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Adolphe Messimy
Adolphe Marie Messimy (31 January 1869 – 1 September 1935) was a French politician and general. He served as Minister of War in 1911–12 and then again for a few months during the outbreak of and first three weeks of the First World War. Having begun his career as an army officer, he returned to the Army and successfully commanded a brigade at the Battle of the Somme, and later a division. Defeated for re-election to the Chamber of Deputies in 1919, he served as an influential senator from 1923 until his death in 1935. Early and personal life Born in Lyon on 31 January 1869, Adolphe Messimy was the eldest son of notary Paul Charles Léon Messimy and Laurette Marie Anne Girodon. He married Andrée, the daughter of Victor Cornil, whom he divorced in 1921. His second marriage, in 1923, was to Marie-Louise Blanc (née Viallar), a widow. He had two children from each marriage. Tuchman described him as “an exuberant, energetic, almost violent man, with … bright peasant’s eye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adolphe Messimy 1914
''Adolphe'' is a classic French novel by Benjamin Constant, first published in 1816. It tells the story of an alienated young man, Adolphe, who falls in love with an older woman, Ellénore, the Polish mistress of the Comte de P***. Their illicit relationship serves to isolate them from their friends and from society at large. The book eschews all conventional descriptions of exteriors for the sake of detailed accounts of feelings and states of mind. Constant began the novel on 30 October 1806, and completed it some time before 1810. While still working on it he read drafts to individual acquaintances and to small audiences, and after its first publication in London and Paris in June 1816 it went through three further editions: in July 1816 (new preface), July 1824 in Paris (restorations to Ch. 8, third preface), and in 1828. Many variants appear, mostly alterations to Constant's somewhat archaic spelling and punctuation. Plot summary Adolphe, the narrator, is the son of a go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radical Party (France)
The Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party (french: Parti républicain, radical et radical-socialiste) is a liberal and formerly social-liberal political party in France. It is also often referred to simply as the Radical Party (french: Parti radical), or to prevent confusion with other French Radical parties as the ''Parti radical valoisien'' (after its headquarters on the rue de Valois), abbreviated to Rad, PR, PRV, or historically PRRRS. Founded in 1901, it is the oldest active political party in France. Coming from the Radical Republican tradition, the Radical Party upheld the principles of private property, social justice and secularism. The Radicals were originally a left-wing group, but with the emergence of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) in 1905 they shifted gradually towards the political centre Centrism is a political outlook or position involving acceptance or support of a balance of social equality and a degree of social hiera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor-Constant Michel
Général Victor-Constant Michel (30 January 1850 – 8 November 1937) was a French General officer. He led the French Army in 1911, but following his opposition to the French strategy for war with Germany was replaced by General Joseph Joffre in July 1911. In August 1914, he was the Military governor of Paris, but was replaced later that month by General Joseph Gallieni. Early career Michel was born in the village of Auteuil (now part of the 16th arrondissement of Paris), the son of a policeman. He attended the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr from 1867 to 1869. On 1 January 1870, he entered the École d'état-major (Staff College), but the Franco-Prussian War made him leave school in October 1870 to join the 13th Army Corps and he served at the Siege of Paris as a lieutenant. In November 1870, he was assigned to the 3rd Division of the 2nd Army of Paris as a lieutenant. During the Battle of Villiers on 30 November 1870, he was wounded in the face. After the war, Michel w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of France
The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country, the position is the highest office in France. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, in addition to their relation with the Prime Minister of France, prime minister and Government of France, have over time differed with the various constitutional documents since the French Second Republic, Second Republic. The president of the French Republic is the ''Ex officio member, ex officio'' Co-Princes of Andorra, co-prince of Andorra, grand master of the Legion of Honour and of the Ordre national du Mérite, National Order of Merit. The officeholder is also honorary proto-canon of the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome, although some have rejected the title in the past. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Moroccan Crisis
The Agadir Crisis, Agadir Incident, or Second Moroccan Crisis was a brief crisis sparked by the deployment of a substantial force of French troops in the interior of Morocco in April 1911 and the deployment of the German gunboat to Agadir, a Moroccan Atlantic port. Germany did not object to France's expansion but wanted territorial compensation for itself. Berlin threatened warfare, sent a gunboat, and stirred up German nationalists. Negotiations between Berlin and Paris resolved the crisis on 4 November 1911: France took over Morocco as a protectorate in exchange for territorial concessions to German Cameroon from the French Congo. In Britain, David Lloyd George, then Chancellor of the Exchequer, made a dramatic "Mansion House, London, Mansion House" speech on 21 July 1911 – with the consent of the prime minister and Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey, bypassing the non-interventionist majority in the Cabinet – that denounced the German move as an intolerable hum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SMS Panther
