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Afternoon, A Story
''afternoon, a story'', spelled with a lowercase 'a', is a work of electronic literature written in 1987 by American author Michael Joyce. It was published by Eastgate Systems in 1990 and is known as one of the first works of hypertext fiction. ''afternoon'' was first offered to the public as a demonstration of the hypertext authoring system Storyspace, announced in 1987 at the first Association for Computing Machinery Hypertext conference in a paper by Michael Joyce and Jay David Bolter. In 1990, it was published on diskette and distributed in the same form by Eastgate Systems. It was followed by a series of other Storyspace hypertext fictions, including Stuart Moulthrop's ''Victory Garden'', Shelley Jackson's '' Patchwork Girl'' and Deena Larsen's ''Marble Springs''. Eastgate continues to publish the work in the 2010s and distributes it on a USB flash drive. Plot and structure The hypertext fiction tells the story of Peter, a recently divorced man who witnessed a car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USB Flash Drive
A USB flash drive (also called a thumb drive) is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated USB interface. It is typically removable, rewritable and much smaller than an optical disc. Most weigh less than . Since first appearing on the market in late 2000, as with virtually all other computer memory devices, storage capacities have risen while prices have dropped. , flash drives with anywhere from 8 to 256 gigabytes (GB) were frequently sold, while 512 GB and 1 terabyte (TB) units were less frequent. As of 2018, 2 TB flash drives were the largest available in terms of storage capacity. Some allow up to 100,000 write/erase cycles, depending on the exact type of memory chip used, and are thought to physically last between 10 and 100 years under normal circumstances ( shelf storage timeUSB flash drives allow reading, writing, and erasing of data, with some allowing 1 million write/erase cycles in each cell of memory: if there were 100 uses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypertext
Hypertext is E-text, text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access. Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse (computing), mouse click, keypress set, or screen touch. Apart from text, the term "hypertext" is also sometimes used to describe tables, images, and other presentational content formats with integrated hyperlinks. Hypertext is one of the key underlying concepts of the World Wide Web, where Web pages are often written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). As implemented on the Web, hypertext enables the easy-to-use publication of information over the Internet. Etymology The English prefix "hyper-" comes from the Greek language, Greek prefix "ὑπερ-" and means "over" or "beyond"; it has a common origin with the prefix "super-" which comes from Latin. It signifies the overcoming of the previous linear con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dene Grigar
Dene Grigar is a digital artist and scholar based in Vancouver, Washington. She was the President of the Electronic Literature Organization from 2013 to 2019. In 2016, Grigar received the International Digital Media and Arts Association's Lifetime Achievement Award. Early life and career Dene Grigar married John Barber. Her mother is from what was then Czechoslovakia. Scholarship Grigar is Professor and Director of the Creative Media & Digital Culture Program at Washington State University Vancouver. Her scholarship is largely focused on electronic literature, and has appeared in journals like ''Computers and Composition'' and ''Technoculture.'' She co-authored ''Traversals: The Use of Preservation for Early Electronic Writing'' (MIT Press 2017) with Stuart Moulthrop. The book was a product of a 2013 National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) Startup Grant. Grigar's scholarly interests can be traced back to the early 1990s, when she took a class with Nancy Kaplan. Grigar h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jill Walker Rettberg
Jill Walker Rettberg (born Jill Walker in 1971) is Professor of Digital Culture at the University of Bergen. She is "a leading researcher in self-representation in social media" and a European Research Council grantee (2018-2023) with the project ''Machine Vision in Everyday Life: Playful Interactions with Visual Technologies in Digital Art, Games, Narratives and Social Media'.'' Rettberg is known for innovative research dissemination in social media, having started her research blojill/txtin 2000, and developed ''Snapchat Research Stories'' in 2017. Education and academic career After completing an MA in Comparative Literature at the University of Bergen in 1998, Rettberg worked for a year on a research project developing educational MOOs, and in 2003 completed a doctoral degree in Humanistic Informatics at the University of Bergen under the supervision of Espen Aarseth. Rettberg was hired as an associate professor at the University of Bergen after her PhD, and was promoted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Landow (professor)
George Paul Landow (b. 25 August 1940) is Professor of English and Art History Emeritus at Brown University. He is a leading authority on Victorian literature, art, and culture, as well as a pioneer in criticism and theory of Electronic literature, hypertext and hypermedia. He also pioneered the use of hypertext and the web in higher education. Work George Landow has published extensively on John Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, specifically the life and works of William Holman Hunt. Landow is also a leading theorist of hypertext, of the effects of digital technology on language, and of electronic media on literature. While his early work on hypertext sought to establish design rules for efficient hypertext communication, he is especially noted for his book ''Hypertext: The Convergence of Contemporary Literary Theory and Technology'', first published in 1992, which is considered a "landmark" in the academic study of electronic writing systems, and states the view that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narratology
