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Altona Bloody Sunday
Altona Bloody Sunday (german: Altonaer Blutsonntag) is the name given to the events of 17 July 1932 when a recruitment march by the Nazi SA led to violent clashes between the police, the SA and supporters of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) in Altona, which at the time belonged to the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein but is now part of Hamburg. Eighteen people were killed. The national government under Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen and Reich President Paul von Hindenburg used the incident as a rationale to depose the acting government of the Free State of Prussia by means of an emergency decree in what came to be known as the Prussian coup d'état of 20 July 1932. Background On 16 June 1932 the Papen government, in order to show its gratitude to the National Socialists for tolerating their minority cabinet, lifted the ban on the SS and SA that had been issued by the government of Reich Chancellor Heinrich Brüning in April 1932. This led to a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altona, Hamburg
Altona (), also called Hamburg-Altona, is the westernmost urban borough (''Bezirk'') of the German city state of Hamburg, on the right bank of the Elbe river. From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent borough until 1937. In 2016 the population was 270,263. History Altona was founded in 1535 as a village of fishermen in what was then Holstein-Pinneberg. In 1640, Altona came under Danish rule as part of Holstein-Glückstadt, and in 1664 was granted municipal rights by the Danish King Frederik III, who then ruled in personal union as Duke of Holstein. Altona was one of the Danish monarchy's most important harbor towns. The railroad from Altona to Kiel, the Hamburg-Altona–Kiel railway ( da, link=no, Christian VIII Østersø Jernbane), was opened in 1844. Because of severe restrictions on the number of Jews allowed to live in Hamburg until 1864 (with the exception of 1811–1815), a major Jewish community develop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July 1932 German Federal Election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag. The Nazi Party made significant gains and became the largest party in the Reichstag for the first time, although they failed to win a majority. The Communist Party increased their vote share as well. The two parties jointly controlled a majority of the seats in the Reichstag, meaning no majority coalition government could be formed without including at least one of them. Background Since 1929, Germany had been suffering from the Great Depression; unemployment had risen from 8.5% to nearly 30% between 1929 and 1932,The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust 2002. while industrial production dropped by around 42%. In March 1930, the gov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 Riots
Year 193 ( CXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sosius and Ericius (or, less frequently, year 946 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 193 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * January 1 – Year of the Five Emperors: The Roman Senate chooses Publius Helvius Pertinax, against his will, to succeed the late Commodus as Emperor. Pertinax is forced to reorganize the handling of finances, which were wrecked under Commodus, to reestablish discipline in the Roman army, and to suspend the food programs established by Trajan, provoking the ire of the Praetorian Guard. * March 28 – Pertinax is assassinated by members of the Praetorian Guard, who storm the imperial palace. The Empire is auctioned o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1932 In Germany
Events in the year 1932 in Germany. Incumbents National level President * Paul von Hindenburg (Non-partisan) Chancellor * Heinrich Brüning (Centre) to 30 May, then from 1 June Franz von Papen (Centre to 3 June, then Non-partisan) then 17 November, then from 3 December Kurt von Schleicher (Non-partisan) Events * 25 February – Adolf Hitler obtains German citizenship by naturalization, opening the opportunity for him to run in the 1932 election for Reichspräsident. * 10 April – Paul von Hindenburg is elected president of Germany. * 30 May – Chancellor Heinrich Brüning resigns. President Hindenburg asks Franz von Papen to form a new government. * 16 June – Bans against the SS and SA are overturned. * 17 July – Altona Bloody Sunday: In Altona, armed communists attack a National Socialist demonstration; 18 are killed. Many other political street fights follow. * 31 July – Federal election: The Nazi Party gains a plurality and the Communists also gain seats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Nazism (–1933)
{{disambiguation, geo ...
