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Andrew N. Schofield
Andrew Noel Schofield FRS FREng (born 1 November 1930) is a British soil mechanics engineer and an emeritus professor of geotechnical engineering at the University of Cambridge. Life Schofield was born on 1 November 1930, the son of Rev John Noel Schofield and Winifred Jane Mary Eyles in Cambridge, England. He married Margaret Eileen Green in 1961. He retired from Cambridge University in 1997. Career Andrew Schofield studied engineering and graduated from Christ's College, Cambridge in 1951. He then worked in the Nyasaland Protectorate, Africa (now Malawi) office of Scott and Wilson Ltd. where he performed research on lateritic soils and low cost road construction. He returned to Cambridge University to work with Professor Kenneth H. Roscoe on his PhD, which he completed in 1961. He became an Assistant Lecturer in 1961 and a Fulbright Fellow and a California Institute of Technology Fellow in 1963/4. He was elected Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge in 1964. He was elected as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soil Mechanics
Soil mechanics is a branch of soil physics and applied mechanics that describes the behavior of soils. It differs from fluid mechanics and solid mechanics in the sense that soils consist of a heterogeneous mixture of fluids (usually air and water) and particles (usually clay, silt, sand, and gravel) but soil may also contain organic solids and other matter.Mitchell, J.K., and Soga, K. (2005) Fundamentals of soil behavior, Third edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., .Powrie, W., Spon Press, 2004, ''Soil Mechanics – 2nd ed'' A Guide to Soil Mechanics, Bolton, Malcolm, Macmillan Press, 1979. Along with rock mechanics, soil mechanics provides the theoretical basis for analysis in geotechnical engineering, a subdiscipline of civil engineering, and engineering geology, a subdiscipline of geology. Soil mechanics is used to analyze the deformations of and flow of fluids within natural and man-made structures that are supported on or made of soil, or structures that are buried in soils.L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christ's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college includes the Master, the Fellows of the College, and about 450 undergraduate and 170 graduate students. The college was founded by William Byngham in 1437 as God's House. In 1505, the college was granted a new royal charter, was given a substantial endowment by Lady Margaret Beaufort, and changed its name to Christ's College, becoming the twelfth of the Cambridge colleges to be founded in its current form. Alumni of the college include some of Cambridge University’s most famous members, including Charles Darwin and John Milton. Within Cambridge, Christ's has a reputation for high academic standards. It has averaged 1st place on the Tompkins Table from 1980 to 2006 and third place from 2006 to 2013, returning to first place in 2018, 2019 and 2022. Simon McDonald is the college's current Master. Robert Evans is the chaplain; he was ordained in the Church of England. History Christ's Colleg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Civil Engineers
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom or, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *''Brit(ish)'', a 2018 memoir by Afua Hirsch *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) See also * Terminology of the British Isles * Alternative names for the British * English (other) * Britannic (other) * British Isles * Brit (other) * Briton (d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phillip Turner (engineer)
Philip or Phil Turner may refer to: * Philip Turner (writer) (1925–2006), English writer * Philip J. Turner, architect and educator * Phillip Turner (diplomat) (born 1960), New Zealand Ambassador to Korea (2018-present) * Phil Turner (footballer, born 1962) Philip Turner (born 12 February 1962) is an English retired footballer. Turner, a central midfielder, began his career at Lincoln City with whom he won promotion to the Third Division in 1981 under Colin Murphy, and formed midfield partnership ..., English football player * Phil Turner (footballer, born 1927), English football inside forward {{hndis, Turner, Philip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Engineering Department
The University of Cambridge Department of Engineering is the largest department at the University of Cambridge and one of the leading centres of engineering in the world. The department's aim is to address the world's most pressing challenges with science and technology. To achieve this aim, the department collaborates with other disciplines, institutions, companies and entrepreneurs and adopts an integrated approach to research and teaching. The main site is situated at Trumpington Street, to the south of the city centre of Cambridge. The department is the primary centre for engineering teaching and research activities in Cambridge. The department is currently headed by Richard Prager. History In 1782, the Reverend Richard Jackson of Torrington, former fellow of Trinity College, died leaving a substantial portion of his estate to endow a Professorship of Natural Experimental Philosophy. This became forerunner to the Professorship of Mechanism and Applied Mechanics, first held in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geotechnical Centrifuge
