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Alan Tsagaev
Alan Tsagaev ( Bulgarian spelling of name: Алан Цагаев) (born 13 September 1977) is a naturalized Bulgarian weightlifter of Ossetian origin who competed in the Men's 105 kg weight class at the 2000 Summer Olympics and won a silver medal, lifting 422.5 kg in total. Tsagaev tested positive for a steroid in 2008, and therefore Bulgaria's weightlifting federation withdrew its team from the 2008 Summer Olympics. Eight members of the men's team and three women tested positive during out-of-competition tests conducted on 8 and 9 June. Apart from Tsagaev the athletes who tested positive were Ivailo Filev, Demir Demirev, Mehmed Fikretov, Ivan Stoitsov, Ivan Markov, Georgi Markov Georgi Ivanov Markov ( bg, Георги Иванов Марков ; 1 March 1929 – 11 September 1978) was a Bulgarian dissident writer. He originally worked as a novelist, screenwriter and playwright in his native country, the People's Repub ..., Velichko Cholakov, Milka Maneva, Don ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladikavkaz
Vladikavkaz (russian: Владикавка́з, , os, Дзæуджыхъæу, translit=Dzæwdžyqæw, ;), formerly known as Ordzhonikidze () and Dzaudzhikau (), is the capital city of the North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, situated on the Terek River. The city's population was 311,693 as of the Russian Census (2010), 2010 Census. As a result, Vladikavkaz is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus region. The city is an Industrial sector, industrial and transport, transportation centre. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemical substance, chemicals, clothing and food products. Etymology From 1931 to 1944 and from 1954 to 1990, its name in both Russian and Ossetic languages was ''Ordzhonikidze'' () (after Grigory Ordzhonikidze, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, a Georgian Bolshevik), and from 1944 to 1954 it was officially called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naturalization
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-citizen of a country may acquire citizenship or nationality of that country. It may be done automatically by a statute, i.e., without any effort on the part of the individual, or it may involve an application or a motion and approval by legal authorities. The rules of naturalization vary from country to country but typically include a promise to obey and uphold that country's laws and taking and subscribing to an oath of allegiance, and may specify other requirements such as a minimum legal residency and adequate knowledge of the national dominant language or culture. To counter multiple citizenship, some countries require that applicants for naturalization renounce any other citizenship that they currently hold, but whether this renunciation actually causes loss of original citizenship, as seen by the host country and by the original country, will depend on the laws of the countries involved. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milka Maneva
Milka Maneva (Bulgarian: Милка Манева; born 7 June 1985 in Smolyan, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian weightlifter. She won the silver medal in the Women's 63 kg category at the 2012 Summer Olympics. She originally finished fifth, but was promoted to second after Maiya Maneza, Svetlana Tsarukayeva, and Sibel Şimşek were all disqualified. Maneva also qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics but she was one of eleven Bulgarian weightlifters to test positive for a banned steroid A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and a ... two months prior to the games. Bulgaria withdrew its whole team from the Olympic competition and Maneva received a four-year ban from competition. References 1985 births Living people Olympic weightlifters for Bulgaria Olympic silver meda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Velichko Cholakov
Velichko Cholakov ( bg, Величко Чолаков, 12 January 1982 20 August 2017) was a Bulgarian weightlifter. Career He competed in the over 105 kg class at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, his first Olympics, winning an Olympic bronze medal. After missing two clean and jerk attempts at 245 kg, he managed to lift a total of 447.5 kg, placing him behind Latvia's Viktors Ščerbatihs and Iran's Hossein Reza Zadeh. Velichko won the European weightlifting title in Kyiv, Ukraine in 2004, and finished second at the World championship in Vancouver in 2003. In 2002, he won gold medals at both the European and World Youth Weightlifting championships. He was once measured during competition as 2.05 meters tall, thus making lifting more difficult both in regard to distance of elevation and less than ideal limb proportions. Cholakov tested positive for a steroid in 2008 during an out-of-competition test, along with ten other weightlifters, and therefore Bul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgi Markov (weightlifter)
Georgi Markov ( bg, Георги Марков, born 12 March 1978 in Burgas) is a retired male weightlifter from Bulgaria. He won the silver medal in the men's lightweight division (– 69 kg) at the 2000 Summer Olympics, behind compatriot Galabin Boevski Galabin Boevski ( bg, Гълъбин Боевски, born 19 December 1974) is a Bulgarian weightlifter. He was born in Knezha, and was both world and Olympic champion. He was later suspended for eight years after failing drug tests. Boevski was .... He set one world record in the lightweight snatch in 2000. Markov tested positive for a steroid in 2008, and therefore Bulgaria's weightlifting federation withdrew its team from the 2008 Summer Olympics. References * 1978 births Living people Bulgarian male weightlifters Olympic weightlifters of Bulgaria Weightlifters at the 2000 Summer Olympics Olympic silver medalists for Bulgaria World record setters in weightlifting Bulgarian sportspeople in doping case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Markov (weightlifter)
