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Baby Gammy Incident
In July 2014, an internationally publicised incident occurred in which a Thai woman, Pattaramon Janbua, who had been hired as a surrogate mother for an Australian couple, sought to raise money for her critically ill surrogate son. The baby had been in her care since she gave birth in December 2013; biological parents David John Farnell and Wenyu Wendy Li had left Thailand 2 months later with baby Gammy's twin sister Pipah. When ultrasound results seven months into the surrogate pregnancy indicated that Ms Pattaramon was carrying twins and that one of the twins, a boy, had Down syndrome, Farnell and Li requested that she abort him, and that they would keep only the child's twin sister. Ms Pattaramon refused, citing her Buddhist beliefs, and instead opted to raise the boy (named Gammy) on her own. Thai surrogacy laws dictate that a child's legal mother is its birth mother. The Farnells returned to Australia in December 2013, bringing baby Gammy's twin sister Pipah with them. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrogate Mother
Surrogacy is an arrangement, often supported by a legal agreement, whereby a woman agrees to delivery/labour for another person or people, who will become the child's parent(s) after birth. People may seek a surrogacy arrangement when pregnancy is medically impossible, when pregnancy risks are dangerous for the intended mother, or when a single man or a male couple wish to have a child. In surrogacy arrangements, monetary compensation may or may not be involved. Receiving money for the arrangement is known as commercial surrogacy. The legality and cost of surrogacy varies widely between jurisdictions, sometimes resulting in problematic international or interstate surrogacy arrangements. Couples seeking a surrogacy arrangement in a country where it is banned sometimes travel to a jurisdiction that permits it. In some countries, surrogacy is legal only if money does not exchange hands. Where commercial surrogacy is legal, couples may use the help of third-party agencies to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thailand
Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the extremity of Myanmar. Thailand also shares maritime borders with Vietnam to the southeast, and Indonesia and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the nation's capital and largest city. Tai peoples migrated from southwestern China to mainland Southeast Asia from the 11th century. Indianised kingdoms such as the Mon, Khmer Empire and Malay states ruled the region, competing with Thai states such as the Kingdoms of Ngoenyang, Sukhothai, Lan Na and Ayutthaya, which also rivalled each other. European contact began in 1511 with a Portuguese diplomatic mission to Ayutthaya, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Down Syndrome
Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is usually associated with physical growth delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic facial features. The average IQ of a young adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental ability of an eight- or nine-year-old child, but this can vary widely. The parents of the affected individual are usually genetically normal. The probability increases from less than 0.1% in 20-year-old mothers to 3% in those of age 45. The extra chromosome is believed to occur by chance, with no known behavioral activity or environmental factor that changes the probability. Down syndrome can be identified during pregnancy by prenatal screening followed by diagnostic testing or after birth by direct observation and genetic testing. Since the introduction of screening, Down syndrome pregnancies are often abor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism And Abortion
There is no single Buddhist view concerning abortion, although it is generally regarded negatively.Abortion: Buddhism " ''BBC Religion & Ethics.'' Retrieved 15 January 2008. Scriptural views and the monastic code Inducing or otherwise causing an abortion is regarded as a serious matter in the monastic rules followed by both and monks; monks can be expelled for assisting a woman in procuring an abortion.Harvey, Peter. Introduction to Buddhist Ethics (2000). Cambridge University Press. pg. 311-20 Traditional so ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrogacy Laws By Country
