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Astrophorida
Astrophorina is a suborder of sea sponges in the class Demospongiae. Astrophorina was formerly named Astrophorida and classified as an order, but it is now recognised as a suborder of Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an Order (biology), order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became s ...Morrow & Cárdenas' (2015) revision of the higher taxa of the Demospongiae, Astrophorida sensu Lévi, 1973 (and sensu Hooper & Van Soest, 2002) Bibliography * * Morrow & Cárdenas' (2015) revision of the higher taxa of the Demospongiae, Astrophorida sensu Lévi, 1973 (and sensu Hooper & Van Soest, 2002) References Taxa named by James Scott Bowerbank {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astrophorida
Astrophorina is a suborder of sea sponges in the class Demospongiae. Astrophorina was formerly named Astrophorida and classified as an order, but it is now recognised as a suborder of Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an Order (biology), order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became s ...Morrow & Cárdenas' (2015) revision of the higher taxa of the Demospongiae, Astrophorida sensu Lévi, 1973 (and sensu Hooper & Van Soest, 2002) Bibliography * * Morrow & Cárdenas' (2015) revision of the higher taxa of the Demospongiae, Astrophorida sensu Lévi, 1973 (and sensu Hooper & Van Soest, 2002) References Taxa named by James Scott Bowerbank {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geodia Barretti
''Geodia barretti'' is a massive deep-sea sponge species found in the boreal waters of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is fairly common on the coasts of Norway and Sweden. It is a dominant species in boreal sponge grounds. Supported by morphology and molecular data, this species is classified in the family Geodiidae. Morphology External morphology Massive sponge, often irregularly lobate, whitish to light yellow color. The inside is light brown. Surface is smooth. Oscules are grouped in more or less shallow depressions (= preoscules) while pores are spread over the whole body. There is a distinct cortex about 0.5 mm thick, it is made of ball-shaped spicules called sterrasters. Spicules Megascleres. * Oxeas (1000-5000 µm). * Dichotriaenes with rhabdomes up to 5000 µm long (more rarely orthotriaenes). * Anatriaenes. * Meso/protriaenes (rare). Microscleres. * Microxeas (190-900 µm), sometimes slightly centrotylote. * Sterrasters (50-130 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calthropellidae
''Calthropella'' is a genus of sea sponges in the order Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became sub-orders as A .... It is the only genus in the monotypic family Calthropellidae. Species The following species are recognised in the genus Calthropella: * '' Calthropella durissima'' Topsent, 1892 * '' Calthropella geodioides'' (Carter, 1876) * '' Calthropella enigmatica'' (Lévi & Lévi, 1983) * '' Calthropella inopinata'' Pulitzer-Finali, 1983 * '' Calthropella lithistina'' (Schmidt, 1880) * '' Calthropella novaezealandiae'' (Bergquist, 1961) * '' Calthropella pathologica'' (Schmidt, 1868) * '' Calthropella pyrifera'' van Soest, Beglinger & de Voogd, 2010 * '' Calthropella recondita'' Pulitzer-Finali, 1972 * '' Calthropella simplex'' Sollas, 1888 * '' Calthropella stelligera'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetractinellida
Tetractinellida is an order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became sub-orders as Astrophorina and Spirophorina. Families ; Suborder Astrophorina Sollas, 1887 * Family Ancorinidae Schmidt, 1870 * Family Calthropellidae Lendenfeld, 1907 * Family Corallistidae Sollas, 1888 * Family Geodiidae Gray, 1867 * Family Isoraphiniidae Schrammen, 1924 * Family Macandrewiidae Schrammen, 1924 * Family Neopeltidae Sollas, 1888 * Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875 * Family Phymaraphiniidae Schrammen, 1924 * Family Phymatellidae Schrammen, 1910 * Family Pleromidae Sollas, 1888 * Family Theneidae Carter, 1883 * Family Theonellidae Lendenfeld, 1903 * Family Thrombidae Sollas, 1888 * Family Vulcanellidae Vulcanellidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an Order (biology), order of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demospongiae
Demosponges (Demospongiae) are the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include 76.2% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide (World Porifera Database). They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite. They are predominantly leuconoid in structure. Their "skeletons" are made of spicules consisting of fibers of the protein spongin, the mineral silica, or both. Where spicules of silica are present, they have a different shape from those in the otherwise similar glass sponges. Some species, in particular from the Antarctic, obtain the silica for spicule building from the ingestion of siliceous diatoms. The many diverse orders in this class include all of the large sponges. Most are marine dwellers, but one order (Spongillida) live in freshwater environments. Some species are brightly colored, with great variety in body shape; the largest species are over ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theneidae
Theneidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became sub-orders as A .... Genera: * '' Annulastrella'' Maldonado, 2002 * '' Cladothenea'' Koltun, 1964 * '' Thenea'' Gray, 1867 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q22343371 Sponge families ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the last common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals. Etymology The term ''sponge'' derives from the Ancient Greek word ( 'sponge'). Overview Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicellular, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vulcanellidae
Vulcanellidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became sub-orders as A .... Genera: * '' Lamellomorpha'' Bergquist, 1968 * '' Poecillastra'' Sollas, 1888 * '' Vulcanella'' Sollas, 1886 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q21768328 Tetractinellida Sponge families ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thrombidae
Thrombidae is a family of sea sponges. Genera *''Thrombus A thrombus (plural thrombi), colloquially called a blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis. There are two components to a thrombus: aggregated platelets and red blood cells that form a plug, and a mesh of c ...'' Sollas, 1886 *'' Yucatania'' Gómez, 2006 References Tetractinellida {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theonellidae
Theonellidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Tetractinellida Tetractinellida is an order of sea sponges belonging to the Class Demospongiae. First described in 1876, this order received a new description in 2012 and replaced the two orders Astrophorida and Spirophorida, which then became sub-orders as A ..., which was first described by Robert von Lendenfeld in 1903.Lendenfeld, R. von. (1903). Porifera. Tetraxonia. pp. vi-xv, 1-168. ''In: Schulze, Franz Eilhard (Ed.), Das Tierreich. 19. (Friedländer: Berlin)'' Genera * '' Colossolacis'' Schrammen, 1910 * '' Dactylocalcites'' * '' Discodermia'' du Bocage, 1869 * '' Manihinea'' * '' Racodiscula'' * '' Siliquariaspongia'' * '' Theonella'' References Further reading''Theonella'': immunology and microbiology{{Taxonbar, from=Q4119809 Sponge families Taxa described in 1903 Taxa named by Robert J. Lendlmayer von Lendenfeld ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pleromidae
Pleromidae is a family of oceanic sea sponges. Genera *'' Anaderma'' Lévi & Lévi, 1983 *''Pleroma Pleroma ( grc-koi, πλήρωμα, literally "fullness") generally refers to the totality of divine powers. It is used in Christian theological contexts, especially in Gnosticism. The term also appears in the Epistle to the Colossians, which is tr ...'' Sollas 1888 References * Tetractinellida Taxa named by William Johnson Sollas {{demosponge-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
