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Austro-Daimler Artillery Tractors
Immediately before World War I, Austro-Daimler constructed several series of the first petrol-engined four-wheel drive artillery tractors. These were some of the first commercially successful vehicles for both the Austro-Daimler company and their designer Ferdinand Porsche. Siege mortars In the period before World War I, France and Belgium fortified their Eastern borders by constructing a series of large forts, notably around Liège. To counter these forts during a potential invasion, Germany sought large siege artillery, from Krupp. "Because the number of batteries was four short of the pre-war planning estimates, the German General Staff requested four batteries (eight howitzers) of Skoda 30.5cm Model 11 howitzers from the Austro-Hungarian Army. These batteries arrived in mid-August, participating in the sieges of Namur, Maubeuge, and Antwerp, and in attacks against the French fortifications at Givet and the fortification zone between Verdun and Toul." Although Italy and Au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Austro-Daimler Artillery Tractor
Immediately before World War I, Austro-Daimler constructed several series of the first petrol-engined four-wheel drive artillery tractors. These were some of the first commercially successful vehicles for both the Austro-Daimler company and their designer Ferdinand Porsche. Siege mortars In the period before World War I, France and Belgium fortified their Eastern borders by constructing a series of large forts, notably around Liège. To counter these forts during a potential invasion, Germany sought large siege artillery, from Krupp. "Because the number of batteries was four short of the pre-war planning estimates, the German General Staff requested four batteries (eight howitzers) of Skoda 30.5cm Model 11 howitzers from the Austro-Hungarian Army. These batteries arrived in mid-August, participating in the sieges of Namur, Maubeuge, and Antwerp, and in attacks against the French fortifications at Givet and the fortification zone between Verdun and Toul." Although Italy and Au ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Daimler
Paul Daimler (13 September 1869 – 15 December 1945) was a German mechanical engineer who designed automobiles. He was the eldest child of Gottlieb Daimler who founded Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft and (with Wilhelm Maybach) invented the petrol engine. After studying at the Technische Hochschule Stuttgart, he worked in his father's factory in Cannstatt. On 10 November 1885 he travelled with his father in the "riding car"—the world's first motorcycle—from Cannstatt to Untertürkheim. In 1902, Paul was sent to the general partners of Austro-Daimler, where he became the technical director. In 1903, he designed an armoured car. From 1907 to 1922 he was Technical Director of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft Untertürkheim, Sindelfingen and Berlin-Marienfelde. On 1 July 1923, he joined Horch Horch () was a car brand manufacturer, founded in Germany by August Horch & Cie at the beginning of the 20th century. It is one of the predecessors of the present day Audi company, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidevalve
A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine''American Rodder'', 6/94, pp.45 & 93. or valve-in-block engine is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, as in an overhead valve engine. Flatheads were widely used internationally by automobile manufacturers from the late 1890s until the mid-1950s but were replaced by more efficient overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines. They are currently experiencing a revival in low-revving aero-engines such as the D-Motor. The side-valve design The valve gear comprises a camshaft sited low in the cylinder block which operates the poppet valves via tappets and short pushrods (or sometimes with no pushrods at all). The flathead system obviates the need for further valvetrain components such as lengthy pushrods, rocker arms, overhead valves or overhead camshafts. The sidevalves are typically adjacent, sited on one side of the cylinder(s), though some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monobloc Cylinders
A ''monobloc'' or ''en bloc'' engine is an internal-combustion piston engine some of whose major components (such as cylinder head, cylinder block, or crankcase) are formed, usually by casting, as a single integral unit, rather than being assembled later. This has the advantages of improving mechanical stiffness, and improving the reliability of the sealing between them. ''Monobloc'' techniques date back to the beginnings of the internal combustion engine. Use of the term has changed over time, usually to address the most pressing mechanical problem affecting the engines of its day. There have been three distinct uses of the technique: * #Cylinder head, Cylinder head and cylinder * #Cylinder block, Cylinder block * Cylinder block and #Crankcase, crankcase In most cases, any use of the term describes single-unit construction that is opposed to the more common contemporary practice. Where the monobloc technique has later become the norm, the specific term fell from favour. It is now u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inline-six
The straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or less cylinders. Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines became more common from the 1960s and by the 2000s most straight-six engines had been replaced by V6 engines. An exception to this trend is BMW which has produced automotive straight-six engines from 1933 to the present day. Characteristics In terms of packaging, straight-six engines are almost always narrower than a V6 engine or V8 engine, but longer than straight-four engines, V6s, and most V8s. Straight-six engines are typically produced in displacements ranging from , however engines ranging in size from the Benelli 750 Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinniped
Pinnipeds (pronounced ), commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic, mostly marine mammals. They comprise the extant families Odobenidae (whose only living member is the walrus), Otariidae (the eared seals: sea lions and fur seals), and Phocidae (the earless seals, or true seals). There are 34 extant species of pinnipeds, and more than 50 extinct species have been described from fossils. While seals were historically thought to have descended from two ancestral lines, molecular evidence supports them as a monophyletic lineage (descended from one ancestral line). Pinnipeds belong to the order Carnivora; their closest living relatives are musteloids (weasels, raccoons, skunks, and red pandas), having diverged about 50 million years ago. Seals range in size from the and Baikal seal to the and southern elephant seal male, which is also the largest member of the order Carnivora. Several species exh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballast Tractor