The legal aspects of surrogacy in any particular jurisdiction tend to hinge on a few central questions: * Are surrogacy agreements enforceable, void, or prohibited? Does it make a difference whether the gestational carrier is paid (commercial) or simply reimbursed for expenses (altruistic)? * What, if any, difference does it make whether the surrogacy is traditional or gestational surrogacy? * Is there an alternative to post-birth adoption for the recognition of the intended parents as the legal parents, either before or after the birth? Laws differ widely from one jurisdiction to another. Of the countries which allow surrogacy, many have residency or citizenship requirements for the intended parent(s) and/or the surrogate. Countries without such requirements often attract persons from abroad, being destinations for fertility tourism. In some countries, such as the United States, Canada or Australia, laws vary by state/territory. Prohibition of commercial surrogacy Commercial surr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TheGuardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust Limited, Scott Trust. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surrogacy
Surrogacy is an arrangement, often supported by a legal agreement, whereby a woman agrees to delivery/labour for another person or people, who will become the child's parent(s) after birth. People may seek a surrogacy arrangement when pregnancy is medically impossible, when pregnancy risks are dangerous for the intended mother, or when a single man or a male couple wish to have a child. In surrogacy arrangements, monetary compensation may or may not be involved. Receiving money for the arrangement is known as commercial surrogacy. The legality and cost of surrogacy varies widely between jurisdictions, sometimes resulting in problematic international or interstate surrogacy arrangements. Couples seeking a surrogacy arrangement in a country where it is banned sometimes travel to a jurisdiction that permits it. In some countries, surrogacy is legal only if money does not exchange hands. Where commercial surrogacy is legal, couples may use the help of third-party agencies to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014 In Australia
The following lists events that happened during 2014 in Australia. Incumbents *Monarch – Elizabeth II *Governor-General – (Dame) Quentin Bryce (until 28 March), then Sir Peter Cosgrove *Prime Minister – Tony Abbott **Deputy Prime Minister – Warren Truss **Opposition Leader – Bill Shorten * Chief Justice – Robert French State and Territory Leaders *Premier of New South Wales – Barry O'Farrell (until 17 April), then Mike Baird **Opposition Leader – John Robertson (until 23 December) *Premier of Queensland – Campbell Newman **Opposition Leader – Annastacia Palaszczuk *Premier of South Australia – Jay Weatherill **Opposition Leader – Steven Marshall *Premier of Tasmania – Lara Giddings (until 31 March), then Will Hodgman **Opposition Leader – Will Hodgman (until 31 March), then Bryan Green *Premier of Victoria – Denis Napthine (until 4 December), then Daniel Andrews **Opposition Leader – Daniel Andrews (until 4 December), then Matthew Guy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014 In Thailand
The year 2014 was the 233rd year of the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Thailand. It was the 69th year in the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), and is reckoned as year 2557 in the Buddhist Era. Significant events include the continuing political crisis which led to a coup d'état on 22 May. Incumbents *King: Bhumibol Adulyadej *Crown Prince: Vajiralongkorn *Prime Minister: ** until 7 May: Yingluck Shinawatra ** 7 May-22 May: Niwatthamrong Boonsongpaisan (acting) ** 22 May-24 August: National Council for Peace and Order (junta) ** starting 24 August: Prayut Chan-o-cha *Supreme Patriarch: (vacant) Events January * January 15 - A Thailand-based women's rights group accuses Myanmar of using rape as a weapon of war. * January 17 - An explosion rocks the protests in Bangkok resulting in dozens of injuries. * January 19 - A blast at an anti-government protest at Victory Monument in Bangkok injures 28 protesters, seven of them seriously. * January 21 - The Government of Thailand d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Controversies In Australia
Controversy is a state of prolonged public dispute or debate, usually concerning a matter of conflicting opinion or point of view. The word was coined from the Latin ''controversia'', as a composite of ''controversus'' – "turned in an opposite direction". Legal In the jurisprudence, theory of law, a controversy differs from a legal case; while legal cases include all suits, Criminal law, criminal as well as civil law (common law), civil, a controversy is a purely civil proceeding. For example, the Case or Controversy Clause of Article Three of the United States Constitution (Article Three of the United States Constitution#Section 2: Judicial power, jurisdiction, and trial by jury, Section 2, Clause 1) states that "the judicial Power shall extend ... to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party". This clause has been deemed to impose a requirement that United States federal courts are not permitted to cases that do not pose an actual controversy—th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