Geotechnical engineering is the branch of civil engineering concerned with the engineering behavior of earth materials. It uses the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics for the solution of its respective engineering problems. It also relies on knowledge of geology, hydrology, geophysics, and other related sciences. Geotechnical (rock) engineering is a subdiscipline of geological engineering. In addition to civil engineering, geotechnical engineering also has applications in military, mining, petroleum, coastal engineering, and offshore construction. The fields of geotechnical engineering and engineering geology have knowledge areas that overlap, however, while geotechnical engineering is a specialty of civil engineering, engineering geology is a specialty of geology: They share the same principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics, but differ in the application. History Humans have historically used soil as a material for flood control, irrigation purposes, buria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national republics; in practice, both its government and its economy were highly centralized until its final years. It was a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with the city of Moscow serving as its capital as well as that of its largest and most populous republic: the Russian SFSR. Other major cities included Leningrad (Russian SFSR), Kiev ( Ukrainian SSR), Minsk ( Byelorussian SSR), Tashkent (Uzbek SSR), Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR), and Novosibirsk (Russian SFSR). It was the largest country in the world, covering over and spanning eleven time zones. The country's roots lay in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geotechnical Centrifuge Modeling
Geotechnical centrifuge modeling is a technique for testing physical scale models of geotechnical engineering systems such as natural and man-made slopes and earth retaining structures and building or bridge foundations. The scale model is typically constructed in the laboratory and then loaded onto the end of the centrifuge, which is typically between in radius. The purpose of spinning the models on the centrifuge is to increase the g-forces on the model so that stresses in the model are equal to stresses in the prototype. For example, the stress beneath a layer of model soil spun at a centrifugal acceleration of 50 g produces stresses equivalent to those beneath a prototype layer of soil in earth's gravity. The idea to use centrifugal acceleration to simulate increased gravitational acceleration was first proposed by Phillips (1869). Pokrovsky and Fedorov (1936) in the Soviet Union and Bucky (1931) in the United States were the first to implement the idea. Andrew N. Scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutive Model
In physics and engineering, a constitutive equation or constitutive relation is a relation between two physical quantities (especially Kinetics (physics), kinetic quantities as related to Kinematics, kinematic quantities) that is specific to a material or Matter, substance, and approximates the response of that material to external stimuli, usually as applied field (physics), fields or forces. They are combined with other equations governing physical laws to solve physical problems; for example in fluid mechanics the Pipe flow, flow of a fluid in a pipe, in solid state physics the response of a crystal to an electric field, or in structural analysis, the connection between applied stress (physics), stresses or Structural load, loads to Strain (materials science), strains or Deformation (engineering), deformations. Some constitutive equations are simply Empirical relationship, phenomenological; others are derived from first principles. A common approximate constitutive equation fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Critical State Soil Mechanics
Critical state soil mechanics is the area of soil mechanics that encompasses the conceptual models that represent the mechanical behavior of saturated remolded soils based on the ''Critical State'' concept. Formulation The Critical State concept is an idealization of the observed behavior of saturated remoulded clays in triaxial compression tests, and it is assumed to apply to undisturbed soils. It states that soils and other granular materials, if continuously distorted (sheared) until they flow as a frictional fluid, will come into a well-defined critical state. At the onset of the critical state, shear distortions \ \varepsilon_s occur without any further changes in mean effective stress \ p', deviatoric stress \ q (or yield stress, \ \sigma_y, in uniaxial tension according to the von Mises yielding criterion), or specific volume \ \nu: :\ \frac=\frac=\frac=0 where, :\ \nu=1+e :\ p'=\frac(\sigma_1'+\sigma_2'+\sigma_3') :\ q= \sqrt However, for triaxial conditions \ \sigma_2'= ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasticity Theory
Flow plasticity is a solid mechanics theory that is used to describe the plastic behavior of materials. Flow plasticity theories are characterized by the assumption that a flow rule exists that can be used to determine the amount of plastic deformation in the material. In flow plasticity theories it is assumed that the total strain in a body can be decomposed additively (or multiplicatively) into an elastic part and a plastic part. The elastic part of the strain can be computed from a linear elastic or hyperelastic constitutive model. However, determination of the plastic part of the strain requires a flow rule and a hardening model. Small deformation theory Typical flow plasticity theories for unidirectional loading (for small deformation perfect plasticity or hardening plasticity) are developed on the basis of the following requirements: # The material has a linear elastic range. # The material has an elastic limit defined as the stress at which plastic deformation f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Peter Wroth
Charles Peter Wroth (1929–1991) was a British civil engineer, a world pioneer in geotechnical engineering and soil mechanics. He led the design and construction of the Hammersmith flyover. Education Wroth was educated at Marlborough College and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he studied Engineering and carried out research in Soil Mechanics under Kenneth H. Roscoe, leading to the award of a PhD degree in 1958 with his thesis titled "The behaviour of soils and other granular media when subjected to shear". He served as Professor at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. He also served as Master of Emmanuel College for a brief period prior to his death. Academic recognition He delivered the 24th Rankine Lecture, titled "The interpretation of in situ soil tests". Sport Wroth played county cricket at amateur level, playing minor counties cricket for Devon from 1947–50, and later for Cambridgeshire in 1962. He also played international hockey for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