Narratology is the study of narrative and narrative structure and the ways that these affect human perception. It is an anglicisation of French ''narratologie'', coined by Tzvetan Todorov (''Grammaire du Décaméron'', 1969). Its theoretical lineage is traceable to Aristotle (''Poetics'') but modern narratology is agreed to have begun with the Russian Formalists, particularly Vladimir Propp (''Morphology of the Folktale'', 1928), and Mikhail Bakhtin's theories of heteroglossia, dialogism, and the chronotope first presented in ''The Dialogic Imagination'' (1975). Cognitive narratology is a more recent development that allows for a broader understanding of narrative. Rather than focus on the structure of the story, cognitive narratology asks "how humans make sense of stories" and "how humans use stories as sense-making instruments". Defining narrative Structuralist narratologists like Rimmon-Kenan define narrative fiction as "the narration of a succession of fictional eve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postmodern Literature
Postmodern literature is a form of literature that is characterized by the use of metafiction, unreliable narration, self-reflexivity, intertextuality, and which often thematizes both historical and political issues. This style of experimental literature emerged strongly in the United States in the 1960s through the writings of authors such as Kurt Vonnegut, Thomas Pynchon, William Gaddis, Philip K. Dick, Kathy Acker, and John Barth. Postmodernists often challenge authorities, which has been seen as a symptom of the fact that this style of literature first emerged in the context of political tendencies in the 1960s.Linda Hutcheon (1988) ''A Poetics of Postmodernism.'' London: Routledge, pp. 202-203. This inspiration is, among other things, seen through how postmodern literature is highly self-reflexive about the political issues it speaks to. Precursors to postmodern literature include Miguel de Cervantes’ ''Don Quixote'' (1605–1615), Laurence Sterne’s ''Tristram Shandy' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modernist Literature
Literary modernism, or modernist literature, originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is characterized by a self-conscious break with traditional ways of writing, in both poetry and prose fiction writing. Modernism experimented with literary form and expression, as exemplified by Ezra Pound's maxim to "Make it new." This literary movement was driven by a conscious desire to overturn traditional modes of representation and express the new sensibilities of their time. The horrors of the First World War saw the prevailing assumptions about society reassessed, and much modernist writing engages with the technological advances and societal changes of modernity moving into the 20th century. Origins and precursors In the 1880s, increased attention was given to the idea that it was necessary to push aside previous norms entirely, instead of merely revising past knowledge in light of contemporary techniques. The theories of Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), and Ernst Mach (183 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cybertext
Cybertext is the organization of text in order to analyze the influence of the medium as an integral part of the literary dynamic, as defined by Espen Aarseth in 1997. Aarseth defined it as a type of ergodic literature where user traverses the text by doing non-trivial work. Definition Cybertexts are pieces of literature where the medium matters. Each user obtains a different outcome based on the choices they make. According to Aarseth, "information is here understood as a string of signs, which may (but does not have to) make sense to a given observer." Cybertexts may be equated to the transition between a linear piece of literature, such as a novel, and a game. In a novel, the reader has no choice, the plot and the characters are all chosen by the author, there is no 'user', just a 'reader', this is important because it entails that the person working their way through the novel is not an active participant. Cybertext is based on the idea that getting to the message is just as i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Espen J
Espen is a Norwegian masculine given name. In Norway it reached the peak of its popularity between 1970 and 1990, during which period approximately 1.1% of children were given that name. Origin and variants It originated as a variant of Asbjørn or Esben. Given name Notable people with the given name include: Artists * Espen Aalberg, Norwegian jazz musician, drummer * Espen Berg (musician) (born 1983), Norwegian musician, arranger and composer * Espen Dietrichson (born 1976), Norwegian artist * Espen Eckbo (born 1973), Norwegian actor, writer and comedian * Espen Sommer Eide (born 1972), Norwegian composer and musician * Espen Eriksen, Norwegian jazz musician founder of Espen Eriksen Trio * Espen Grjotheim (born 1976), Norwegian singer and actor * Espen Haavardsholm (born 1945), Norwegian novelist, poet, biographer and essayist * Espen Klouman Høiner (born 1981), Norwegian writer and actor * Espen Beranek Holm (born 1960), Norwegian pop artist and comedian * Espen L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deena Larsen
Deena Larsen (born 1964) is a new media and hypertext fiction author involved in the creative electronic writing community since the 1980s. Her work has been published in online journals such as the ''Iowa Review Web'', ''Cauldron and Net'', ''frAme'', ''inFLECT'', and ''Blue Moon Review''. Since May 2007, the Deena Larsen Collection of early electronic literature has been housed at the Maryland Institute for Technology in the Humanities. Education In 1986, Larsen received her BA in English and Logic from the University of Northern Colorado. Her undergraduate thesis, ''Nansense Ya Snorsted: A logical look at nonsense,'' received the university's 1986 Best Thesis Award. In 1991, after spending time in San Francisco and Japan, she returned to Colorado and earned her MA in English from the University of Colorado where she wrote one of the first MA thesis on hypertext titled ''Hypertext and Hyperpossibilities''. Career and influence Larsen has been noted by the Electronic Literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
