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Ailín I, Earl Of Lennox
Mormaer Ailín I of Lennox, also Alún or Alwin, ruled Lennox sometime before 1178. He is an obscure figure, known only in two sources, and remains characterless. It is not certain that he was ever recognized as a Mormaer of Lennox, although one source does call him that. In the 1170s, Lennox was in the nominal possession of David, the brother of King William I. David was given the territory as a fief of the crown in 1178. However, the land was restored to a native magnate, Ailin's son Ailín, and recognized as a Mormaer (''comes''). The reasons for this are unknown. Perhaps the crown had never really controlled it; or perhaps, as Neville suggests (p. 15), the frontier region of Lennox lost its importance after the defeat and death of Somhairle mac Gille Bhrigdhe. Part of the reason was undoubtedly the promotion of David to the Earldom of Huntingdon Earl of Huntingdon is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The medieval title (1065 cre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mormaer
In early Middle Ages, medieval Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, a mormaer was the Scottish Gaelic, Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the Kings of Scots, King of Scots, and the senior of a ''Toísech'' (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'. Name ''Mormaer'' (pl. ''mormaír'') and ''earl'' were respectively the Goidelic languages, Gaelic and Scots language, Scots words used for the position also referred to in Latin as ''comes'' (pl. ''comites''), which originally meant "companion". That the words ''mormaer'' and ''comes'' were equivalent can be seen in the case of Ruadrí, Earl of Mar, who is described as ''mormaer'' when listed as a witness in a document recorded in the Gaelic language in 1130 or 1131, and as ''comes'' in a charter recorded in Latin between 1127 and 1131. The word ''earl'' was increasingly used in place of ''mormaer'' as Scots ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lennox (district)
The Lennox ( gd, Leamhnachd, ) is a region of Scotland centred on The Vale of Leven, including its great loch: Loch Lomond. The Gaelic name of the river is ''Leamhn'', meaning ''the smooth stream'', which anglicises to ''Leven'' (as Gaelic ''mh'' is spirantised). The surrounding area is ''the field of the smooth stream'' - ''Leamhnachd'' in Gaelic; this was originally anglicised as ''Levenauchen'' / ''Levenachs'', then softened into Levenax / Lennax, and eventually the area was known simply as ''Lennox''. Lennox was not one of the so-called seven ancient Provinces of Scotland, but formed as a province in the Middle Ages. The district embraced the whole of the ancient sheriffdom of Dumbarton: the parishes of Rosneath, Arrochar, Row, Luss, Cardross, Bonhill, Dumbarton, Kilmaronock, New Kilpatrick, Old Kilpatrick, Baldernock, Buchanan, Drymen, Killearn, Balfron, Fintry, and Strathblane, with Campsie and Kilsyth, being all within the bounds ruled over by the Earls of Lennox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mormaer Of Lennox
The Earl or Mormaer of Lennox was the ruler of the region of the Lennox in western Scotland. It was first created in the 12th century for David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and later held by the Stewart dynasty. Ancient earls The first earl recorded is Ailin I, sometimes called 'Alwin'. He is traditionally said to have been created Earl of Lennox by King Malcolm IV in 1154, but this is likely too early a date. [Note: Other sources say Arkil (Arkyll) was the first mormaer. He fled Northumberland for Scotland about 1070 and was made Mormaer of Levenax by Malcolm. That title was in the 12th century changed to earl of Lennox.] The earldom may in fact have been created in the late twelfth century by William I of Scotland, King William the Lion for his brother David, Earl of Huntingdon, David, and after David gained the higher title Earl of Huntingdon, he resigned the Earldom of Lennox and it passed to Ailin. Earl Ailin's parentage and background is unknown. His line continued a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Of Huntingdon
David of Scotland (Medieval Gaelic: ''Dabíd'') (1152 – 17 June 1219) was a Scottish prince and 8th Earl of Huntingdon. He was, until 1198, heir to the Scottish throne. Life He was the youngest surviving son of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Elizabeth of Vermandois. His paternal grandfather was David I of Scotland. Huntingdon was granted to him after his elder brother William I of Scotland ascended the throne. David's son John succeeded him to the earldom. In 1190 his brother gave him 'superiority' over Dundee and its port. The same year he endowed Lindores Abbey in Fife and a church dedicated to St Mary in Dundee. In the litigation for succession to the crown of Scotland in 1290–1292, the great-great-grandson Floris V, Count of Holland of David's sister, Ada, claimed that David had renounced his hereditary rights to the throne of Scotland. He therefore declared that his claim to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William I Of Scotland
William the Lion, sometimes styled William I and also known by the nickname Garbh, "the Rough"''Uilleam Garbh''; e.g. Annals of Ulster, s.a. 1214.6; Annals of Loch Cé, s.a. 1213.10. ( 1142 – 4 December 1214), reigned as King of Scots from 1165 to 1214. His 48-year-long reign was the second longest in Scottish history, and the longest for a Scottish monarch before the Union of the Crowns in 1603. Early life William was born around 1142, during the reign of his grandfather King David I of Scotland. His parents were the king's son Henry and Ada de Warenne. William was around 10 years old when his father died in 1152, making his elder brother Malcolm the heir apparent to their grandfather. From his father, William inherited the Earldom of Northumbria. David I died the next year, and William became heir presumptive to the new king, Malcolm IV. In 1157, William lost the Earldom of Northumbria to Henry II of England. Reign Malcolm IV did not live for long, and upon his death on 9 D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ailín II, Earl Of Lennox
