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August Pettinen
August Pettinen (9 December 1857 Ristiina – 5 March 5, 1914) was a Finnish missionary who worked in Owamboland for twenty years from 1887. He developed the mission schools, experimented with cotton cultivation in Owamboland and drew ndonga-language textbooks. He collected linguistic and ethnological material, which was published in the periodical Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen between 1925 and 1927. Pettinen first worked at the Omangundu and Olukonda mission stations. In 1890, he founded the Ondangwa Ondangwa (earlier spelling ''Ondangua'') is a town in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia, bordering the Oshikoto Region. Ondangwa was first established as a mission station of the Finnish Missionary Society (the FMS) in 1890. In 1914, it became ... mission station in the western part of Ondonga; this became his base. Pettinen was lively and friendly and won the trust of the local people. Pettinen was particularly interested in school work and devoted much of his energ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ristiina
Ristiina (; in Swedish language, Swedish also known as ''Kristina'') was a municipalities of Finland, municipality of Finland. It was founded in 1649 and it was named after Kristina Stenbock, the wife of Governor-General in the Swedish Realm, Governor General and Count Per Brahe the Younger, Per Brahe. From the beginning of the year 2013 is a part of Mikkeli city. Ristiina is located in the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Southern Savonia regions of Finland, region. The municipality has a population of (31 December 2012) and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . The municipality is unilingually Finnish language, Finnish. History The area of the later Ristiina municipality was originally a part of the Savilahti parish (the later Mikkelin maalaiskunta), the oldest parish in all of Savonia (historical province), Savonia. By 1541, Savilahti had been divided into the parishes of Pellosniemi and Visulahti. The Pellosniemi parish, which i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Owamboland
Ovamboland, also referred to as Owamboland, was a Bantustan in South West Africa (present-day Namibia), intended by the apartheid government to be a self-governing homeland for the Ovambo people. The term originally referred to the parts of northern Namibia inhabited by the Ovambo ethnic group, namely the area controlled by the traditional Ovambo kingdoms in pre-colonial and early colonial times, such as Ondonga, Ongandjera, and Oukwanyama. Its endonym is ''Ovambo ~ Owambo''. Background In the 1960s South Africa, which was administering South West Africa under a League of Nations mandate, came under increased international pressure regarding its minority White rule over the majority of Blacks. The solution envisaged by South Africa—the Odendaal Plan—was to separate the white and the non-white population, grant self-government to the isolated black territories, and thus make Whites the majority population in the vast remainder of the country. Moreover it was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ndonga
Ndonga, also called Oshindonga, is a Bantu language, Bantu dialect spoken in Namibia and parts of Angola. It is a standardized dialect of the Ovambo language, and is mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible with Kwanyama dialect, Kwanyama, the other Ovambo dialect with a standard written form. With 810,000 speakers, the language has the largest number of speakers in Namibia. Martti Rautanen translated the Bible into the Ndonga dialect. Beginning his work in 1885, he published the New Testament in 1903, but it took until 1920 to finish the Old Testament. His Bible translation became the basis of a standardized form of Ndonga. Phonology Vowels Oshindonga uses a five-vowel system: Consonants Oshindonga contains the following consonant phonemes: Prenasalized sounds are listed below: * [m̥p] * [mb] * [ɱv] *[n̥θ] * [nð] * [n̥ʃ] * [n̥t] * [nd] * [nz] * [n̥ts] * [ŋk] * [ŋɡ] Oshindonga also contains many other consonant compounds, listed below: * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olukonda
Nangolo Mbumba, Olukonda is a settlement in the Oshikoto Region in the north of Namibia. It is the district capital of the Olukonda Constituency, Olukonda electoral constituency. During colonial time of German South West Africa the missionary station and settlement was known as the ''Capital of the North''. Olukonda has been the place of the first missionary station to the Ovambo people, founded in 1870 by Finnish Missionary Society, Finnish missionaries. In the 1880s Martti Rautanen, nicknamed ''Nakambale'', became missionary at Olukonda and initiated the building of a church in 1889, and a missionary house in 1893. Both the church and the mission station buildings are still existent and have been declared National Monuments of Namibia in 1992. Together they are now known as the ''Olukonda National Monument''. The missionary station houses the ''Nakambale Museum'', and the church, although not anymore in regular use, is infrequently utilised for wedding ceremonies. Rauttanen and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ondangwa
Ondangwa (earlier spelling ''Ondangua'') is a town in the Oshana Region of northern Namibia, bordering the Oshikoto Region. Ondangwa was first established as a mission station of the Finnish Missionary Society (the FMS) in 1890. In 1914, it became a local seat of government. Ondangwa is said to mean ''the end of the Ondonga area''. ( Ondonga is one of the kingdoms of Ovamboland), and Ondangwa is located on the western edge of this kingdom. Ondangwa is located about from the Angolan border, along the B1 road. It is one of the places of residence of the Kings of Ondonga; the current King Eliphas Kauluma, father to the reigning king, lives here. Most of the residents of the town speak Oshindonga. Ondangwa is the district capital of the Ondangwa electoral constituency. Economy and infrastructure Ondangwa features various shopping centre, a large open market, and several tourism facilities. There are also shopping centres such as Gwashamba mall, Yetu complex, Ondangwa Industr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Lutheran Missionaries
Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also * Finish (other) * Finland (other) * Suomi (other) Suomi means ''Finland'' in Finnish. It may also refer to: *Finnish language * Suomi (surname) * Suomi, Minnesota, an unincorporated community * Suomi College, in Hancock, Michigan, now referred to as Finlandia University * Suomi Island, Western ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheran Missionaries In Namibia
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched the Protestant Reformation. The reaction of the government and church authorities to the international spread of his writings, beginning with the ''Ninety-five Theses'', divided Western Christianity. During the Reformation, Lutheranism became the state religion of numerous states of northern Europe, especially in northern Germany, Scandinavia and the then-Livonian Order. Lutheran clergy became civil servants and the Lutheran churches became part of the state. The split between the Lutherans and the Roman Catholics was made public and clear with the 1521 Edict of Worms: the edicts of the Diet condemned Luther and officially banned citizens of the Holy Roman Empire from defending or propagating his ideas, subjecting advocates of Lutheranism to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1857 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * January 9 – The 7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). * January 24 – The University of Calcutta is established in Calcutta, as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia. The University of Bombay is also established in Bombay, British India, this year. * February 3 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, D.C., becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. * February 5 – The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is promulgated. * March – The Austrian garrison leaves Bucharest. * March 3 ** France and the United Kingdom for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 Deaths
This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It also saw the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with the St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line. Events January * January 1 – The St. Petersburg–Tampa Airboat Line in the United States starts services between St. Petersburg, Florida, St. Petersburg and Tampa, Florida, becoming the first airline to provide scheduled regular commercial passenger services with heavier-than-air aircraft, with Tony Jannus (the first federally-licensed pilot) conveying passengers in a Benoist XIV flying boat. Abram C. Pheil, mayor of St. Petersburg, is the first airline passenger, and over 3,000 people witness the first departure. * January 11 – The Sakurajima volcano in Japan b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Expatriates In Namibia
Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also * Finish (other) * Finland (other) * Suomi (other) Suomi means ''Finland'' in Finnish. It may also refer to: *Finnish language * Suomi (surname) * Suomi, Minnesota, an unincorporated community * Suomi College, in Hancock, Michigan, now referred to as Finlandia University * Suomi Island, Western ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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