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Armenian Women
Women in Armenia have had equal rights, including the right to vote, since the establishment of the First Republic of Armenia. On June 21 and 23, 1919, the first direct parliamentary elections were held in Armenia under universal suffrage - every person over the age of 20 had the right to vote regardless of gender, ethnicity or religious beliefs. The 80-seat legislature, charged with setting the foundation for an Armenian state, contained three women deputies: Katarine Zalyan-Manukyan, Perchuhi Partizpanyan-Barseghyan and Varvara Sahakyan. The constitution of the current Republic of Armenia was adopted in 1991 and officially guarantees gender equality. This has enabled women to actively participate in all spheres of Armenian life. Armenian women have attained prominence in entertainment, politics and other fields. Work and business According to the 2011 Grant Thornton International business survey, 29% of top-level managerial positions in Armenia were occupied by women in 2010. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Julfa
New Julfa ( fa, نو جلفا – ''Now Jolfā'', – ''Jolfâ-ye Now''; hy, Նոր Ջուղա – ''Nor Jugha'') is the Armenian quarter of Isfahan, Iran, located along the south bank of the Zayande River. Established and named after the older city of Julfa (''Jugha''), Nakhchivan in the early 17th century, it is still one of the oldest and largest Armenian quarters in the world ( hy). History New Julfa was established in 1606 as an Armenian quarter by the edict of Shah Abbas I from the Safavid dynasty. Over 150,000 Armenians were forcibly moved there from Old Julfa (also known as ''Jugha'' or ''Juła'') in Nakhchivan ( hy) ( hy). Iranian sources state that the Armenians came to Iran fleeing the Ottoman Empire's persecution. Nevertheless, historical records indicate that the residents of Julfa were treated well by Shah Abbas in the hopes that their resettlement in Isfahan would be beneficial to Iran due to their knowledge of the silk trade ( hy).Sushil Chaudhuri and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gynecological
Gynaecology or gynecology (see spelling differences) is the area of medicine that involves the treatment of women's diseases, especially those of the reproductive organs. It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, forming the combined area of obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN). The term comes from Greek and means "the science of women". Its counterpart is andrology, which deals with medical issues specific to the male reproductive system. Etymology The word "gynaecology" comes from the oblique stem (γυναικ-) of the Greek word γυνή (''gyne)'' semantically attached to "woman", and ''-logia'', with the semantic attachment "study". The word gynaecology in Kurdish means "jinekolojî", separated word as "jin-ekolojî", so the Kurdish "jin" called like "gyn" and means in Kurdish "woman". History Antiquity The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus, dated to about 1800 BC, deals with gynaecological diseases, fertility, pregnancy, contraception, etc. The text is divided into th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sylvia Kaputikyan
Silva Kaputikyan ( hy, ) (20 January 1919 – 25 August 2006) was an Armenian poet and political activist. One of the best-known Armenian writers of the twentieth century, she is recognized as "the leading poetess of Armenia" and "the grand lady of twentieth century Armenian poetry". Although a member of the Communist Party, she was a noted advocate of Armenian national causes. Her first collection of poems were published in the mid-1940s. By the 1950s she had established herself as a significant literary figure in Soviet Armenia. Besides Armenian she also wrote in Russian and many of her works were translated to other languages. In the later Soviet period she frequently addressed political and other issues. Biography Background and early life Born Sirvard Kaputikyan on 20 January 1919 to parents from the historically Armenian-populated city of Van (in the historic Western Armenia, present-day Turkey), she was raised in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia. Her father, Barun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shushanik Kurghinian
Shushanik Kurghinian ( hy, Շուշանիկ Կուրղինյան; Popoljian; 18 August 1876 – 24 November 1927) was an Armenian writer who became a catalyst in the development of socialist and feminist poetry. She is described as having "given a voice to the voiceless" and herself saw her role as a poet as "profoundly political". Her first poem was published in 1899 in ''Taraz'', and in 1900 her first short story appeared in the journal ''Aghbyur''. After founding the first Hunchakian women's political group in Alexandropol, Kurghinian fled to Rostov on Don in order to escape arrests of the tsarist regime. Her first volume of poetry, ''Ringing of the Dawn'', was published in 1907, and one of her poems from this volume, "The Eagle's Love," was translated and included in Alice Stone Blackwell's second anthology ''Armenian Poems: Rendered into English Verse'' (1917). After the Russian Revolution, in 1921 she returned to NEP-era Soviet Armenia where she lived until her death. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zabel Yesayan
Zabel Yesayan (Armenian: Զապէլ Եսայեան; 4 February 1878 – 1943) was a prominent figure in the Armenian academic and political community during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Zabel Yesayan's books, articles, and speeches cover a range of topics such as the Adana Massacre, Armenian Genocide, and commentary on the status of Armenian women. Yesayan also worked as a translator in France as well as a professor during her later years as an academic. Her novels and articles contributed to understanding the persecution of Turkish Armenians, the after effect of World War I, and women's roles and rights in the Ottoman and Armenian communities. Biography Zabel Hovannessian, daughter of Mkrtich Hovannessian, was born on the night of February 4, 1878, in the Silahdar neighborhood of Scutari, Istanbul, during the height of the Russo-Turkish War. She attended Holy Cross (Ս. Խաչ) elementary school and graduated in 1892. Student in Paris In 1895 she was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zabel Sibil Asadour
