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Alfred Lingard
Alfred Lingard (1849 – 18 February 1938) was a British medical pathologist who worked on veterinary diseases in India, serving as an Imperial Bacteriologist from 1890 to 1907. He was the founding director of the Imperial Bacteriological Laboratory in Mukteswar (which later became part of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute) to produce anthrax and rinderpest vaccines. Life and work Lingard received a medical degree in 1873, an LSA in 1874. He worked in the Royal Army Medical Corps and as a house physician at St. Thomas' Hospital before traveling across Europe. Lingard studied bacteriology in Germany and had worked as a lecturer at the Birkbeck Institution. He was appointed as Imperial Bacteriologist from 1890 to 1907. The post was created following several earlier studies. A report commissioned by Lord Mayo in 1871 had identified that "''Rinderpest is the murrain to which a far greater share of mortality among cattle is due than all other causes put together and this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Lingard
Alfred Lingard (1849 – 18 February 1938) was a British medical pathologist who worked on veterinary diseases in India, serving as an Imperial Bacteriologist from 1890 to 1907. He was the founding director of the Imperial Bacteriological Laboratory in Mukteswar (which later became part of the Indian Veterinary Research Institute) to produce anthrax and rinderpest vaccines. Life and work Lingard received a medical degree in 1873, an LSA in 1874. He worked in the Royal Army Medical Corps and as a house physician at St. Thomas' Hospital before traveling across Europe. Lingard studied bacteriology in Germany and had worked as a lecturer at the Birkbeck Institution. He was appointed as Imperial Bacteriologist from 1890 to 1907. The post was created following several earlier studies. A report commissioned by Lord Mayo in 1871 had identified that "''Rinderpest is the murrain to which a far greater share of mortality among cattle is due than all other causes put together and this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Koch
Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch ( , ; 11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist. As the discoverer of the specific causative agents of deadly infectious diseases including tuberculosis, cholera (though the Vibrio cholerae, bacterium itself was discovered by Filippo Pacini in 1854), and anthrax, he is regarded as one of the main founders of modern bacteriology. As such he is popularly nicknamed the father of microbiology (with Louis Pasteur), and as the father of medical bacteriology. His discovery of the anthrax bacterium (''Bacillus anthracis'') in 1876 is considered as the birth of modern bacteriology. His discoveries directly provided proofs for the germ theory of diseases, and the scientific basis of public health. While working as a private physician, Koch developed many innovative techniques in microbiology. He was the first to use the oil immersion lens, Condenser (optics), condenser, and microphotography in microscopy. His invention of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1938 Deaths
Events January * January 1 ** The new constitution of Estonia enters into force, which many consider to be the ending of the Era of Silence and the authoritarian regime. ** State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France ( SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Safinaz Zulficar, who becomes Queen Farida, in Cairo. * January 27 – The Honeymoon Bridge at Niagara Falls, New York, collapses as a result of an ice jam. February * February 4 ** Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and creates the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (High Command of the Armed Forces), giving him direct control of the German military. In addition, he dismisses political and military leaders considered unsympathetic to his philosophy or policies. General Werner von Fritsch is forced to resign as Commander of Chief of the German Army following accusations of homosexuality, and replaced by General Walther ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1849 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – France begins issue of the Ceres series, the nation's first postage stamps. * January 5 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: The Austrian army, led by Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, enters in the Hungarian capitals, Buda and Pest. The Hungarian government and parliament flee to Debrecen. * January 8 – Hungarian Revolution of 1848: Romanian armed groups massacre 600 unarmed Hungarian civilians, at Nagyenyed.Hungarian HistoryJanuary 8, 1849 And the Genocide of the Hungarians of Nagyenyed/ref> * January 13 ** Second Anglo-Sikh War – Battle of Tooele: British forces retreat from the Sikhs. ** The Colony of Vancouver Island is established. * January 21 ** General elections are held in the Papal States. ** Hungarian Revolution of 1848: Battle of Nagyszeben – The Hungarian army in Transylvania, led by Josef Bem, is defeated by the Austrians, led by Anton Puchner. * January 23 – Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her M.D. by the Medi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Dalrymple Edgar Holmes
Lt. Col. John Dalrymple Edgar Holmes (1867 - 2 March 1915) was a British veterinary scientist and bacteriologist who worked in India as Imperial Bacteriologist. He worked on the production of veterinary vaccines especially for rinderpest. Holmes was born in 1867 to Reverend John Holmes at Tipperary, where he went to the local grammar school before going to Trinity College, Dublin. Graduating with a BA in 1890 he joined the Royal Veterinary College and qualified MRCVS in 1895 and joined the Army Veterinary Department. He was deputed to the Indian Civil Veterinary Department in 1900 and worked as an Assistant Bacteriologist at the Muktesar Laboratory. He went to Cambridge for studies and received a DSc in 1905 followed by work at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. He returned to India and served as a Professor of Sanitary Science at the Punjab Veterinary College in Lahore. He was appointed Imperial Bacteriologist in 1907 to succeed Alfred Lingard. In 1912 he was awarded the Steele Mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emanuel Edward Klein
Emanuel Edward Klein FRS (31 October 1844 at Osijek – 9 February 1925 at Hove) was a bacteriologist who was born in Croatia and educated in Austria before settling in Britain. He is sometimes known as the father of British microbiology, but most of his work in microbiology, histology, and bacteriology was overshadowed during his life by his use of and apparently outspoken support for animal vivisection in physiological and medical experiments. His English was poor and during court questioning, many of the answers he provided were considered shocking. Life and work Klein was born on 31 October 1844 at Osijek in a German speaking non-practicing Jewish home. His father, who died when he was about fourteen, was a tanner working for a Russian leather company. After graduating in the local school he became a tutor in the classics and at eighteen he worked in London to help his family. He later went to study medicine at Vienna and obtained an M.D. in 1869. At Vienna he worked with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koch Lingard 1897
