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All India Judicial Service
All India Judicial Service is a proposed judicial service in India. History The proposal for an All India Judicial Service was first suggested in the Chief Justices' Conference in 1961 as a way to remove any scope for judicial or executive intervention in the appointments to the judiciary in the High Courts and the Supreme Court in India. The idea had to be shelved after some states and High Courts opposed it. The Constitution was amended in 1976 to provide for an AIJS under Article 312. The proposal was again floated by the ruling UPA government in 2012 but the draft bill was shelved again after opposition from High Court Chief Justices who labeled this an infringement of their rights. Promotional Hierarchy The ''promotional hierarchy'' of "All India Judicial Service" ''Group 'A' gazetted officers'' is mentioned below (bottom to top). *Chief Justice of Supreme Court of India *Justice of Supreme Court of India/Chief Justice of State High Court/Chairperson of Any Tribunal/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of High Courts Of India
The high courts of India are the highest courts of appellate jurisdiction in each state and union territory of India. However, a high court exercises its original civil and criminal jurisdiction only if the subordinate courts are not authorized by law to try such matters for lack of pecuniary, territorial jurisdiction. High courts may also enjoy original jurisdiction in certain matters, if so designated specially by the constitution, a state or union law. The work of most high courts primarily consists of appeals from lower courts and writ petitions in terms of Articles 226 and 227 of the constitution. Writ jurisdiction is also an original jurisdiction of a high court. Each state is divided into judicial districts presided over by a district and sessions judge. He is known as district judge when he presides over a civil case, and session's judge when he presides over a criminal case. He is the highest judicial authority below a high court judge. Below him, there are courts of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Supreme Court Of India
The Supreme Court of India ( IAST: ) is the supreme judicial authority of India and is the highest court of the Republic of India under the constitution. It is the most senior constitutional court, has the final decision in all legal matters except for personal laws and interstate river disputes, and also has the power of judicial review. The Chief Justice of India is the Head and Chief Judge of the Supreme Court, which consists of a maximum of 34 judges, and has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate and advisory jurisdictions. New judges here are uniquely nominated by existing judges and other branches of government have neglible say as the court follows collegium system for appointments. As the apex and most powerful constitutional court in India, it takes up appeals primarily against verdicts of the High Courts of various states of the Union and other courts and tribunals. It is required to safeguard the fundamental rights of citizens and settles dispute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forty-second Amendment Of The Constitution Of India
The 42nd amendment, officially known as The Constitution (Forty-second amendment) Act, 1976, was enacted during the Emergency (25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977) by the Indian National Congress government headed by Indira Gandhi. Most provisions of the amendment came into effect on 3 January 1977, others were enforced from 1 February and Section 27 came into force on 1 April 1977. The 42nd Amendment is regarded as the most controversial constitutional amendment in history. It attempted to reduce the power of the Supreme Court and High Courts to pronounce upon the constitutional validity of laws. It laid down the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens to the nation. This amendment brought about the most widespread changes to the Constitution in its history. Owing to its size, it is nicknamed as the ''Mini-Constitution''. Many parts of the Constitution, including the Preamble and constitution amending clause itself, were changed by the 42nd Amendment, and some new articles and secti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Progressive Alliance
United Progressive Alliance (UPA) is a centre-left political alliance of predominantly left-leaning political parties in India. It was formed after the 2004 general election with support from left-leaning political parties when no single party got the majority. UPA ruled India from 2004 till 2014. The largest party in UPA is Indian National Congress (INC). History 2004–2008 UPA was formed soon after the 2004 general elections when no party had won a majority. The then ruling Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) won 181 seats of 544, as opposed to the UPA's tally of 218 seats. The Left Front with 59 MPs (excluding the speaker of the Lok Sabha), the Samajwadi Party with 39 MPs and the Bahujan Samaj Party with 19 MPs were other significant blocks that supported UPA at various times. UPA did not achieve a majority, rather it relied on external support, similar to the formula adopted by the previous minority governments of the United Front, the NDA ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Judicial Appointments Commission
The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was a proposed body which would have been responsible for the recruitment, appointment and transfer of judicial officers, legal officers and legal employees under the government of India and in all state governments of India. The commission was established by amending the Constitution of India through the 99th constitution amendment with the Constitution (Ninety-Ninth Amendment) Act, 2014 or 99th Constitutional Amendment Act-2014 passed by the Lok Sabha on 13 August 2014 and by the Rajya Sabha on 14 August 2014. The NJAC would have replaced the collegium system for the appointment of judges as invoked by the Supreme court via judicial fiat by a new system. Along with the Constitution Amendment Act, the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014, was also passed by the Parliament of India to regulate the functions of the National Judicial Appointments Commission. The NJAC Bill and the Constitutional Amendment Bill, wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Three Judges Cases
The Indian Judicial collegium system, where existing judges appoint judges to the nation's constitutional courts, has its genesis in, and continued basis resting on, three of its own judgments made by Supreme Court judges which are collectively known as the Three Judges Cases. The cases Following are the three cases: # ''S. P. Gupta v. Union of India'' - 1981 (also known as the Judges' Transfer case) # Supreme Court Advocates-on Record Association vs Union of India - 1993 # ''In re'' Special Reference 1 of 1998 Over the course of the three cases, the court evolved the principle of judicial independence to mean that no other branch of the state - including the legislature and the executive - would have any say in the appointment of judges. The court then created the collegium system, which has been in use since the judgment in the Second Judges Case was issued in 1993. There is no mention of the collegium either in the original Constitution of India or in successive amendments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Bengal Judicial Service
West Bengal Judicial Service, popularly known as W.B.J.S. is the Judicial service of the Indian state of West Bengal. For the WBJS, Public Service Commission, West Bengal arranges competitive examinations in three phases time to time. These phases are Preliminary, Mains and Personality Test. This service was renamed after West Bengal Civil Service ( Judicial). Postings West Bengal Judicial Service officers are placed either in the post of Civil Judge (Junior division) or First Class Judicial Magistrate under the Government of West Bengal The Government of West Bengal also known as the West Bengal Government, is the subnational government of the Indian state of West Bengal , created by the National Constitution as the state's legislative, executive and judicial authority. The .... The officers may be promoted as the District Judge and even Judge of the Calcutta High Court upon seniority basis. Training Training of newly recruited Judicial Officers was conducted by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judiciary Of India
The judiciary of India is a system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the India, Republic of India. India uses a Common law, ''common law system'', first introduced by the East India Company, British East India Company and with influence from other Colonial India, colonial powers and Indian princely states, as well as practices from ancient and medieval times. The constitution provides for a single unified judiciary in India. The Indian judicial system is managed and administrated by officers. Judges of Subordinate Judiciaries are appointed by the governor on recommendation by the High courts of India, High Court. Judges of the High Courts and Supreme Court of India, Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a Three Judges Cases, collegium. The judicial system is structured in three levels with subsidiary parts. The Supreme Court of India, Supreme Court, also known as the Apex Court, is the top court and the ultimate appellate cour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
