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Aytech Qanoqo
Aytech Qanoqo (; ; ? - September 26, 1844) was a Circassian military commander, nobleman and double agent who took part in the Russo-Circassian War. He frequently changed sides and was a notable participant on both sides of the conflict. In the end, he was known as a traitor by both sides and did not have a funeral. Biography Early life Due to the rise of democratic factions in Circassia with the Circassian Revolution, and some regions abandoning social classes, he lost his status as a noble and initially supported the Russian invasion of Circassia to keep his noble titles. In 1828, he arrived at the Russian camp, where he took an oath of allegiance to the Russian Empire, changed his name to Aytek Konokov, converted to Christianity, took promise that his village would not be destroyed like the other Circassian villages, and accepted Russian citizenship. After seeing the failure of Russian forces against the mountainous Circassians, he again switched sides, re-converted to Isl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassia
Circassia (; also known as Cherkessia in some sources; ady, Адыгэ Хэку, Адыгей, lit=, translit=Adıgə Xəku, Adıgey; ; ota, چرکسستان, Çerkezistan; ) was a country and a historical region in the along the northeast shore of the Black Sea. It was conquered and occupied by Russia during the Russian-Circassian War (1763–1864). 90% of the Circassian people were either exiled from the region or massacred in the Circassian genocide. The Circassians also dominated the north of the Kuban river in the early medieval and ancient times, but with the raids of the Mongol Empire, Golden Horde and the Crimean Khanate, they were withdrawn south of the Kuban, from the Taman Peninsula to North Ossetia. During the Medieval Era, Circassian lords subjugated and vassalized the neighboring Karachay-Balkars and Ossetians. The term Circassia is also used as the collective name of Circassian states established on Circassian territory. Legally and internationally, the Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russo-Circassian War
The Russo-Circassian War ( ady, Урыс-адыгэ зауэ, translit=Wurıs-adığə zawə; ; 1763–1864; also known as the Russian Invasion of Circassia) was the invasion of Circassia by Russia, starting in July 17, 1763 ( O.S) with the Russian Empire assuming authority in Circassia, followed by the Circassian refusal,Henze 1992 and ending 101 years later with the last army of Circassia defeated on 21 May 1864 ( O.S), making it exhausting and casualty-heavy for both sides. The Circassians fought the Russians longer than all the other peoples of the Caucasus,. and the Russo-Circassian War was the longest war both Russia and Circassia have ever fought. During and after the war, the Russian Empire employed a genocidal strategy of systematically massacring civilians which resulted in the Circassian genocideL.V.Burykina. ''Pereselenskoye dvizhenie na severo-zapagni Kavakaz''. Reference in King.. where up to 1,500,000 Circassians (85-97% of the total population) were either kille ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Revolution
The Circassian Revolution refers to a series of revolts by Circassian farmers which resulted in the most developed regions of Circassia abandoning social classes and switching to democracy. History In 1770, the free farmers of Abzakh Circassians revolted against the aristocratic class. Captured princes were killed. Those who escaped took refuge in other Circassian tribes. All privileges held by the princes, who were aristocratic and noble class, were abolished by free farmers. While many contemporary French nobles took refuge in Russia during the similar revolution in France, some of the Circassian nobles took the same path and refuge in Russia. In July 14, 1791 the Natukhaj commoners peacefully took power from the aristocrats, declaring a republic. A similar attempt among the Shapsugs led to a civil war which the commons won in 1803. Famous Circassian writer and historian Amjad Jaimoukha says that from 1770 to 1790 there was a class war among the Abadzeks that resulted in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigory Zass
Grigory Khristoforovich von Zass (1797–1883; ) was a Russian Imperial general who commanded Russian cavalry troops in the Napoleonic Wars and Russo-Circassian War,'' Щербина Ф. А.'' История Армавира и черкесо-горцев. — Екатеринодар: Электро-тип. т-во «Печатник», 1916. initially gaining prominence for his genocidal actions against the Circassians, whom he reportedly saw as a "lowly race".Rajović, G. & Ezhevski, D. O. & Vazerova, A. G. & Trailovic, M.. (2018). "The Tactics and Strategy of General G.Kh. Zass in the Caucasus". '' Bylye Gody''. 50. 1492–1498. . He was the founder of Armavir. In 2003, the Russian Federation controversially erected his statue on former Circassian territories where the Circassian genocide occurred, infuriating Circassians and Circassian nationalist establishments worldwide. Biography Early life Originally from Westphalia's German nobility, von Zass belonged to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janazah