Koch may refer to: People * Koch (surname), people with this surname * Koch dynasty, a dynasty in Assam and Bengal, north east India * Koch family * Koch people (or Koche), an ethnic group originally from the ancient Koch kingdom in north east India ** Koch language, a language spoken in India and Bangladesh * Koch, an alternate name of the Rabha tribe in northeast India and surrounding countries * Koch Kingdom, in and around Assam Places * Koch (crater), a crater on the Moon * Koch, Iran (other), places in Iran * Koch, Łódź Voivodeship, a village in central Poland * Koch, Mississippi, United States * Koch, South Sudan, a village in Unity State, South Sudan * Koch Bihar, a princely state in north east India * Koch County, an administrative area in Unity State, South Sudan * Koch Kingdom, Assam, 13th-16th centuries Businesses * Koch Entertainment LP, now known as E1 Entertainment ** Koch Records, former name of Entertainment One Music * Koch Industries, petr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fowler's Solution
Fowler's solution is a solution containing 1% potassium arsenite (KAsO2), and was once prescribed as a remedy or a tonic. Thomas Fowler (1736–1801) of Stafford, England, proposed the solution in 1786 as a substitute for a patent medicine, "tasteless ague drop". From 1865, Fowler's solution was a leukemia treatment. From 1905, inorganic arsenicals like Fowler's solution saw diminished use as attention turned to organic arsenicals, starting with Atoxyl. As arsenical compounds are notably toxic and carcinogenic—with side effects such as cirrhosis of the liver, idiopathic portal hypertension, urinary bladder cancer, and skin cancers—Fowler's solution fell from use. (In 2001, however, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a drug of arsenic trioxide to treat acute promyelocytic leukaemia Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML, APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells. In APL, there is an abnormal accumulation of imma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trypanosomiasis
Trypanosomiasis or trypanosomosis is the name of several diseases in vertebrates caused by parasitic protozoan trypanosomes of the genus ''Trypanosoma''. In humans this includes African trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease. A number of other diseases occur in other animals. African trypanosomiasis, which is caused by either ''Trypanosoma brucei gambiense'' or ''Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense'', threatens some 65 million people in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural areas and populations disrupted by war or poverty. The number of cases has been going down due to systematic eradication efforts: in 1998 almost 40,000 cases were reported but almost 300,000 cases were suspected to have occurred; in 2009, the number dropped below 10,000; and in 2018 it dropped below 1000. Chagas disease causes 21,000 deaths per year mainly in Latin America. Signs and symptoms The tsetse fly bite erupts into a red chancre sore and within a few weeks, the person can experience fever, swollen lymph gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer
Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer FRS (27 March 1858 – 15 September 1945) was a German physician and bacteriologist. Pfeiffer was born to Otto Pfeiffer, a German pastor of the local Evangelical parish, and Natalia née Jüttner, in Treustädt, Province of Posen (Prussia), and died in Bad Landeck (Prussia, now Poland). Career Pfeiffer is remembered for his many fundamental discoveries in immunology and bacteriology, particularly for the phenomenon of bacteriolysis. In 1894 he found that live cholera bacteria could be injected without ill effects into guinea pigs previously immunised against cholera, and that blood plasma from these animals added to live cholera bacteria caused them to become motionless and to lyse. This could be inhibited by previously heating the blood plasma. He called this bacteriolysis and it became known as the Pfeiffer Phenomenon, or Isayev-Pfeiffer phenomenon. Working with Robert Koch in Berlin he intellectually and experimentally conceived the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Gaffky
Georg Theodor August Gaffky (17 February 1850 – 23 September 1918) was a Hanover-born bacteriologist best known for identifying bacillus salmonella typhi as the cause of typhoid disease in 1884. Early life and career Gaffky's parents were the shipping agent Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Gaffky, and Emma Schumacher. His medical studies at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin were completed in 1873 after an interruption by the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. His dissertation postulated a relationship between lead poisoning and kidney disease. He worked as an assistant at the Berlin Charité hospital and passed the state medical exams in 1875. He then worked as an army surgeon. Gaffky worked as an assistant to Robert Koch in Berlin. Under Koch's leadership, Gaffky and others developed bacteriological protocols and achieved progress in identifying causes of infectious diseases. Principal discoveries Following Karl Joseph Eberth's description of a bacillus suspected as the caus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Pioneer (India)
''The Pioneer'' is an English-language daily newspaper in India. It is published from multiple locations in India, including Delhi. It is the second oldest English-language newspaper in India still in circulation after ''The Times of India''. In 2010, The Pioneer launched its Hindi version in Lucknow. Author Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936), in his early 20s, worked at the newspaper office in Allahabad as an assistant editor from November 1887 to March 1889. In July 1933, ''The Pioneer'' was sold to a syndicate and moved from Allahabad to Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, at which time the ''Pioneer Mail and India Weekly News'' ceased publication. The newspaper remained a primarily Lucknow-based paper until 1990, when it was purchased by the Thapar Group, under L. M. Thapar, who made it a national newspaper, published from Delhi, Lucknow, Bhubaneswar, Kochi, Bhopal, Chandigarh, Dehradun and Ranchi. Thapar sold the paper to its editor Chandan Mitra in 1998. At that time it had 484 employees. Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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