Ali Ibn Abi Sa'id
Ali ibn Abi Sa'id, also known as Dhu'l-Qalamayn, was an early 9th-century Abbasid official and military commander in the service of Abbasid caliph al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833). According to al-Ya'qubi, he was the maternal cousin of the Khurasani brothers al-Fadl ibn Sahl and al-Hasan ibn Sahl, two of al-Ma'mun's most powerful officials. Al-Tabari on the other hand considers him as the son of their sister. He appears in the aftermath of the Siege of Baghdad (812–813), Siege of Baghdad and al-Ma'mun's victory in the Fourth Fitna, civil war with his brother al-Amin. Al-Hasan was appointed by al-Ma'mun as governor and viceroy of an extensive portion of the Abbasid empire, from Jibal and Fars Province, Fars to Iraq (region), Iraq, the Hejaz, and Yemen. Al-Hasan appointed Ali as his deputy for the land tax (kharaj) collection in Iraq. In 815 he was one of the chief commanders that put down the Alid uprising of Abu al-Saraya al-Sari ibn Mansur in Iraq, defeating the rebel forces at al-Mad ...
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Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate ( or ; ar, الْخِلَافَةُ الْعَبَّاسِيَّة, ') was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. They ruled as caliphs for most of the caliphate from their capital in Baghdad in modern-day Iraq, after having overthrown the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132  AH). The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph Al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad, near the ancient Babylonian capital city of Babylon. Baghdad became the center of science, culture and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. This, in addition to housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi-religious environment, garnered it a worldwide reputation as the ...
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