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André Muhirwa
André Muhirwa (1920–2003) was a Burundian politician as a member of the Union for National Progress (''Union pour le Progrès national'', UPRONA) and the third Prime Minister of Burundi from 19 October 1961 to 7 June 1963. His term coincided with Burundi's independence. Early life André Muhirwa was born in 1920 in Murete, Ruanda-Urundi. He was the son of Mbanzabugabo, a prominent chief. He belonged to the Batare lineage of the Ganwa ethnicity. Following the death of his father in 1930 and his protests over the former's appointed successor, the Belgian Residency forced him into exile with his brothers in Tanganyika. Muhirwa and his brothers returned to Burundi in late 1931. With the assistance of a Catholic priest, he studied at the Groupe Scolaire de Astrida, graduating in 1942. From then until 1944 he served as a clerk in the Bururi District Office. Political career In 1944 Muhirwa was granted the small chiefdom of Buhumuza in the Ruyigi territory. The chiefdom was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Burundi
This article lists the prime ministers of Burundi since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Burundi in 1961 until the present day. The office of prime minister was most recently abolished in 1998, and reinstated in 2020 with the appointment of Alain-Guillaume Bunyoni. Counting both the Kingdom of Burundi, Kingdom and Republic periods, a total of sixteen people have served as prime minister, and one has served as acting prime minister. Additionally, two people, Pierre Ngendandumwe and Albin Nyamoya, served on two non-consecutive occasions. Key ;''Political parties'' * * * ;''Other factions'' * ;''Status'' * List of officeholders Prime ministers of the Kingdom of Burundi Prime ministers of the Republic of Burundi Timeline See also * Politics of Burundi * List of kings of Burundi * President of Burundi ** List of presidents of Burundi * Vice-President of Burundi * List of colonial governors of Ruanda-Urundi ** List of colonial residents of Burundi Notes Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mwami
''Mwami'' () is an honorific title common in parts of Central and East Africa. The title means ''chief'' or ''tribal chief'' in several Bantu languages. It was historically used by kings in several African nations, and is still used for traditional kings or rulers of regions within several African nation-states. Tribal chief In several Bantu languages − including Kirundi, Kinyarwanda, Nande, Lega, Luhya, and Chitonga − the word ''mwami'' means "tribal chief". It is used as a title for the leader of tribal societies or chiefdoms in areas where those languages are spoken. In addition, ''mwami'' means either "chief" or "husband" in Luganda. It is used as a title for administrative chief in Luganda-speaking chiefdoms around the African Great Lakes region, though it can also be used as a general honorific for men, similar to English ''Mr.'' Traditional chiefs of the Lenje and the Ila people of Zambia, and the Tonga people of Zambia and Zimbabwe also use the honorific. Etymo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Motion Of No Confidence
A motion of no confidence, also variously called a vote of no confidence, no-confidence motion, motion of confidence, or vote of confidence, is a statement or vote about whether a person in a position of responsibility like in government or management is still deemed fit to hold that position, such as because they are inadequate in some aspect, fail to carry out their obligations, or make decisions that other members feel to be detrimental. The parliamentary motion demonstrates to the head of government that the elected Parliament either has or no longer has confidence in one or more members of the appointed government. In some countries, a no-confidence motion being passed against an individual minister requires the minister to resign. In most cases, if the minister in question is the premier, all other ministers must also resign. A censure motion is different from a no-confidence motion. Depending on the constitution of the body concerned, "no confidence" may lead to the dism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thaddée Siryuyumunsi
Thaddée Siryuyumunsi was a Burundian politician who served as President of the National Assembly from 1961 to 1965. Early life Ethnically, Siryuyumunsi was Tutsi-Hima. He was educated at the Groupe Scolaire de Astrida. He subsequently worked for the Belgian Residency of Urundi, served as the private secretary of Mwami Mwambutsa IV, and headed the Nyabikere chiefdom. Political career Siryuyumunsi became an active supporter of Louis Rwagasore and his political party, the Union for National Progress (''Union pour le Progrès national'', UPRONA). On 18 September 1961 national elections were held in Burundi to determine the composition of the new Legislative Assembly. UPRONA secured an overwhelming majority, and Siryuyumunsi was elected to a seat from the Karuzi constituency. On 28 September Siryuyumunsi was elected President of the Legislative Assembly. During his parliamentary tenure he remained closely affiliated to the Mwami. On 13 October 1961 Prime Minister Rwagasore was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claver Nuwinkware
Pierre-Claver Nuwinkware (Kirundi: Petro Claveri Nuwinkware; died 1972) was a Burundian politician. Early life Pierre-Claver Nuwinkware was ethnically Hutu. He was educated in Catholic schools. Political career Nuwinkware was a member of the Union for National Progress (''Union pour le Progrès national''). In September 1961 Louis Rwagasore became Prime Minister of Burundi and formed a government with Nuwinkware as Minister of Justice. Following Rwagasore's assassination, André Muhirwa became Prime Minister. Politically, Muhirwa worked to prevent Hutus from gaining influence in government. Nevertheless, Nuwinkware remained a loyal member of his cabinet. He signed the promulgation order of the 1962 Constitution of the Kingdom of Burundi along with Mwami Mwambutsa IV and Muhirwa. Mwambutsa attempted to intervene in national politics to temper ethnic and political divides, but Nuwinkware resisted this, garnering the Mwami's ire. In late February 1963 Hutu political leader Paul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of The Kingdom Of Burundi
