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Badnavirus
''Badnavirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Caulimoviridae'' order ''Ortervirales''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 67 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: CSSV: leaf chlorosis, root necrosis, red vein banding in young leaves, small mottled pods, and stem/root swelling followed by die-back. Infection decreases yield by 25% within one year, 50% within two years and usually kills trees within 3–4 years. Taxonomy The following species are recognized: *'' Aglaonema bacilliform virus'' *'' Banana streak GF virus'' *'' Banana streak IM virus'' *'' Banana streak MY virus'' *'' Banana streak OL virus'' *'' Banana streak UA virus'' *'' Banana streak UI virus'' *'' Banana streak UL virus'' *'' Banana streak UM virus'' *'' Banana streak VN virus'' *'' Birch leafroll-associated virus'' *'' Blackberry virus F'' *'' Bougainvillea chlorotic vein banding virus'' *'' Cacao bacilliform Sri Lanka virus'' *''Cacao mild mosaic virus'' *''Cacao swo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Banana Streak MY Virus
''Banana streak MY virus'' (BSMYV) is a plant virus that causes banana streak disease of banana (''Musa'') species, which results in chlorotic streaks in the leaves and a reduced crop. The virus has been recovered from Australia, India and Tonga. It is composed of a double-stranded DNA genome In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding ge ... and may exist in either an infectious episomal form or an endogenous form which is integrated into the host DNA. It is spread by several species of mealy bug. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q18967560 Caulimoviridae Viral plant pathogens and diseases ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caulimoviridae
''Caulimoviridae'' is a family of viruses infecting plants. There are 94 species in this family, assigned to 11 genera. Viruses belonging to the family ''Caulimoviridae'' are termed double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) reverse-transcribing viruses (or pararetroviruses) i.e. viruses that contain a reverse transcription stage in their replication cycle. This family contains all plant viruses with a dsDNA genome that have a reverse transcribing phase in their lifecycle. Taxonomy The following genera are recognized: *'' Badnavirus'' *'' Caulimovirus'' *'' Cavemovirus'' *'' Dioscovirus'' *'' Petuvirus'' *'' Rosadnavirus'' *'' Ruflodivirus'' *'' Solendovirus'' *'' Soymovirus'' *'' Tungrovirus'' *'' Vaccinivirus'' Virus particle structure All viruses of this family are non-enveloped. Virus particles are either bacilliform or isometric. The type of nucleocapsid incorporated into the virus structure determines the size of the viral particles. Bacilliform particles are approximately 35–50 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus
''Cacao swollen shoot virus'' (CSSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family '' Caulimoviridae'' that primarily infects cacao trees. It decreases cacao yield within the first year of infection, and usually kills the tree within a few years. Symptoms vary by strain, but leaf discoloration, stem/root swelling, and die-back generally occur. The virus is transmitted from tree to tree by mealybug vectors. It was first discovered in Ghana in 1936, and is currently endemic in Togo, Ghana and Nigeria.Dzahini-Obiatey, H., O. Domfeh, and F. M. Amoah. 2010. Over seventy years of a viral disease of cocoa in Ghana: From researchers' perspective. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 5:476-485. Over 200 million trees have already been claimed by this disease, which has prompted Ghana to launch the most ambitious and costly eradication effort of any country in the world against a viral plant disease. ''Cacao swollen shoot virus'' should not be confused with the related species '' Cacao swollen shoot CD vir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisting of (i) the genetic material, i.e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Citrus Yellow Mosaic Virus
''Citrus'' is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. Plants in the genus produce citrus fruits, including important crops such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits, pomelos, and limes. The genus ''Citrus'' is native to South Asia, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Australia. Various citrus species have been used and domesticated by indigenous cultures in these areas since ancient times. From there its cultivation spread into Micronesia and Polynesia by the Austronesian expansion (c. 3000–1500 BCE); and to the Middle East and the Mediterranean (c. 1200 BCE) via the incense trade route, and onwards to Europe and the Americas. History Citrus plants are native to subtropical and tropical regions of Asia, Island Southeast Asia, Near Oceania, and northeastern Australia. Domestication of citrus species involved much hybridization and introgression, leaving much uncertainty about when and where domestication first happened. A genomic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna Yellow Mottle Virus
Canna may refer to: Places * Canna, Western Australia, a locality in the Shire of Morawa, Australia * Canna, Calabria, a ''comune'' in the Province of Cosenza, Italy * Cannae, a ''frazione'' in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani, Apulia, Italy * Canna, Scotland, an island in the Inner Hebrides People * Canna (name) * Canna (gamer), (born 2000), ''League of Legends'' player * Saint Canna, sixth-century mother of saints and nun in south Wales Other uses * ''Canna'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Canna (unit), an ancient Italian length unit, equal to 2–3 m * Canna Creek, a tributary to Lobutcha Creek, Mississippi * MV ''Canna'', a car ferry built for Caledonian MacBrayne See also * * Cana (other) * Cannae (other) * Kanna (other) Kanna may refer to: Plants *''Mesembryanthemum tortuosum'', syn. ''Sceletium tortuosum'', a Southern African succulent with psychoactive properties *''Platysace cirrosa'', a Western Australian perennial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canna Yellow Mottle Associated Virus
