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Active Network Management
In electricity distribution circuits, Active Network Management (ANM) describes control systems that manage generation and load for specific purposes. This is usually done to keep system parameters (voltage, power, phase balance, reactive power and frequency) within predetermined limits. ANM generally refers to automated systems. Details Real-time or near-real-time measurements are used with a model of the system to determine the control signals that need to be sent to users and generators. These will be requests to adjust power or other parameters. Other equipment can also be included in an ANM system that balances phases, pushes or pulls reactive power or switches circuits to achieve the desired results. The results of the requested changes are monitored and fed back into the data model. Predictive and forecasting methods may be used to prepare the network for anticipated conditions. This may include delaying load from being connected if an increase in power generation (say fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Control Systems Engineering
Control engineering or control systems engineering is an engineering discipline that deals with control systems, applying control theory to design equipment and systems with desired behaviors in control environments. The discipline of controls overlaps and is usually taught along with electrical engineering and mechanical engineering at many institutions around the world. The practice uses sensors and detectors to measure the output performance of the process being controlled; these measurements are used to provide corrective feedback helping to achieve the desired performance. Systems designed to perform without requiring human input are called automatic control systems (such as cruise control for regulating the speed of a car). Multi-disciplinary in nature, control systems engineering activities focus on implementation of control systems mainly derived by mathematical modeling of a diverse range of systems. Overview Modern day control engineering is a relatively new field of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
YouTube
YouTube is a global online video platform, online video sharing and social media, social media platform headquartered in San Bruno, California. It was launched on February 14, 2005, by Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim. It is owned by Google, and is the List of most visited websites, second most visited website, after Google Search. YouTube has more than 2.5 billion monthly users who collectively watch more than one billion hours of videos each day. , videos were being uploaded at a rate of more than 500 hours of content per minute. In October 2006, YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion. Google's ownership of YouTube expanded the site's business model, expanding from generating revenue from advertisements alone, to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subscription option for watching content without ads. YouTube also approved creators to participate in Google's Google AdSens ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Energy Networks Association (United Kingdom)
The Energy Networks Association (ENA) is the industry body funded by UK gas and electricity transmission and distribution licence holders. History ENA was formed in October 2003 from the dissolution of the Electricity Association into three separate industry bodies: * Energy Networks Association * Association of Electricity Producers * Energy Retail Association Following the demerger of the Gas Distribution Network operations of British Gas Transco, they also joined ENA. Structure ENA member companies are: * National Grid * National Grid ESO * UK Power Networks * Western Power Distribution * Scottish and Southern Energy * Northern Powergrid * Scottish Power * Electricity North West * Northern Ireland Electricity * GTC * Cadent Gas * SGN * Northern Gas Networks * Wales & West Utilities * ESB Networks * Northern Ireland Electricity * Fulcrum * Inexus (list last updated April 2018). Function ENA's role is to provide a strategic focus for the energy networks sector by comm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voltage Control And Reactive Power Management
Voltage control and reactive power management are two facets of an ancillary service that enables reliability of the transmission networks and facilitates the electricity market on these networks. Both aspects of this activity are intertwined (voltage change in an alternating current (AC) network is effected through production or absorption of reactive power), so within this article the term ''voltage control'' will be primarily used to designate this essentially single activity, as suggested by Kirby & Hirst (1997). Voltage control does not include reactive power injections within one AC cycle, these are a part of a separate ancillary service, so called system stability service. The transmission of reactive power is limited by its nature, so the voltage control is provided through pieces of equipment distributed throughout the power grid, unlike the frequency control that is based on maintaining the overall active power balance in the system. Need for voltage control Kirby & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smart Grids
A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operation and energy measures including: *Advanced metering infrastructure (of which smart meters are a generic name for any utility side device even if it is more capable e.g. a fiber optic router) *Smart distribution boards and circuit breakers integrated with home control and demand response (''behind the meter'' from a utility perspective) **Load control switches and smart appliances, often financed by efficiency gains on municipal programs (e.g. PACE financing) *Renewable energy resources, including the capacity to charge parked (electric vehicle) batteries or larger arrays of batteries recycled from these, or other energy storage. *Energy efficient resources *Sufficient utility grade fiber broadband to connect and monitor the above, with wireless as a backup. Sufficient spare if "dark" capacity to ensure failover, often leased for revenue. Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrical Circuits
An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g., batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches, transistors) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g., voltage sources, current sources, resistances, inductances, capacitances). An electrical circuit is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current. Linear electrical networks, a special type consisting only of sources (voltage or current), linear lumped elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors), and linear distributed elements (transmission lines), have the property that signals are linearly superimposable. They are thus more easily analyzed, using powerful frequency domain methods such as Laplace transforms, to determine DC response, AC response, and transient response. A resistive circuit is a circuit containing only resistors and ideal current and voltage sources. Analysis of resistive circuits is less complicated t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smart Grid
A smart grid is an electrical grid which includes a variety of operation and energy measures including: *Advanced metering infrastructure (of which smart meters are a generic name for any utility side device even if it is more capable e.g. a fiber optic router) *Smart distribution boards and circuit breakers integrated with home control and demand response (''behind the meter'' from a utility perspective) **Load control switches and smart appliances, often financed by efficiency gains on municipal programs (e.g. PACE financing) *Renewable energy resources, including the capacity to charge parked (electric vehicle) batteries or larger arrays of batteries recycled from these, or other energy storage. *Energy efficient resources *Sufficient utility grade fiber broadband to connect and monitor the above, with wireless as a backup. Sufficient spare if "dark" capacity to ensure failover, often leased for revenue. Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