Funerals and funeral prayers in Islam ( ar, جنازة, Janazah) follow fairly specific rites, though they are subject to regional interpretation and variation in custom. In all cases, however, sharia (Islamic religious law) calls for burial of the body as soon as possible, preceded by a simple ritual involving bathing and shrouding the body, followed by (prayer). Burial is usually within 24 hours of death to protect the living from any sanitary issues, except in the case of a person killed in battle or when foul play is suspected; in those cases it is important to determine the cause of death before burial. Cremation of the body is strictly forbidden in Islam. Common Islamic burial rituals Burial rituals should normally take place as soon as possible and include:Ghamidi (2001Customs and Behavioral Laws * Collective bathing of the dead body, except in extraordinary circumstances, as in the battle of Uhud. * Enshrouding the dead body in a white cotton or linen cloth. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People Of The Caucasian War
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation A nation is a community of people formed on the basis of a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, cultur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1844 Deaths
In the Philippines, it was the only leap year with 365 days, as December 31 was skipped when 1845 began after December 30. Events January–March * January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, receives its charter from Indiana. * February 27 – The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti. * February 28 – A gun on the USS ''Princeton'' explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing two United States Cabinet members and several others. * March 8 ** King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden–Norway upon the death of his father, Charles XIV/III John. ** The Althing, the parliament of Iceland, is reopened after 45 years of closure. * March 9 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera '' Ernani'' debuts at Teatro La Fenice, Venice. * March 12 – The Columbus and Xenia Railroad, the first railroad planned to be built in Ohio, is chartered. * March 13 – The dictator Carlos Antonio López becomes first President of P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Military Personnel Of The Russo-Circassian War
Circassian may refer to: * Circassia, a former geographical region located in present-day European Russia, Northern Caucasus ** Circassian coast, on the Black Sea * Circassians, also known as Adyghe people ** Circassian diaspora * Circassian language, a Northwest Caucasian language or subgroup of languages * Circassians (historical ethnonym) — historical term, which used to be and partly is used today to denominate different peoples of the Black Sea shore and the Northern Caucasus. Other uses * USS ''Circassian'' (1862), a Union Navy steamship in the American Civil War See also * * Cerchez (other) Cerchez, Cherchez and Cerkez are Romanian words meaning " Circassian". The Circassians were a prominent minority in Northern Dobruja during the 19th century. This region now belongs to Romania. Cerchez, and its variations, may refer to: * Cerchez ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Military Personnel Of The Caucasian War
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: * Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries * Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and people of Russia, regardless of ethnicity * Russophone, Russian-speaking person (, ''russkogovoryashchy'', ''russkoyazychny'') *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *Russian alphabet *Russian cuisine * Russian culture * Russian studies Russian may also refer to: * Russian dressing *''The Russians'', a book by Hedrick Smith * Russian (comics), fictional Marvel Comics supervillain from ''The Punisher'' series *Russian (solitaire), a card game * "Russians" (song), from the album ''The Dream of the Blue Turtles'' by Sting *"Russian", from the album '' Tubular Bells 2003'' by Mike Oldfield *"Russian", from the album '' '' by Caravan Palace *Nik Russian, the perpetrator of a con committed in 2002 *The South African na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circassian Nobility
Circassian may refer to: * Circassia, a former geographical region located in present-day European Russia, Northern Caucasus ** Circassian coast, on the Black Sea * Circassians, also known as Adyghe people ** Circassian diaspora * Circassian language, a Northwest Caucasian language or subgroup of languages * Circassians (historical ethnonym) — historical term, which used to be and partly is used today to denominate different peoples of the Black Sea shore and the Northern Caucasus. Other uses * USS ''Circassian'' (1862), a Union Navy steamship in the American Civil War See also * * Cerchez (other) Cerchez, Cherchez and Cerkez are Romanian words meaning " Circassian". The Circassians were a prominent minority in Northern Dobruja during the 19th century. This region now belongs to Romania. Cerchez, and its variations, may refer to: * Cerchez ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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