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Aspidochirotida
Synallactida is a rankless clade of sea cucumbers, but is referred to as an order. Taxa within Synallactida were previously classified in an order called Aspidochirotida, which was determined to be polyphyletic in 2017. List of families Synallactida includes over 130 species in three extant families and two extinct genera: * Deimatidae Théel, 1882 – 3 genera * Stichopodidae Haeckel, 1896 – 9 genera * Synallactidae Ludwig, 1894 – 12 genera * Genus †'' Collbatothuria'' Smith & Gallemí, 1991 * Genus †'' Tribrachiodemas'' Reich, 2010 Image:Parastichopus californicus.jpg, '' Apostichopus californicus'' Image:Australostichopus mollis P1222859.JPG, ''Australostichopus mollis'' Image:Isostichopus badionotus.jpg, '' Isostichopus badionotus'' Image:Stichopus chloronotus Réunion.jpg, '' Stichopus chloronotus'' Image:Stichopus sp.png, ''Isostichopus fuscus'' Image:Thelenota anax.jpg, ''Thelenota anax ''Thelenota anax'' is a species of sea cucumber mostly found in the tro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holothuroidea
Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea (). They are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad. Sea cucumbers are found on the sea floor worldwide. The number of holothurian () species worldwide is about 1,717, with the greatest number being in the Asia-Pacific region. Many of these are gathered for human consumption and some species are cultivated in aquaculture systems. The harvested product is variously referred to as '' trepang'', ''namako'', ''bêche-de-mer'', or ''balate''. Sea cucumbers serve a useful role in the marine ecosystem as they help recycle nutrients, breaking down detritus and other organic matter, after which bacteria can continue the decomposition process. Like all echinoderms, sea cucumbers have an endoskeleton just below the skin, calcified structures that are usually reduced to isolated microscopic ossicles (or sclerietes) joined by connective tissue. In some species these can sometim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isostichopus Badionotus
''Isostichopus badionotus'', also known as the chocolate chip cucumber or the cookie dough sea cucumber, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Stichopodidae. This common species is found in warm parts of the Atlantic Ocean. Description This is a large species that can grow to a length of , but the average adult size is about .Steven W. Purcell, Yves Samyn and Chantal Conand, ''Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world'', Roma, FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes Nb. 6, 2012, 233 p. (). It has distinctive dark coloured "warts" in three coarse rows on its dorsal surface, the rest of the body may vary from white through to shades of orange to brown, with sometimes large brownish stains. The mouth is located ventrally and surrounded by about 20 large tentacles. Image:Isostichopus badionotus 2.jpg Image:Three-Rowed Sea Cucumber.jpg Habitat and range This species is widespread in the warm Atlantic, where found from North Carolina (USA), through the Caribbean, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isostichopus Fuscus
''Isostichopus fuscus'', commonly known as the brown sea cucumber, is a species of sea cucumber in the family Stichopodidae native to the eastern Pacific. It was first described to science by German biologist Hubert Ludwig in 1875. It has a thick dermis without any spikes, making it an easily edible species and thus it is harvested for export to East Asia, where sea cucumber is popular in some cuisines. The fishery is typically conducted in an unsustainable manner, mostly in North and South America, which has caused the populations to decline. The brown sea cucumber is classified by the IUCN as Endangered. Image:Seegurke-Galapagos-Champion.jpg Distribution and habitat This species is found in the Pacific Coast of Mexico, including the Gulf of California, and down through Central America to South America as far as the northern coast of Peru, as well as in eastern Pacific islands, including the Galápagos. They are found in shallow waters, roughly 0 to 40 m deep in rocky reefs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichopus Chloronotus
''Stichopus chloronotus'' is a species of sea cucumber. Common names include the greenfish sea cucumber, the spiky sea cucumber and the black knobby sea cucumber. It is native to the Indo-Pacific region. It has a wide range and is abundant and the IUCN lists it as being of "Least Concern". Description ''Stichopus chloronotus'' is a fairly large species growing to about with a firm but pliable body and a squarish cross section. The skin is smooth but there are numerous conical fleshy papillae in longitudinal rows, and these are larger on the lower lateral angles. This sea cucumber is a deep blackish-green in colour, and has yellow or red tips to the papillae. Image:Reef4315 - Flickr - NOAA Photo Library.jpg Image:Sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus (7669155166).jpg Image:Stichopus chloronotus1.jpg Image:Stichopus chloronotus Thailand.jpg, Some specimens can be blueish Distribution and habitat ''Stichopus chloronotus'' is native to the Indo-Pacific. Its range extends from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australostichopus Mollis