; rn, Ishimikiro ry'Ingoma y'i Burundi) , jurisdiction = Kingdom of Burundi , image = Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Burundi.svg , image_size = 75 , caption = Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Burundi , date_effective = 16 October 1962 , date_repealed = 8 July 1966 , system = Constitutional monarchy , chambers = Bicameral , executive = Mwami , courts = , citation = , commissioned = , writer = , signers = Mwambutsa IV, André Muhirwa, Claver Nuwinkware The Definitive Constitution of the Kingdom of Burundi (french: Constitution Définitive du Royaume du Burundi; rn, Ishimikiro ry'Ingoma y'i Burundi), sometimes called the "independence constitution", was the constitution of the independent Kingdom of Burundi from its promulgation in 1962 until its suspension in 1966. Background From 1919 to 1962 Burundi was g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Broadcast Information Service
The Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) was an open source intelligence component of the Central Intelligence Agency's Directorate of Science and Technology. It monitored, translated, and disseminated within the U.S. government openly available news and information from media sources outside the United States. Its headquarters was in Rosslyn, later Reston, Virginia, and it maintained approximately 20 monitoring stations worldwide. In November 2005, it was announced that FBIS would become the newly formed Open Source Center, tasked with the collection and analysis of publicly available intelligence. History On 26 February 1941, President Roosevelt directed that $150,000 be allocated for creation of the Foreign Broadcast Monitoring Service (FBMS) under the authority of the Federal Communications Commission. The mandate of the FBMS was to record, translate, transcribe and analyze shortwave propaganda radio programs that were being beamed at the United States by the Axis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Burundi
The Kingdom of Burundi (french: Royaume du Burundi) or Kingdom of Urundi (''Royaume d'Urundi'') was a Bantu kingdom in the modern-day Republic of Burundi. The Ganwa monarchs (with the title of ''mwami'') ruled over both Hutus and Tutsis. Created in the 17th century, the kingdom was preserved under European colonial rule in the late 19th and early 20th century and was an independent state between 1962 and 1966. History Early history and German domination The date of the foundation of the Kingdom of Burundi is unknown, and the exact context of the state's foundation are disputed. The region was originally inhabited by Twa hunter-gatherers before the influx of Bantu farmers from about the 11th century. The Kingdom of Burundi was probably founded in the 16th or 17th century when pastoralists entered the area. The pastoralists arrived in waves and initially founded a number of small kingdoms, exploiting the lack of unity among the already settled farmers. After gaining control over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Headquarters
The United Nations is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, United States, and the complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1951. It is in the Turtle Bay, Manhattan, Turtle Bay neighborhood of Manhattan, on of grounds overlooking the East River. Its borders are First Avenue (Manhattan), First Avenue on the west, 42nd Street (Manhattan), East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north, and the East River to the east. The complex consists of several structures, including the United Nations Secretariat Building, Secretariat, United Nations Conference Building, Conference, and United Nations General Assembly Building, General Assembly buildings and the Dag Hammarskjöld Library. The complex was designed by a board of architects led by Wallace Harrison and built by the architectural firm Harrison & Abramovitz, with final projects developed by Oscar Niemeyer and Le Corbusier. The term ''Turtle Bay'' is occasio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Trusteeship Council
The United Nations Trusteeship Council (french: links=no, Conseil de tutelle des Nations unies) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, established to help ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their inhabitants and of international peace and security. The trust territories—most of them former mandates of the League of Nations or territories taken from nations defeated at the end of World War II—have all now attained self-government or independence, either as separate nations or by joining neighbouring independent countries. The last was Palau, formerly part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, which became a member state of the United Nations in December 1994. History Provisions to form a new UN agency to oversee the decolonization of dependent territories from colonial times were made at the San Francisco Conference in 1945 and were specified Chapter 12 of the Charter of the United Nations. Those dependent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western World
The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to the various nations and state (polity), states in the regions of Europe, North America, and Oceania.Western Civilization Our Tradition; James Kurth; accessed 30 August 2011 The Western world is also known as the Occident (from the Latin word ''occidēns'' "setting down, sunset, west") in contrast to the Eastern world known as the Orient (from the Latin word ''oriēns'' "origin, sunrise, east"). Following the Discovery of America in 1492, the West came to be known as the "world of business" and trade; and might also mean the Northern half of the North–South divide, the countries of the ''Global North'' (often equated with capitalist Developed country, developed countries). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Mirerekano
Paul Mirerekano (1921 – October 1965) was a Burundian politician. Ethnically Hutu, he worked as an agronomist for the Belgian colonial administration in Ruanda-Urundi before starting a successful market garden in Bugarama. Politically, he was a nationalist, monarchist, and advocate for Hutu civil rights. He was a leading member of Louis Rwagasore's political party, the Union for National Progress (UPRONA), and in 1961 served as the organisation's interim president. Rwagasore's assassination in 1961 fueled a rivalry between Mirerekano and Prime Minister André Muhirwa, as both men claimed to be the heirs to Rwagasore's legacy and sought to take control of UPRONA. The controversy led to the coalescing of two factions in the party, with Mirerekano leading what became known as the Hutu-dominated "Monrovia group". His criticism of Muhirwa and his successor led him to be arrested on several occasions, but in 1965 he was elected to a seat in the National Assembly representing the Bujum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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