Mormaer Ailín II of Lennox (also known as Ailean or Alwyn) was the son of Mormaer Ailín I, and ruled Lennox from somewhere in the beginning of the 13th century until his death in 1217. Unlike many other Scottish Mormaers, he played little role in the wider society of the Scottish kingdom. Lennox at the time was a frontier region between the Scottish Gaelic lands of central Scotland and the Norse Gaelic lands of Argyll, and the Mormaerdom seems to have lacked the status accorded to the other Mormaerdoms. Either because of this lack of status, or because of the lack of interest in national affairs, Ailin's attendance was not recorded at the coronation of King Alexander II, at Scone in 1215. Ailin was father of ten sons, one of whom founded the clan MacFarlane Clan MacFarlane (Scottish Gaelic: Clann Phàrlain ) is a Highland Scottish clan. Descended from the medieval Earls of Lennox, the MacFarlanes occupied the land forming the western shore of Loch Lomond from Tarbet up- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somerled
Somerled (died 1164), known in Middle Irish as Somairle, Somhairle, and Somhairlidh, and in Old Norse as Sumarliði , was a mid-12th-century Norse-Gaelic lord who, through marital alliance and military conquest, rose in prominence to create the Kingdom of Argyll and the Isles. Little is certain of Somerled's origins, although he may have been born in northern Ireland and appears to have belonged to a Norse–Gaelic family of some prominence. His father, GilleBride, of royal Irish ancestry, appears to have conducted a marriage alliance with Máel Coluim mac Alaxandair, son of Alexander I of Scotland, and claimant to the Scottish throne. During a period of alliance with David I of Scotland, Somerled married Ragnhild, daughter of Óláfr Guðrøðarson, King of Man and the Isles in 1140. In 1153, Olaf of Man died and was succeeded by his son, Godred. But Godred Olafsson was a very unpopular ruler. Somerled was asked by Thorfinn Ottarson, a Manx chief, to allow Somerled's son, Dug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earl Of Huntingdon
Earl of Huntingdon is a title which has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The medieval title (1065 creation) was associated with the ruling house of Scotland (David I of Scotland, David of Scotland). The seventh and most recent creation dates to 1529. In this lineage, the current holder of the title is William Hastings-Bass, 17th Earl of Huntingdon (b. 1948). In English folklore, the title has been associated with Robin Hood, whose true name is often given as Robert Fitzooth, "Robert of Huntingdon", though alternatively Robin is said to be from Locksley or Loxley. Early history Huntingdonshire was part of the Kingdom of East Anglia, inhabited by a group known as the Gyrwas from about the 6th century. It fell to the Danelaw, Danes in the 9th century, but was re-conquered under Edward the Elder in 915. An earldom of Huntingdon was established shortly after, and it was one of the seven earldoms of Saxon England during the reign of king Edward the Confessor. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alwyn MacArchill
Alwyn MacArchill was a mid-12th-century man who appears in numerous charters of the Kings of Scots. He, and his son, held the office of ''rannair''—a distributor of the food and provisions—to the King of Scots. Over the years, some historians have suggested that he was an ancestor of the Earls of Lennox; some made him the first earl, others made him a male-line ancestor of the first earl, another suggestion is that he is an ancestor of the first earl in the female-line. Biography Various names Alwyn MacArchill appears in numerous contemporary sources during the reigns of David I and Malcolm IV. Jackson 1972: pp. 63–66. Historian G. W. S. Barrow noted that nineteen acts of David I were witnessed by Alwyn MacArchill. The 20th-century linguist Kenneth Hurlstone Jackson noted numerous sources and stated that his name appears four times as ''Alfwin''; once as ''Alfwin''; six times as ''Alwyn''; and once as ''Algune'' (in the ''Book of Deer''). Jackson stated that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cynthia Neville
Cynthia J Neville, FRHistS, FSAScot is a Canadian historian, medievalist and George Munro professor of history at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Neville's primary research interests are the social, political and cultural history of medieval Scotland, 1000–1500, specifically legal history, Gaelic-Norman interactions and Gaelic lordship. She is also interested in English legal history from 1250 to 1500. Neville is currently working on a project concerning royal pardon in Scotland from 1100 to 1603. Publications *Neville, Cynthia J. 'Land, Law and People in Medieval Scotland'. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2010. *Neville, Cynthia J. ''Native lordship in medieval Scotland : the earldoms of Strathearn and Lennox, c.1140-1365.'' Dublin : Four Courts Press, 2005. xv, 255 p. : maps ; 24 cm. *Neville, Cynthia J. ''Violence, custom and law : the Anglo-Scottish border lands in the later Middle Ages.'' / Cynthia J. Neville. Edinburgh : Edinburgh University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Stirling
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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