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Argument Interchange Format
The Argument Interchange Format (AIF) is an international effort to develop a representational mechanism for exchanging argument resources between research groups, tools, and domains using a semantically rich language. AIF traces its history back to a 2005 colloquium in Budapest. The result of the work in Budapest was first published as a draft description in 2006.Chesnevar, Carlos, Sanjay Modgil, Iyad Rahwan, Chris Reed, Guillermo Simari, Matthew South, Gerard Vreeswijk, and Steven Willmott. "Towards an argument interchange format." The knowledge engineering review 21, no. 4 (2006): 293-316. Building on this foundation, further work then used the AIF to build foundations for the Argument Web. AIF-RDF is the extended ontology represented in the RDF Schema, Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS) semantic language. The Argument Interchange Format introduces a small set of ontological concepts that aim to capture a common understanding of argument -- one that works in multiple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argument Web
The Argument Web is a large-scale Web of interconnected argument, arguments created by individuals as they express their opinions and interact with the opinions of others.Rahwan, Iyad, Fouad Zablith, and Chris Reed. "Laying the foundations for a world wide argument web." Artificial intelligence 171, no. 10-15 (2007): 897-921. The Argument Web aims to make online debate intuitive for participants such as mediation, mediators, students, Academic staff, academics, broadcasting, broadcasters and blog, bloggers, to create a Web infrastructure that allows for the storage, automatic retrieval and analysis of linked data, linked argument data, and to improve the quality of online argument and debate.Bex, Floris, John Lawrence, Mark Snaith, and Chris Reed. "Implementing the argument web." Communications of the ACM 56, no. 10 (2013): 66-73. The Argument Web can be described as a portion of a larger Semantic Web.Rahwan, Iyad. "Mass argumentation and the semantic web." Web Semantics: Science, Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RDF Schema
RDF Schema (Resource Description Framework Schema, variously abbreviated as RDFS, , RDF-S, or RDF/S) is a set of classes with certain properties using the RDF extensible knowledge representation data model, providing basic elements for the description of ontologies. It uses various forms of RDF vocabularies, intended to structure RDF resources. RDF and RDFS can be saved in a triplestore, then one can extract some knowledge from them using a query language, like SPARQL. The first version was published by the World-Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in April 1998, and the final W3C recommendation was released in February 2014. Many RDFS components are included in the more expressive Web Ontology Language (OWL). Terminology RDFS constructs are the RDFS classes, associated properties and utility properties built on the vocabulary of RDF. Classes ; : Represents the class of everything. All things described by RDF are resources. ; : An ''rdfs:Class'' declares a resource as a class for ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reification (knowledge Representation)
Reification in knowledge representation is the process of turning a predicate or statement into an addressable object. Reification allows the representation of assertions so that they can be referred to or qualified by ''other'' assertions, i.e., meta-knowledge. The message "John is six feet tall" is an assertion involving truth that commits the speaker to its factuality, whereas the reified statement "Mary reports that John is six feet tall" defers such commitment to Mary. In this way, the statements can be incompatible without creating contradictions in reasoning. For example, the statements "John is six feet tall" and "John is five feet tall" are mutually exclusive (and thus incompatible), but the statements "Mary reports that John is six feet tall" and "Paul reports that John is five feet tall" are not incompatible, as they are both governed by a conclusive rationale that either Mary or Paul is (or both are), in fact, incorrect. In linguistics, reporting, telling, and saying a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argument Map
An argument map or argument diagram is a visual representation of the structure of an argument. An argument map typically includes the key components of the argument, traditionally called the '' conclusion'' and the ''premises'', also called ''contention'' and ''reasons''. Argument maps can also show co-premises, objections, counterarguments, rebuttals, and lemmas. There are different styles of argument map but they are often functionally equivalent and represent an argument's individual claims and the relationships between them. Argument maps are commonly used in the context of teaching and applying critical thinking. The purpose of mapping is to uncover the logical structure of arguments, identify unstated assumptions, evaluate the support an argument offers for a conclusion, and aid understanding of debates. Argument maps are often designed to support deliberation of issues, ideas and arguments in wicked problems. An argument map is not to be confused with a concept map or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