Canna may refer to: Places * Canna, Western Australia, a locality in the Shire of Morawa, Australia * Canna, Calabria, a ''comune'' in the Province of Cosenza, Italy * Cannae, a ''frazione'' in the Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani, Apulia, Italy * Canna, Scotland, an island in the Inner Hebrides People * Canna (name) * Canna (gamer), (born 2000), ''League of Legends'' player * Saint Canna, sixth-century mother of saints and nun in south Wales Other uses * ''Canna'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Canna (unit), an ancient Italian length unit, equal to 2–3 m * Canna Creek, a tributary to Lobutcha Creek, Mississippi * MV ''Canna'', a car ferry built for Caledonian MacBrayne See also * * Cana (other) * Cannae (other) * Kanna (other) Kanna may refer to: Plants *''Mesembryanthemum tortuosum'', syn. ''Sceletium tortuosum'', a Southern African succulent with psychoactive properties *''Platysace cirrosa'', a Western Australian perennial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camellia Lemon Glow Virus
''Camellia'' (pronounced or ) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. They are found in eastern and southern Asia, from the Himalayas east to Japan and Indonesia. There are more than 220 described species, with some controversy over the exact number, and also around 3,000 hybrids. The genus was named by Linnaeus after the Jesuit botanist Georg Joseph Kamel, who worked in the Philippines and described a species of camellia (although Linnaeus did not refer to Kamel's account when discussing the genus). Of economic importance in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent, leaves of '' C. sinensis'' are processed to create the popular beverage tea. The ornamental '' C. japonica'', '' C. sasanqua'' and their hybrids are the source of hundreds of garden cultivars. '' C. oleifera'' produces tea seed oil, used in cooking and cosmetics. Descriptions Camellias are evergreen shrubs or small trees up to tall. Their leaves are alternately arrang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacao Yellow Vein Banding Virus
Cacao is the seed from which cocoa and chocolate are made, from Spanish cacao, an adaptation of Nahuatl cacaua, the root form of cacahuatl ("bean of the cocoa-tree"). It may also refer to: Plants *'' Theobroma cacao'', a tropical evergreen tree ** Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate **Cacao paste, ground cacao beans. The mass is melted and separated into: *** Cocoa butter, a pale, yellow, edible fat; and *** Cocoa solids, the dark, bitter mass that contains most of cacao's notable phytochemicals, including caffeine and theobromine. Places *Cacao, French Guiana *Cacao, Carolina, Puerto Rico *Cacao, Quebradillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Alto, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Bajo, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Hacienda Cacao, Yucatán, Mexico Other uses *Maria Cacao, a mountain goddess in the Philippines See also *Cacau (other) *Cocoa (other) *Coca (other) Coca may refer to any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacao Swollen Shoot Togo B Virus
Cacao is the seed from which cocoa and chocolate are made, from Spanish cacao, an adaptation of Nahuatl cacaua, the root form of cacahuatl ("bean of the cocoa-tree"). It may also refer to: Plants *'' Theobroma cacao'', a tropical evergreen tree ** Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate **Cacao paste, ground cacao beans. The mass is melted and separated into: *** Cocoa butter, a pale, yellow, edible fat; and *** Cocoa solids, the dark, bitter mass that contains most of cacao's notable phytochemicals, including caffeine and theobromine. Places *Cacao, French Guiana *Cacao, Carolina, Puerto Rico *Cacao, Quebradillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Alto, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Bajo, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Hacienda Cacao, Yucatán, Mexico Other uses *Maria Cacao, a mountain goddess in the Philippines See also *Cacau (other) *Cocoa (other) *Coca (other) Coca may refer to any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacao Swollen Shoot Togo A Virus
Cacao is the seed from which cocoa and chocolate are made, from Spanish cacao, an adaptation of Nahuatl cacaua, the root form of cacahuatl ("bean of the cocoa-tree"). It may also refer to: Plants *'' Theobroma cacao'', a tropical evergreen tree ** Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate **Cacao paste, ground cacao beans. The mass is melted and separated into: *** Cocoa butter, a pale, yellow, edible fat; and *** Cocoa solids, the dark, bitter mass that contains most of cacao's notable phytochemicals, including caffeine and theobromine. Places *Cacao, French Guiana *Cacao, Carolina, Puerto Rico *Cacao, Quebradillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Alto, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Bajo, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Hacienda Cacao, Yucatán, Mexico Other uses *Maria Cacao, a mountain goddess in the Philippines See also *Cacau (other) *Cocoa (other) *Coca (other) Coca may refer to any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cacao Swollen Shoot Ghana Q Virus
Cacao is the seed from which cocoa and chocolate are made, from Spanish cacao, an adaptation of Nahuatl cacaua, the root form of cacahuatl ("bean of the cocoa-tree"). It may also refer to: Plants *'' Theobroma cacao'', a tropical evergreen tree ** Cocoa bean, the seed from the tree used to make chocolate **Cacao paste, ground cacao beans. The mass is melted and separated into: *** Cocoa butter, a pale, yellow, edible fat; and *** Cocoa solids, the dark, bitter mass that contains most of cacao's notable phytochemicals, including caffeine and theobromine. Places *Cacao, French Guiana *Cacao, Carolina, Puerto Rico *Cacao, Quebradillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Alto, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Cacao Bajo, Patillas, Puerto Rico *Hacienda Cacao, Yucatán, Mexico Other uses *Maria Cacao, a mountain goddess in the Philippines See also *Cacau (other) *Cocoa (other) *Coca (other) Coca may refer to any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