SMS ''Panther'' was one of six ''Iltis''-class gunboats of the Kaiserliche Marine and, like its sister ships, served in Germany's overseas colonies. The ship was launched on 1 April 1901 in the Kaiserliche Werft, Danzig. It had a crew of 9 officers and 121 men. Design ''Panther'' was long overall and had a beam of and a draft of forward. She displaced at full load. Her propulsion system consisted of a pair of vertical triple-expansion steam engines each driving a single screw propeller, with steam supplied by four coal-fired Thornycroft boilers. ''Panther'' could steam at a top speed of at . The ship had a cruising radius of about at a speed of .Gröner, p. 142 She had a crew of 9 officers and 121 enlisted men.Gröner, p. 143 ''Panther'' was armed with a main battery of two SK L/40 guns, with 482 rounds of ammunition. She also carried six machine guns. Service history ''Panther'' was laid down at the ''Kaiserliche Werft'' (Imperial Shipyard) in Danzi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Caillaux
Joseph-Marie–Auguste Caillaux (; 30 March 1863 Le Mans – 22 November 1944 Mamers) was a French politician of the Third Republic. He was a leader of the French Radical Party and Minister of Finance, but his progressive views in opposition to the military alienated him from conservative elements. He was accused of corruption, but was cleared by a parliamentary commission. This political weakness strengthened the right wing elements in the Radical Party. Biography After studying law and following lectures at the École des Sciences Politiques, he entered the civil service in 1888 as an inspector of finance, and spent most of his official career in Algiers. Standing as a Republican candidate in the elections of 1898 for the department of the Sarthe, in opposition to the Duc de la Rochefoucault-Bisaccia, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies by 12,929 votes to 11,737. He became Minister of Finance in the Waldeck-Rousseau Cabinet, and after its fall it was not until the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of Defence (France)
The Minister of the Armed Forces (french: Ministre des armées, ) is the leader and most senior official of the French Ministry of the Armed Forces, tasked with running the French Armed Forces. The minister is the third highest civilian having authority over France's military, behind only the President of the Republic and the Prime Minister. Based on the governments, they may be assisted by a minister or state secretary for veterans' affairs. The office is considered to be one of the core positions of the Government of France. Since 20 May 2022, the Minister of the Armed Forces has been Sébastien Lecornu, the 45th person to hold the office. History The minister in charge of the Armed Forces has evolved within the epoque and regimes. The Secretary of State of War was one of the four specialised secretaries of state established in France in 1589. This State Secretary was responsible for the French Army (similarly, the Naval Ministers of France and the Colonies was create ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Monis
Antoine Emmanuel Ernest Monis (; 23 May 1846 in Châteauneuf-sur-Charente – 25 May 1929 in Mondouzil) was a French politician of the Third Republic, deputy of Gironde from 1885 to 1889 and then senator of the same department from 1891 to 1920. He was also Minister of Justice in Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau's Bloc des gauches's cabinet (1899–1902) and Minister of the Navy in Gaston Doumergue's cabinet in 1913–1914. Monis and his son were both injured in the opening event of the 1911 Paris to Madrid air race. Monis's Ministry, 2 March – 27 June 1911 *Ernest Monis – President of the Council and Minister of the Interior and Worship * Jean Cruppi – Minister of Foreign Affairs *Maurice Berteaux – Minister of War *Joseph Caillaux – Minister of Finance *Joseph Paul-Boncour – Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions * Antoine Perrier – Minister of Justice *Théophile Delcassé – Minister of Marine *Théodore Steeg – Minister of Public Instruction and Fine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister Of The Colonies (France)
The Minister of the Overseas (french: Ministre des Outre-mer) is the official in charge of the Ministry of the Overseas in the Government of the French Republic, responsible for overseeing Overseas France. The office was titled Minister of the Colonies (french: Ministre des Colonies, links=no) until 1946. The position is currently held by Jean-François Carenco, who succeeded Élisabeth Borne (as acting minister) on 4 July 2022. Officeholders Minister of the Colonies (1894–1946) * 20 March – 30 May 1894 : Ernest Boulanger * 30 May 1894 – 26 January 1895 : Théophile Delcassé * 26 January – 1 November 1895 : Émile Chautemps * 4 November 1895 – 29 April 1896 : Pierre-Paul Guieysse * 29 April 1896 – 31 May 1898 : André Lebon * 31 May – 28 June 1898 : Gabriel Hanotaux * 28 June – 1 November 1898 : Georges Trouillot * 1 November 1898 – 22 June 1899 : Florent Guillain * 22 June 1899 – 7 June 1902 : Albert Decrais * 7 June 1902 – 24 January 1905 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1910 French Legislative Election
The 1910 general election was held on 24 April and 8 May 1910. The elections resulted in a huge victory for the governing coalition of Radicals and Left Republicans (in large part due to the effective merger of the Radicals and Independent Radicals), allowing the incumbent premier Aristide Briand to form a second government. Aristide Briand, himself an Independent Socialist, would unite his small, loosely-aligned, pro-government faction of socialists into the Republican-Socialist Party in 1911. Results Popular Vote Sources *L'Humanité25 April 1910'': Popular Vote'' *http ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1906 French Legislative Election
The 1906 general election was held on 6 and 20 May 1906. The elections produced an increased majority for the governing coalition between the Radicals (PRRRS) and the left Republicans (ARD), which had held power under the premierships of Maurice Rouvier and Ferdinand Sarrien since January 1905. Sarrien resigned on 20 October for reasons of health. Georges Clemenceau, also a Radical, replaced him, and remained premier until July 1909, after which he went on to become one of the longest-serving French Prime Ministers. The Bloc des gauches formally dissolved with Clemenceau's coming to power. Electoral System By the law of 13 February 1889 , French legislative elections would take place utilising a first past the post system to elect one deputy in each constituency to the Chamber of Deputies (France), with some arrondissements An arrondissement (, , ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Nether ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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