Zabel Asadour ( hy, Զապէլ Ասատուր) better known by her literary pseudonym Sibil ( hy, Սիպիլ) was born as Zabel Khanjian ( hy, Զապէլ Խանճեան), July 23, 1863 in Üsküdar district, İstanbul - June 19, 1934), was a famous Ottoman Armenian poet, writer, publisher, educator and philanthropist. Biography She was educated at the Üsküdar in Constantinople where she graduated in 1879. She was one of the founders of the (Ազգանուէր հայուհեաց ընկերութիւն), an organization that supported the construction, maintenance, and operation of Armenian girl schools throughout the Armenian populated districts of the Ottoman Empire. She taught in the provinces and then in Constantinople. In 1879, she wrote the textbook ''Practical Grammar for Contemporary Modern Armenian'' (Գործնական քերականութիւն արդի աշխարհաբարի), a classical grammar book that has been revised and republished many times with help of her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beirut
Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coast. Beirut has been inhabited for more than 5,000 years, and was one of Phoenicia's most prominent city states, making it one of the oldest cities in the world (see Berytus). The first historical mention of Beirut is found in the Amarna letters from the New Kingdom of Egypt, which date to the 14th century BC. Beirut is Lebanon's seat of government and plays a central role in the Lebanese economy, with many banks and corporations based in the city. Beirut is an important seaport for the country and region, and rated a Beta + World City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Beirut was severely damaged by the Lebanese Civil War, the 2006 Lebanon War, and the 2020 massive explosion in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Srpouhi Dussap
Srpouhi Dussap (Armenian: Սրբուհի Տիւսաբ; 1840–1901) was an Armenian feminist writer and the first female Armenian novelist. She was the sister of famed Ottoman Armenian politician Hovhannes Vahanian. Biography Dussap was born as Srpouhi Vahanian in the Ortakoy district of Constantinople to a prosperous upper-class Armenian Catholic family. At the time, wealthy families regularly imitated the trends and customs of Western European, primarily French society. The young Dussap, being educated in Western European institutions, showed little interest in the Armenian language. However, after being tutored by the Armenian poet Mkrtich Beshiktashlian, Dussap began to show a deep affection for the language as well as her heritage. Her first creative writing attempts were written in classical Armenian. Dussap was married to a French musician, Paul Dussap, with whom she ran a European style salon where the city's prominent intellectuals, liberals, writers and activis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syunik (historic Province)
Syunik ( hy, Սիւնիք, translit=Siwnik') was a region of historical Armenia and the ninth province (') of the Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Armenia from 189 BC until 428 AD. From the 7th to 9th centuries, it fell under Arab control. In 821, it formed two Armenian principalities: Kingdom of Syunik and principality of Khachen, which around the year 1000 was proclaimed the Kingdom of Artsakh, becoming one of the last medieval Eastern Armenia, eastern Armenian kingdoms and principalities to maintain its autonomy following the Turkic invasions of the 11th to 14th centuries.Hewsen. ''Armenia'', pp. 118-121. Name The name Syunik is ancient and appears in the earliest Armenian written sources. ', a later name for the province of Iranian languages, Iranian origin, first appears in the 6th-century Syriac language, Syriac chronicle of Pseudo-Zacharias Rhetor, Pseudo-Zacharias; it is first mentioned in Armenian sources in the history of Movses Khorenatsi, who explains this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahakdukht
Sahakdukht ( hy, Սահակադուխտ, ; ) was an Armenian hymnographer, poet and pedagogue who lived during the early 8th century. She is the first known woman of Armenian literature and music. Along with her slightly later contemporary Khosrovidukht, she is among the earliest woman composers in history. Sahakdukht and her brother , who became a noted composer and music theorist, were educated in Dvin. She then spent her life as an ascetic, living in a cave (a grotto) of the Garni valley where she wrote and taught music. Though she is said to have written much Christian music, particularly for the Virgin Mary, only a single ''šarakan'' survives, the acrostic "Srbuhi Mariam" ("Saint Mary"). The work shows considerable stylistic connections to contemporaneous Byzantine theotokions and kanons. Though her piece did not join the general ''šarakan'' liturgy, Sahakdukht's ''oeuvre'' as a whole is thought to have exerted considerable influence on subsequent ''šarakan''s; they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goghtn
Goght'n ( hy, Գողթն; also mentioned in sources as Goght'an, Գողթան, and spelled Gołt'n by modern scholars) was a canton (''gavaṛ'') located in the province of Vaspurakan in historical Armenia. Its borders roughly corresponded to the modern Ordubad Rayon of Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan. Goght'n was well known for winemaking, the quality of its grape and fruit orchards. The region also was the birthplace of a number of prominent Armenian ''gusans'' (minstrels). The ancestors of the renowned twentieth-century Armenian composer and music ethnologist Komitas Vardapet were originally from Goght'n. Some of the region's oldest towns and villages have survived to this day, including Jugha (now Julfa) and Ordvat' (modern-day Ordubad). History Early to medieval According to Movses Khorenatsi, King Tigran Ervanduni (of the Orontid line) of Armenia, settled his wife and his daughters in an area to the east of ( Ararat) and up to Goght'n, in Tambat, Oskiokh, Djaghguyn and other se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khosrovidukht
Khosrovidukht ( hy, Խոսրովիդուխտ, ; ) was an Armenian hymnographer and poet who lived during the early 8th century. After her slightly earlier contemporary Sahakdukht, she is the first known woman of Armenian literature and music, and among the earliest woman composers in the history of music. Daughter of the king of Goghtn, , her father was killed and she was imprisoned in a Fortification, fortress of Ani-Kamakh (modern-day Kemah, Erzincan, Kemah) for twenty years. Her brother was imprisoned and eventually killed; Khosrovidukht's only surviving work, the Armenian chant, ''šarakan'' "Zarmanali e Ints" ("More astonishing to me") was dedicated to him. Its authenticity has occasionally been doubted, with some scholars attributing it to Sahakdukht. The work did not enter the general repertory of ''šarakan'' liturgy but was eventually approved by the Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian Church for religious use. Life Extremely little is known about Khosrovidukht, also s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
