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Alexander Barclay (apothecary)
Alexander Barclay (floruit 1565–1608) was an apothecary in Edinburgh. Barclay provided drugs and medicines for the Scottish royal family and their physicians John Naysmyth, Gilbert Primrose, and Martin Schöner. Barclay was established as an apothecary and burgess of Edinburgh on 20 October 1570. His father George Barclay was also an Edinburgh burgess. He was appointed apothecary to James VI of Scotland on 7 February 1577 with an annual pension of £50 Scots. In 1577 he supplied candles, called censer candles, to James VI and his tutor Peter Young. Barclay also sold sugar confectionery, the family of William Douglas of Lochleven bought boxes of wet and dry confections. These were sometimes consumed for medicinal purposes. In September 1584 the surgeon Gilbert Primrose was imprisoned in Dumbarton Castle. He was allowed bail or caution for future loyalty at £1,000 Scots, guaranteed by the textile merchant Robert Jousie and Barclay. On 10 February 1594 he was appoint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apothecary
''Apothecary'' () is a mostly archaic term for a medical professional who formulates and dispenses '' materia medica'' (medicine) to physicians, surgeons, and patients. The modern chemist (British English) or pharmacist (British and North American English) now perform this role. In some languages and regions, the word "apothecary" is still used to refer to a retail pharmacy or a pharmacist who owns one. Apothecaries' investigation of herbal and chemical ingredients was a precursor to the modern sciences of chemistry and pharmacology. In addition to dispensing herbs and medicine, apothecaries offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed by other specialist practitioners, such as surgeons and obstetricians. Apothecary shops sold ingredients and the medicines they prepared wholesale to other medical practitioners, as well as dispensing them to patients. In 17th-century England, they also controlled the trade in tobacco which was imported as a me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gilbert Moncreiff
Gilbert Moncreiff (died 1598) was a Scottish court physician. In November 1575, Moncreiff joined the court of James VI as "medicinar and houshald man". He would live for four years at Stirling Castle in attendance on the young king. A pension awarded in October 1580 mentioned that he had served the king since his birth in 1566. James Melville visited the king at Stirling with his uncle Andrew Melville in 1575. They also met Moncreiff, who was an old friend of Andrew Melville from their days in Geneva. Moncreiff, Alexander Preston, with a Highland practitioner recorded as the "Irland leeche", George Boswell from Perth, and an Edinburgh apothecary Robert Craig attended the Earl of Atholl. He died on 25 April 1579 at Kincardine after a suspicious illness following a banquet hosted by the Countess of Mar at Stirling Castle. Doctor Preston was also recorded working for Agnes Keith, Countess of Argyll and travelled to Inveraray in 1576. On 16 June 1581, Moncreiff and Gilbert Ske ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Charteris
Henry Charteris the younger (1565–1628) was a Scottish minister and Principal of the University of Edinburgh from 1599 to 1620. Life He was the eldest son of Henry Charteris, Printer to the King in Scotland (this status allowed printing of Bibles and other restricted books). He was educated at the University of Edinburgh, graduating with an MA 1587 and being bcreated a "Regent" (the equivalent of a Fellow) in 1589. He was a student in the first class taught by Robert Rollock, which numbered four future professors, two of whom, Charteris and Patrick Sands, later became principals of the university. In 1599 he was appointed Professor of Divinity and, following the death of Rollock, Charteris was also appointed Principal, having been recommended by Rollock on his deathbed.''Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae''; by Hew Scott To the principalship was then attached the professorship of divinity, and the salary, which had been four hundred, was increased in 1601 to six hundred Scots merks. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Tudor
Margaret Tudor (28 November 1489 – 18 October 1541) was Queen of Scotland from 1503 until 1513 by marriage to King James IV. She then served as regent of Scotland during her son's minority, and successfully fought to extend her regency. Margaret was the eldest daughter and second child of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York, and the elder sister of King Henry VIII of England. Margaret married James IV at the age of 13, in accordance with the Treaty of Perpetual Peace between England and Scotland. Together, they had six children, though only one of them reached adulthood. Margaret's marriage to James IV linked the royal houses of England and Scotland, which a century later resulted in the Union of the Crowns. Following the death of James IV at the Battle of Flodden in 1513, Margaret, as queen dowager, was appointed as regent for their son, King James V. A pro-French party took shape among the nobility, urging that she should be replaced by John, Duke of Albany, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James IV Of Scotland
James IV (17 March 1473 – 9 September 1513) was King of Scotland from 11 June 1488 until his death at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. He inherited the throne at the age of fifteen on the death of his father, James III, at the Battle of Sauchieburn, following a rebellion in which the younger James was the figurehead of the rebels. James IV is generally regarded as the most successful of the Stewart monarchs. He was responsible for a major expansion of the Scottish royal navy, which included the founding of two royal dockyards and the acquisition or construction of 38 ships, including the ''Michael'', the largest warship of its time.T. Christopher Smout, ''Scotland and the Sea'' (Edinburgh: Rowman and Littlefield, 1992), , p. 45. James was a patron of the arts and took an active interest in the law, literature and science, even personally experimenting in dentistry and bloodletting. With his patronage the printing press came to Scotland, and the Royal College of Surgeons of Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Mosman (apothecary)