Early may refer to: History * The beginning or oldest part of a defined historical period, as opposed to middle or late periods, e.g.: ** Early Christianity ** Early modern Europe Places in the United States * Early, Iowa * Early, Texas * Early Branch, a stream in Missouri * Early County, Georgia Other uses * ''Early'' (Scritti Politti album), 2005 * ''Early'' (A Certain Ratio album), 2002 * Early (name) * Early effect, an effect in transistor physics * Early Records, a record label * the early part of the morning See also * Earley (other) Earley is a town in England. Earley may also refer to: * Earley (surname), a list of people with the surname Earley * Earley (given name), a variant of the given name Earlene * Earley Lake, a lake in Minnesota *Earley parser, an algorithm *Earley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Encyclopedia Of The Third Reich
''The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich'' is a two-volume text edited by and , first published in German in 1985. ''The Encyclopedia of the Third Reich'' is leading source material for information about Nazi Germany and the reign of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party between 1933 and 1945. The text covers nearly every major figure, organization, and event during the Nazi era. It does not, however, address the military history of World War II, only the role in which Nazi Germany participated through policies and national directives. The two-volume hardback edition and subsequent one-volume paperback edition include more than 3,000 specific subject entries and over 1,200 "well-chosen illustrations". Showalter, Dennis E. (1991). ''Library Journal'', Colorado College, Colorado Springs, Reed Business Information, Inc. It is considered to be a critical text and it can be found at most major American and British universities. The ''Library Journal'' review stated it to be "...the definitive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Falk Harnack
Falk Harnack (2 March 1913 – 3 September 1991) was a German director and screenwriter. During Germany's Nazi era, he was also active with the German Resistance and toward the end of World War II, the partisans in Greece. Harnack was from a family of scholars, artists and scientists, several of whom were active in the anti-Nazi Resistance and paid with their lives. Early years Falk Erich Walter Harnack was the younger son of painter Clara Harnack (née Reichau) and literary historian Otto Harnack; a nephew of theologian Adolf von Harnack and Erich Harnack, professor of pharmacology and chemistry; the grandson of theologian Theodosius Harnack and the younger brother of jurist and German Resistance fighter Arvid Harnack. He was also a cousin of theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Ernst von Harnack, who, like his brother and sister-in-law, Mildred Harnack, also became victims of the Third Reich. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Axe Of Wandsbek (1951 Film)
''The Axe of Wandsbek'' (German: ''Das Beil von Wandsbek'') is a 1951 East German film, directed by Falk Harnack. Plot 1934, Hamburg. Adolf Hitler is about to visit the city. Hamburg's executioner falls ill, and is unable to deliver the sentence of four communists who are awaiting capital punishment in jail. Fearing that this would spoil Hitler's visit, SS leader Footh offers a local bankrupt butcher, Albert Teetjen, 2,000 Marks in order to carry out the verdict. The broke Teetjen agrees and follows suit. When his neighbors hear of the execution, they shun him. His wife cannot tolerate her husband's deed and puts an end to her life. Eventually, Teetjen also commits suicide. Cast * Erwin Geschonneck: Albert Teetjen * Willy A. Kleinau: Hans Peter Footh * Käthe Braun: Stine Teetjen * Gefion Helmke: Dr. Käthe Neumeier * Arthur Schröder: Dr. Koldewey * Ursula Meißner: Annette Koldewey * Helmuth Hinzelmann: Colonel Lintze * Erika Dannhoff: Lene Prestow * Fritz Wisten: Siegfried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Christians (movement)
German Christians (german: Deutsche Christen) were a pressure group and a movement within the German Evangelical Church that existed between 1932 and 1945, aligned towards the antisemitic, racist and ''Führerprinzip'' ideological principles of Nazism with the goal to align German Protestantism as a whole towards those principles. Their advocacy of these principles led to a schism within 23 of the initially 28 regional church bodies (''Landeskirchen'') in Germany and the attendant foundation of the opposing Confessing Church in 1934. History Antecedents Lutheranism Imperial Germany During the period of the German Empire, before the Weimar Republic, the Protestant churches ('' Landeskirchen'') in Germany were divided along state and provincial borders. Each state or provincial church was supported by and affiliated with the regnal house—if it was Protestant—in its particular region; the crown provided financial and institutional support to its church. Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barmen Declaration
__NOTOC__ The Barmen Declaration or the Theological Declaration of Barmen 1934 (German: ''Die Barmer Theologische Erklärung'') was a document adopted by Christians in Nazi Germany who opposed the German Christian movement. In the view of the delegates to the Synod that met in the city of Wuppertal-Barmen in May 1934, the German Christians had corrupted church government by making it subservient to the state and had introduced Nazi ideology into the German Protestant churches that contradicted the Christian gospel. The Barmen Declaration includes six theses: # The source of revelation is only the Word of God — Jesus Christ. Any other possible sources (earthly powers, for example) will not be accepted. # Jesus Christ is the only Lord of all aspects of personal life. There should be no other authority. # The message and order of the church should not be influenced by the current political convictions. # The church should not be ruled by a leader ("Führer"). There is no hierarch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Asmussen
Hans Christian Asmussen (born 21 August 1898 in Flensburg — died 30 December 1968 in Speyer) was a German Evangelical and Lutheran theologian. Asmussen was a pastor in Altona, Hamburg. He was removed from office by the Nazis because of his activity in the Reich Fraternal Council of the Confessing Church. He was jailed several times before 1945. He was co-author of the protest "Word and Affirmation of Altona Pastors amid the Misery and Confusion of Public Life" (11 January 1933), which rejected a pact with National Socialism and thus became a preliminary step toward the theological declaration of the Barmen Confessional Synod. From 1945 to 1948, Asmussen presided over the Evangelical Church Chancellery, and from 1949 to 1955, he was dean (german: Propst) in Kiel; he was a promoter of ecumenical dialogue. His writings include ''Seelsorge'' (Pastoral Care; 1934) and ''Der Römerbrief'' (Letter to the Romans; 1952). Life Early life Asmussen, the son of a headmaster, Jes G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