Ivan Markov ( Bulgarian: Иван Марков; born 14 September 1988) is a Bulgarian weightlifter competing in the 85 kg category. He is the younger brother of former world champion weightlifter Georgi Markov Georgi Ivanov Markov ( bg, Георги Иванов Марков ; 1 March 1929 – 11 September 1978) was a Bulgarian dissident writer. He originally worked as a novelist, screenwriter and playwright in his native country, the People's Repub .... He placed fifth at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Markov also qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics but he was one of eleven Bulgarian weightlifters who tested positive for a banned steroid two months prior to the games. Bulgaria withdrew its whole team from the Olympic competition and Markov received a four-year ban from competition. References External links * * * 1988 births Bulgarian sportspeople in doping cases Bulgarian male weightlifters Doping cases in weightlifting Living people Olympic weightlift ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Stoitsov
Ivan Stoitsov (Иван Стоицов, born in Plovdiv) is a Bulgarian male weightlifter, competing in the 77 kg category and representing Bulgaria at international competitions. He participated at the 2004 Summer Olympics in the 77 kg event. He competed at world championships, most recently at the 2007 World Weightlifting Championships. Stoitsov tested positive for a steroid in 2008, and therefore Bulgaria's weightlifting federation withdrew its team from the 2008 Summer Olympics. Eight members of the men's team and three women tested positive during out-of-competition tests conducted on June 8 and June 9. Apart from Tsagaev the athletes who tested positive were Ivailo Filev, Demir Demirev, Mehmed Fikretov, Alan Tsagaev, Ivan Markov, Georgi Markov, Velichko Cholakov, Milka Maneva Milka Maneva (Bulgarian: Милка Манева; born 7 June 1985 in Smolyan, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian weightlifter. She won the silver medal in the Women's 63 kg category at the 2012 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehmed Fikretov
Mehmed Fikretov (Bulgarian: Мехмед Фикретов; born ) is a retired Bulgarian male weightlifter, most recently competing in the 69 kg division at the 2008 European Weightlifting Championships. Career Fikretov was among 11 athletes on the Bulgarian Weightlifting Federation that tested positive for Metandienone in an out of competition drug test. The Bulgarian Weightlifting Federation then decided to withdraw from the 2008 Olympic Games. The athletes that were banned from the 2008 Olympic Games are: * Velichko Cholakov * Demir Demirev * Mehmed Fikretov * Ivaylo Filev * Gergana Kirilova * Milka Maneva * Georgi Markov (Lifetime ban) * Ivan Markov * Donka Mincheva * Ivan Stoitsov * Alan Tsagaev Alan Tsagaev ( Bulgarian spelling of name: Алан Цагаев) (born 13 September 1977) is a naturalized Bulgarian weightlifter of Ossetian origin who competed in the Men's 105 kg weight class at the 2000 Summer Olympics and won a silver m ... (Lifetime ban) Major resu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demir Demirev
Demir Demirev ( bg, Демир Демирев, born 31 August 1984) is a Bulgarian weightlifter. He is of Turkish ethnicity. He participated in the men's -69 kg class at the 2006 World Weightlifting Championships and won the bronze medal, finishing behind Vencelas Dabaya and Shi Zhiyong. He snatched 143 kg and clean and jerked an additional 175 kg for a total of 318 kg, 14 kg behind winner Dabaya. At the 2007 World Weightlifting Championships he won the bronze medal in the 69 kg category with a total of 334 kg. Demirev tested positive for a steroid in 2008 during an out-of-competition test, along with ten other weightlifters and therefore Bulgaria's weightlifting federation withdrew its team from the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivailo Filev
Ivaylo (died 1281), also spelled Ivailo ( bg, Ивайло), was a rebel leader who ruled briefly as tsar of Bulgaria. In 1277, he spearheaded a peasant uprising and forced the Bulgarian nobility to accept him as emperor. He reigned as emperor from 1278 to 1279, scoring victories against the Byzantines and the Mongols. Beset by foreign and domestic enemies, which included the Bulgarian nobles, he was eventually forced into exile among the Mongols, where he presented himself as a dethroned vassal. The Mongols then killed him in 1281 as an enemy of the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus. Ivaylo's career as a monarch has been used as an example of early anti-feudal class warfare by Marxist historians and has been translated through folk songs, traditions and legends. He served as an inspiration to Bulgarian guerrilla (hajduk) freedom fighters during the Ottoman period. He was nicknamed ''Bardokva'' ("radish" or "lettuce" in Bulgarian) and ''Lakhanas'' (, "cabbage") in Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Summer Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXIX Olympiad () and also known as Beijing 2008 (), were an international multisport event held from 8 to 24 August 2008, in Beijing, China. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 28 sports and 302 events, one event more than those scheduled for the 2004 Summer Olympics. This was the first time China had hosted the Olympic Games, and the third time the Summer Olympic Games had been held in East Asia, following the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, and the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. These were also the second Summer Olympic Games to be held in a communist state, the first being the 1980 Summer Olympics in the Soviet Union (with venues in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Estonia). Beijing was awarded the 2008 Games over four competitors on 13 July 2001, having won a majority of votes from members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) after two rounds o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steroid
A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration. Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Hundreds of steroids are found in plants, animals and fungi. All steroids are manufactured in cells from the sterols lanosterol (opisthokonts) or cycloartenol (plants). Lanosterol and cycloartenol are derived from the cyclization of the triterpene squalene. The steroid core structure is typically composed of seventeen carbon atoms, bonded in four " fused" rings: three six-member cyclohexane rings (rings A, B and C in the first illustration) and one five-member cyclopentane ring (the D ring). Steroids vary by the functional groups attached to this four-ring core and by the oxidation state of the rings. Sterols are forms of steroids with a hydroxy group at position three and a skeleton derived from cholestane. ''A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