John Mosman was an apothecary at the Scottish court. Mosman worked for the households of James IV of Scotland and the queen consort Margaret Tudor supplying medicines and spices, herbal remedies, and providing treatments. Family background Other members of the family were goldsmiths, including John Mosman who worked for James V and his son James Mosman, who built the house in Edinburgh known as the " John Knox House". It has been suggested that the Mosman family was of Jewish origin. A branch of the family including a John Mosman and his son Robert Mosman was recorded in February 1490 in connection with their tenancy of the lands of "Easter Gledstanis". Career Mosman received a regular fee of £10 from the royal treasurer by 1513. A copy of a household roll of the Scottish court made around 1507 names him and William Foular as the court "pottingaris". "Pottingar" is an old Scots language word for apothecary. Royal wedding In April 1503 Mosman was sent to Flanders to buy mat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles I Of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until Execution of Charles I, his execution in 1649. He was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life. He became heir apparent to the kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland in 1612 upon the death of his elder brother, Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales. An unsuccessful and unpopular attempt to marry him to the Spanish Habsburg princess Maria Anna of Spain, Maria Anna culminated in an eight-month visit to Spain in 1623 that demonstrated the futility of the marriage negotiation. Two years later, he married the House of Bourbon, Bourbon princess Henrietta Maria of France. After his 1625 succession, Charles quarrelled with the Parliament of England, English Parliament, which sought to curb his royal prerogati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Stuart (1598–1600)
Margaret Stuart (24 December 1598 March 1600) was the second daughter of King James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark. Sometime in March 1600, Margaret died of an unknown illness and she was buried in Holyrood Abbey. Three years later, her father ascended the throne of England. Life Margaret was born at 3 o'clock in the morning of Christmas Eve 1598, the second daughter of King James VI of Scotland, future James I of England, and Anne of Denmark. She was born at Dalkeith Castle, where the Master of Work, William Schaw, had set carpenters to work to furnish a nursery, with a cradle, a bed, a chair for the nurse, and four stools for the ladies who rocked the cradle. The queen's confinement at Dalkeith commenced on 21 September 1598. The Countess of Huntly attended the delivery. Margaret Stewart, Mistress of Ochiltree, senior lady in waiting, was in charge of Margaret's care. Margaret's baptism was postponed until 15 April 1599, as the winter, part of the "Little Ice Age", ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marguerite Wood
Marguerite Wood (30 August 1887 – 19 August 1954) was a Scottish historian and archivist who specialised in Scottish history. She served as Keeper of the Burgh Records of Edinburgh and was a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society and a member of the Scottish Records Advisory Council. Early life and education Marguerite Wood was born in Edinburgh on 30 August 1887. Her family had a strong interest in history: her great-grandfather John Philip Wood (1762–1838) published a history of Cramond and her paternal grandfather John George Wood (1804–65), was a member of an antiquarian society, the Spaulding Club. Her maternal grandfather was Hugh Lyon Tennent a founding member of the Edinburgh Calotype Club. Wood studied French at University of Edinburgh, the University of Edinburgh, gaining a master's degree in 1913. During the First World War she served in the Women's Army Auxiliary Core (which became known as Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corp in 1918) in France. The actual dates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutchkin
''Disambiguation: a "mutchkin" can also refer a close-fitting Scottish cap''. The mutchkin ( gd, mùisgein) was a Scottish unit of liquid volume measurement that was in use from at least 1661 (and possibly as early as the 15th century) until the late 19th century, approximately equivalent to 424 mL, or roughly imperial pint. The word was derived from – a mid 15th-century Dutch measure of beer or wine. *A mutchkin could be subdivided into four Scottish gills (of approximately 106 mL each) – this was roughly equivalent to three imperial gills or three-quarters of an imperial pint. *Two mutchkins (848 mL) made one chopin. *Four mutchkins (1696 mL) made one Scottish pint (or ''joug''), roughly equivalent to three imperial pints (1705 mL).* See also * Obsolete Scottish units of measurement Scottish or Scots units of measurement are the weights and measures peculiar to Scotland which were nominally replaced by English units in 1685 but continued ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Clavie
John Clavie or Clavee (died 1607) was a Scottish apothecary who worked for James VI and I and the royal family. Background Clavie was based in Edinburgh and moved with the court to London on the Union of the Crowns. He was probably related to "Jhone Clavie" or "Clavye" (died 1586), a candlemaker who supported Mary, Queen of Scots in the Marian Civil War. The candlemaker John Clavie and his business partners were censured for exporting tallow in March 1569. Career In April 1598, Edinburgh burgh hosted a banquet for Anne of Denmark's brother, Ulrik, Duke of Holstein, at the house of Ninian MacMorran at Riddle's court. Two apothecaries, John Lawtie and John Clavie sweetened and added spices to wine to make Hippocras. A third apothecary, Alexander Barclay made two pints of "vergeis" and a mutchkin of perfumed rose water. Clavie was appointed an apothecary in ordinary to King James in March 1603, and appointed to serve Anne of Denmark, Prince Henry and the other royal children on 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hippocras
Hippocras ( ca, Pimentes de clareya; lat, vīnum Hippocraticum), sometimes spelled hipocras or hypocras, is a drink made from wine mixed with sugar and spices, usually including cinnamon, and possibly heated. After steeping the spices in the sweetened wine for a day, the spices are strained out through a conical cloth filter bag called a ''manicum hippocraticum'' or Hippocratic sleeve (originally devised by the 5th century BC Greek physician Hippocrates to filter water), from which the name of the drink is derived. History Spiced wine was popular in the Roman Empire, as seen in the writings of Pliny the Elder and Apicius. In the 12th century, a spiced wine named "pimen" or "piment" was mentioned by Chrétien de Troyes. During the 13th century, the city of Montpellier had a reputation for trading spiced wines with England. The first recipes for spiced wine appeared at the end of the 13th century (recipes for red wine and piment found in the Tractatus de Modo) or at the beginni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