''Australostichopus'' is a genus of sea cucumbers in the family Stichopodidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species ''Australostichopus mollis'',Moraes,G., Norhcote, P.C., Kalinin,V.I. ,Avilov, S.A., Silchenko,A.S., Dmitrenok, P.S. 2004. Structure of the major triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber ''Stichopus mollis'' and evidence to reclassify this species into the new genus ''Australostichopus''. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 32 (7): 637–650. commonly known as the brown sea cucumber or Australasian sea cucumber. This species has stimulated interest for its fishery potential in the Southern Hemisphere,Stenton-Dozey, J. and Heath, P. 2009. A first for New Zealand: culturing our endemic sea cucumber for overseas markets. Water & Atmosphere .17(1). and for its capability to reduce waste produced by aquaculture. Despite its ecological role and abundance in New Zealand coastal waters, the scarcity of knowledge regarding ''A. mollis'' biology and e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giant California Sea Cucumber
The California sea cucumber (''Apostichopus californicus''), also known as the giant California sea cucumber, is a sea cucumber that can be found from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. It is found from the low intertidal zone to a depth of . They are most abundant in areas with moderate current with cobbles, boulders or bedrock. They are artisanally fished. Description The California sea cucumber can grow to a length of and a width of . It has a soft, cylindrical body, with red-brown to yellowish leathery skin. It has an endoskeleton just below the skin. The mouth and anus are on opposite ends of the body. The mouth is surrounded by twenty retractable tentacles that are used to bring food in. Five rows of tube feet extend from the mouth to the anus. They use their tube feet located on the underside of their body to attach themselves to rocks. Feeding The California sea cucumber is a scavenger that feeds on organic matter. They feed by sifting through sediments with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stichopodidae
The Stichopodidae are a family of sea cucumbers, part of the order Synallactida. Description Members of this family are mostly large or medium-sized holothuroids with a squarish cross-section, a flat ventral surface, and large, fleshy, cone-shaped projections. Their mouths are surrounded by 20 peltate tentacles. They are usually found on soft substrates, such as sand or rubble. Genera List of genera according to the World Register of Marine Species: * genus '' Apostichopus'' Liao, 1980 (8 species, North Pacific) * genus '' Astichopus'' Clark, 1922 (1 species, Caribbean) * genus '' Australostichopus'' Levin in Moraes et al., 2004 (1 species, New Zealand and southern Australia) * genus '' Eostichopus'' Cutress & Miller, 1982 (1 species, Caribbean) * genus '' Isostichopus'' Deichmann, 1958 (3 species, warm East Pacific and Atlantic) * genus '' Neostichopus'' Deichmann, 1948 (1 species, South Africa) * genus '' Parastichopus'' Clark, 1922 (2 species, Atlantic and North Pacific) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synallactidae
The Synallactidae are a family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ... of sea cucumbers, part of the order Synallactida. Genera * '' Allopatides'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * '' Amphigymnas'' Walsh, 1891 * '' Bathyplotes'' Östergren, 1896 * '' Capheira'' Ludwig, 1893 * '' Dendrothuria'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * '' Galatheathuria'' Hansen & Madsen, 1956 * '' Paelopatides'' Théel, 1886 * '' Pseudothuria'' Koehler & Vaney, 1905 * '' Scotothuria'' Hansen, 1978 * '' Synallactes'' Ludwig, 1894 References Synallactida Echinoderm families {{Holothuroidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deimatidae
Deimatidae is a family of sea cucumbers belonging to the clade Synallactida. Genera The following genera are recognised in the family Deimatidae: * ''Deima The Deyma (russian: link=no, Дейма; german: link=no, Deime; lt, link=no, Deimena) is a river in Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. It separates from the Pregolya at Gvardeysk, flows through Polessk, and ends at the Curonian Lagoon. The Polessk Cana ...'' Théel, 1879 * '' Oneirophanta'' Théel, 1879 * '' Orphnurgus'' Théel, 1879 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3469529 Synallactida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