A ballast tractor is a specially weighted tractor unit of a heavy hauler combination. It is designed to utilize a drawbar to pull or push heavy or exceptionally large trailer loads which are loaded in a hydraulic modular trailer. When feasible, lowboy-style semi-trailers are used to minimize a load's center of gravity. Typical drivetrains are 6×4 and 6×6 but also available in 8×6 and 8×8. Typical ballast tractor loads include oil rig modules, bridge sections, buildings, ship sections, and industrial machinery such as generators and turbines. Only a handful of manufacturers produce dedicated ballast tractors. Extra-heavy-duty chassis versions of mass-production tractor units are fitted with drawbar hitches and a separate ballast box as an alternative. These units are classified as N3 Category of Large goods vehicle. Ballast tractors can be traced back to the 1940s when heavy haulers from the UK started employing purpose-built Scammell Showtracs a short wheelbase 4x2 balla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archduke Leopold Salvator Of Austria
Archduke Leopold Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (Leopold Salvator Maria Joseph Ferdinand Franz von Assisi Karl Anton von Padua Johann Baptist Januarius Aloys Gonzaga Rainer Wenzel Galius von Österreich-Toskana) (15 October 1863 – 4 September 1931), was the son of Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria and Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1844–1899), Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. Biography Leopold was born in Stará Boleslav, Bohemia. He was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, and held the title Archduke of Austria. He was a Knight in the Order of the Golden Fleece and was awarded Order of the White Eagle (Serbia), Order of the White Eagle. Marriage and issue On October 24, 1889 Leopold Salvator married Infanta Blanca of Spain (1868-1949), eldest daughter of Carlos, Duke of Madrid. They had 10 children: *Archduchess Dolores of Austria (5 May 1891 – 10 April 1974) *Archduchess Immaculata of Austria (9 September 1892 – 3 Septe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingpin (automotive Part)
The kingpin (also king-pin, king pin and k pin) is the main pivot in the steering mechanism of a car or other vehicle. The term is also used to refer to part of a fifth wheel coupling apparatus for a semi and its trailer or other load. History Originally, with the 'turntable' steering of horse-drawn wagons, this was a single pin on which the moveable axle was pivoted beneath the wagon's frame. This located the axle from side to side, but the weight of the wagon was carried on a circular wooden ring turntable surrounding this. Similar centre pivot steering was used by steam traction engines, the kingpin being mounted on the 'perch bracket' beneath the boiler. Some early cars also used centre pivot steering, although it became apparent that it was unsuitable for their increasing speeds. Ackermann steering separates the steering movement into two pivots, one near the hub of each front wheel. The beam axle between them remains fixed relative to the chassis, linked by the suspensi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bevel Gear
Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The pitch surface of bevel gears is a cone, known as a pitch cone. Bevel gears transfer the energy from linear to vertical power, making it very useful in machines widely used in mechanical settings. Introduction Two important concepts in gearing are pitch surface and pitch angle. The pitch surface of a gear is the imaginary toothless surface that you would have by averaging out the peaks and valleys of the individual teeth. The pitch surface of an ordinary gear is the shape of a cylinder. The pitch angle of a gear is the angle between the face of the pitch surface and the axis. The most familiar kinds of bevel gears have pitch angles of less than 90 degrees and therefore are cone-shaped. This type of bevel gear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Köhler (motor Engineer)
Otto Köhler (25 June 1903 – 1 April 1976) was a German operatic baritone and voice teacher. Life Born in Neu-Isenburg, Köhler, like his cousin, the tenor Franz Völker, first completed an apprenticeship at Disconto-Bank in Frankfurt, where he subsequently worked as a bank clerk. Like Franz Völker, he was a member of the Gesangverein Frohsinn - Sängerbund 1834 Neu-Isenburg and also had singing lessons with Alexander Wellig-Bertram, who had also trained the baritone Heinrich Schlusnus. Clemens Krauss engaged Köhler in 1928 as a lyrical baritone beginner at the Oper Frankfurt, where Köhler sang Silvio in Leoncavallo's ''Pagliacci''. After working at the Cologne Opera House under Eugen Szenkar, the Ulm City Theatre under Herbert von Karajan and Koblenz, he was engaged in 1937 by the Intendant and General Music Director Rudolf Krasselt at the Staatsoper Hannover as first lyrical baritone. He remained loyal to this house and was a guest performer until 1969. From 1947 on, he t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt (; ; Central Bavarian: ''Weana Neistod'') is a city located south of Vienna, in the state of Lower Austria, in northeast Austria. It is a self-governed city and the seat of the district administration of Wiener Neustadt-Land District. The city is the site of one of the world's oldest military academies, the Theresian Military Academy, which was established by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in 1751 to train officers for the Austrian army. History The area once belonged to the County of Pitten, which had been inherited by Margrave Ottokar III of Styria in 1158. After the dynasty of the Otakars became extinct with the death of his son Ottokar IV of Styria, Ottokar IV, the Duchy of Styria passed to the Archduchy of Austria, Austrian House of Babenberg according to the Georgenberg Pact. Duke Leopold V, Duke of Austria, Leopold V of Austria established the town in 1194 and financed the construction of a fortress close to the Kingdom of Hungary, Hungarian border with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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