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AgentSpeak
AgentSpeak is an agent-oriented programming language. It is based on logic programming and the belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) architecture for (cognitive) autonomous agents. The language was originally called AgentSpeak(L), but became more popular as AgentSpeak, a term that is also used to refer to the variants of the original language. History In 1996, Anand Rao created a logic-based agent programming language based on the BDI architecture and named it AgentSpeak(L). This became a highly cited paper in the multi-agent systems literature. In its original conception, AgentSpeak was an abstract agent programming language aimed to help the understanding of the relation between practical implementations of the BDI architecture such as procedural reasoning system (PRS) and the formalisation of the ideas behind the BDI architecture using modal logics. Various authors contributed to the further formalisation of the AgentSpeak(L) language. In recent years, the languag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belief–desire–intention Software Model
The belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) is a software model developed for programming intelligent agents. Superficially characterized by the implementation of an agent's ''beliefs'', ''desires'' and ''intentions'', it actually uses these concepts to solve a particular problem in agent programming. In essence, it provides a mechanism for separating the activity of selecting a plan (from a plan library or an external planner application) from the execution of currently active plans. Consequently, BDI agents are able to balance the time spent on deliberating about plans (choosing what to do) and executing those plans (doing it). A third activity, creating the plans in the first place (planning), is not within the scope of the model, and is left to the system designer and programmer. Overview In order to achieve this separation, the BDI software model implements the principal aspects of Michael Bratman's theory of human practical reasoning (also referred to as Belief-D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agent-oriented Programming
Agent-oriented programming (AOP) is a programming paradigm where the construction of the software is centered on the concept of software agents. In contrast to object-oriented programming which has objects (providing methods with variable parameters) at its core, AOP has externally specified agents (with interfaces and messaging capabilities) at its core. They can be thought of as abstractions of objects. Exchanged messages are interpreted by receiving "agents", in a way specific to its class of agents. History Historically, the concept of agent-oriented programming and the idea of centering software around the concept of an Agent was introduced by Yoav Shoham within his artificial intelligence studies in 1990. His agents are specific to his own paradigm as they have only one method, with one parameter. To quote Yoav Shoham from his paper in 1990 for a basic difference between AOP and OOP: Frameworks There are multiple AOP 'frameworks', also called agent platforms, that imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procedural Reasoning System
In artificial intelligence, a procedural reasoning system (PRS) is a framework for constructing real-time reasoning systems that can perform complex tasks in dynamic environments. It is based on the notion of a rational agent or intelligent agent using the belief–desire–intention software model. A user application is predominately defined, and provided to a PRS system is a set of ''knowledge areas''. Each knowledge area is a piece of procedural knowledge that specifies how to do something, e.g., how to navigate down a corridor, or how to plan a path (in contrast with robotic architectures where the programmer just provides a model of what the states of the world are and how the agent's primitive actions affect them). Such a program, together with a PRS interpreter, is used to control the agent. The interpreter is responsible for maintaining beliefs about the world state, choosing which goals to attempt to achieve next, and choosing which knowledge area to apply in the cur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark D'Inverno
Mark d'Inverno (born 29 August 1965) is a British computer scientist, currently a professor of Computer Science at Goldsmiths, University of London, in east London, England. Biography d'Inverno studied for an MA in Mathematics and an MSc in Computation at St Catherine's College, Oxford. He was awarded a PhD from University College London in artificial intelligence. For four years between 2007 and 2011, d'Inverno head of the Department of Computing, which has championed interdisciplinary research and teaching around computers and creativity for nearly a decade. He has published over 100 articles including books, journal and conference articles and has led recent research projects in a diverse range of fields relating to computer science including multi-agent systems, systems biology, art, design, and music. He is currently the principal investigator or co-investigator on a range of projects including designing systems for sharing online cultural experiences, connecting communit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Distributed Multi-agent Reasoning System
{{nofootnotes, date=May 2010 In artificial intelligence, the distributed multi-agent reasoning system (dMARS) was a platform for intelligent software agents developed at the AAII that makes uses of the belief–desire–intention software model (BDI). The design for dMARS was an extension of the intelligent agent cognitive architecture developed at SRI International called procedural reasoning system (PRS). The most recent incarnation of this framework is the JACK Intelligent Agents platform. Overview dMARS was an agent-oriented development and implementation environment written in C++ for building complex, distributed, time-critical systems. See also * Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute * Intelligent agent * JACK Intelligent Agents * AgentSpeak References * d'Inverno, M., Luck, M., Georgeff, M., Kinny, D. and Wooldridge, M. (2004)The dMARS Architecture: A Specification of the Distributed Multi-Agent Reasoning System. '' Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Logic Programming
Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical form, representing knowledge about some problem domain. Computation is performed by applying logical reasoning to that knowledge, to solve problems in the domain. Major logic programming language families include Prolog, Answer Set Programming (ASP) and Datalog. In all of these languages, rules are written in the form of ''clauses'': :A :- B1, ..., Bn. and are read as declarative sentences in logical form: :A if B1 and ... and Bn. A is called the ''head'' of the rule, B1, ..., Bn is called the ''body'', and the Bi are called '' literals'' or conditions. When n = 0, the rule is called a ''fact'' and is written in the simplified form: :A. Queries (or goals) have the same syntax as the bodies of rules and are commonly written in the form: :?- B1, ..., Bn. In the simplest case of Horn clauses (or "definite" clauses), all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cognitive Architecture
A cognitive architecture is both a theory about the structure of the human mind and to a computational instantiation of such a theory used in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and computational cognitive science. These formalized models can be used to further refine comprehensive theories of cognition and serve as the frameworks for useful artificial intelligence programs. Successful cognitive architectures include ACT-R (Adaptive Control of Thought – Rational) and SOAR. The research on cognitive architectures as software instantiation of cognitive theories was initiated by Allen Newell in 1990. A theory for a cognitive architecture is an "''hypothesis about the fixed structures that provide a mind, whether in natural or artificial systems, and how they work together — in conjunction with knowledge and skills embodied within the architecture — to yield intelligent behavior in a diversity of complex environments." History Herbert A. Simon, one of the founders ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autonomous Agents
An autonomous agent is an artificial intelligence (AI) system that can perform complex tasks independently. Definitions There are various definitions of autonomous agent. According to Brustoloni (1991): According to Maes (1995): Franklin and Graesser (1997) review different definitions and propose their definition: They explain that: Agent appearance Lee et al. (2015) post safety issue from how the combination of external appearance and internal autonomous agent have impact on human reaction about autonomous vehicles. Their study explores the human-like appearance agent and high level of autonomy are strongly correlated with social presence, intelligence, safety and trustworthiness. In specific, appearance impacts most on affective trust while autonomy impacts most on both affective and cognitive domain of trust where cognitive trust is characterized by knowledge-based factors and affective trust is largely emotion driven See also * Actor model * Ambient intellig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Software Agent
In computer science, a software agent is a computer program that acts for a user or another program in a relationship of agency. The term ''agent'' is derived from the Latin ''agere'' (to do): an agreement to act on one's behalf. Such "action on behalf of" implies the authority to decide which, if any, action is appropriate. Some agents are colloquially known as ''Bot (other), bots'', from ''robot''. They may be embodied, as when execution is paired with a robot body, or as software such as a chatbot executing on a computer, such as a mobile device, e.g. Siri. Software agents may be autonomous or work together with other agents or people. Software agents interacting with people (e.g. chatbots, human-robot interaction environments) may possess human-like qualities such as natural language understanding and speech, personality or embody humanoid form (see Asimo). Related and derived concepts include ''intelligent agents'' (in particular exhibiting some aspects of artificia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
