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Abu L-Khattab
Abū l-Khaṭṭāb Muḥammad ibn Abī Zaynab Miqlāṣ al-Asadī (Arabic: اَبُوالخَطّاب مُحَمَّد بن أبی زَینَب المِقلاص الأَسَدی) nicknamed ''al-Barrād al-Ajda'' (Arabic: البَرّاد الأَجدَع) was the founder of the Ghuli sect Khattabiyya, and was cursed by Ja'far al-Sadiq for his extreme beliefs. He is also considered among the revolutionaries of the beginning of the Abbasid era (c. 138/755). Beliefs According to Saad Ash'ari, which is confirmed by other sources, including various narrations of Kashi, Abul Khattab initially claimed that al-Sadiq made him his guardian and taught him the esm aazam (great divine name). Some time later, he claimed to be a "prophet" and after that he claimed to be a "messenger". Then he said that he is one of the angels and the messenger of God to the people of the earth. The report of Saad Ash'ari tells that the earlier khatabiyya considered al-Sadiq as a God and Abul Khattab as a messeng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghulat
The ( ar, غلاة, 'exaggerators', 'extremists', 'transgressors', singular ) were a branch of early Shi'i Muslims thus named by other Shi'i and Sunni Muslims for their purportedly 'exaggerated' veneration of the prophet Muhammad (–632) and his family, most notably Ali ibn Abi Talib (–661) and his descendants, the Shi'i Imams. The term mainly refers to a wide variety of now extinct Shi'i sects who were active in 8th/9th-century Kufa (southern Iraq), and who despite their sometimes significant differences shared a number of common ideas. These common ideas included the attribution of a divine nature to the Imams, the belief that souls can migrate between different human and non-human bodies ( or metempsychosis), a particular creation myth involving pre-existent 'shadows' () whose fall from grace produced the material world, and an emphasis on secrecy and dissociation from outsiders. The ideas of the have at times been compared to those of the late antique gnostics, but th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khattabiyya
Khaṭṭābiyya was the name of a Ghulat, Ghali sect founded by Abu l-Khattab in Kufa. Abu l-Khattab claimed that Ja'far al-Sadiq, the 6th Twelve Imams, Imam of Shias, chose him as deputy and legatee (''waṣī'') and taught him the Greatest Name of God (''Al-Ism al-A'zam''). He was among the companions of al-Sadiq first, but then around 748 was rejected and cursed by him for his extremist ideas. The tension between Abu l-Khattab and al-Sadiq caused Abu l-Khattab's followers to split into several smaller sects. Khattabiyyas were known for their beliefs about the divinity of the prophet Muhammad, Ahl al-Bayt, his household, and certain other persons. According to Sa'ad Ash'ari and Muhammad ibn Umar al-Kashshi, Kashshi, the first Khattabis considered al-Sadiq as God and considered Abu l-Khattab as a prophet who was sent by al-Sadiq. Ash'ari Writes that Khattabiyas, headed by Abu l-Khattab, believed that there should be two messengers at any time and the earth should not be empty of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ja'far Al-Sadiq
Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Ṣādiq ( ar, جعفر بن محمد الصادق; 702 – 765 CE), commonly known as Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (), was an 8th-century Shia Muslim scholar, jurist, and theologian.. He was the founder of the Jaʿfarī school of Islamic jurisprudence and the sixth Imam of the Twelver and Ismāʿīlī denominations of Shīʿa Islam. The traditions (''ḥadīth'') recorded from al-Ṣādiq and his predecessor, Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Bāqir, are said to be more numerous than all the ''ḥadīth'' reports preserved from the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the other Shīʿīte Imams combined. Among other theological contributions, he elaborated the doctrine of '' '' (divinely inspired designation of each Imam by the previous Imam) and '' '' (the infallibility of the Imams), as well as that of (religious dissimulation under prosecution). Al-Ṣādiq is also important to Sunnīs as a jurist and transmitter of ''ḥadīth'', and a teacher to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghulat Leaders
The ( ar, غلاة, 'exaggerators', 'extremists', 'transgressors', singular ) were a branch of early Shi'i Muslims thus named by other Shi'i and Sunni Muslims for their purportedly 'exaggerated' veneration of the prophet Muhammad (–632) and his family, most notably Ali ibn Abi Talib (–661) and his descendants, the Shi'i Imams. The term mainly refers to a wide variety of now extinct Shi'i sects who were active in 8th/9th-century Kufa (southern Iraq), and who despite their sometimes significant differences shared a number of common ideas. These common ideas included the attribution of a divine nature to the Imams, the belief that souls can migrate between different human and non-human bodies ( or metempsychosis), a particular creation myth involving pre-existent 'shadows' () whose fall from grace produced the material world, and an emphasis on secrecy and dissociation from outsiders. The ideas of the have at times been compared to those of the late antique gnostics, but the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Kufa
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8th-century Muslim Theologians
The 8th century is the period from 701 ( DCCI) through 800 ( DCCC) in accordance with the Julian Calendar. The coast of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula quickly came under Islamic Arab domination. The westward expansion of the Umayyad Empire was famously halted at the siege of Constantinople by the Byzantine Empire and the Battle of Tours by the Franks. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century.Roberts, J., ''History of the World'', Penguin, 1994. In Europe, late in the century, the Vikings, seafaring peoples from Scandinavia, begin raiding the coasts of Europe and the Mediterranean, and go on to found several important kingdoms. In Asia, the Pala Empire is founded in Bengal. The Tang dynasty reaches its pinnacle under Chinese Emperor Xuanzong. The Nara period begins in Japan. Events * Estimated century in which the poem Beowulf is composed. * Classical Maya civilization begins to decline. * The Kombumerri burial grounds are founded. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Scholars
In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam, including Islamic doctrine and law. By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions ''(madrasas)''. The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of traditional Islamic law. Traditional way of education Students do not associate themselves with a specific educational institution, but rather seek to join renowned teachers. By tradition, a scholar who has completed his studies is approved by his teacher. At the teacher's individual discretion, the student is given the permission for teaching and for the issuing of legal opinions ''( fatwa)''. The official approval is known as the '' ijazat at-tadris wa 'l-ifta'' ("license to teach and issue legal opinions"). Through time, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muslim Writers
Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the main Islamic prophet. The majority of Muslims also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad (''sunnah'') as recorded in traditional accounts (''hadith''). With an estimated population of almost 1.9 billion followers as of 2020 year estimation, Muslims comprise more than 24.9% of the world's total population. In descending order, the percentage of people who identify as Muslims on each continental landmass stands at: 45% of Africa, 25% of Asia and Oceania (collectively), 6% of Europe, and 1% of the Americas. Additionally, in subdivided geographical regions, the figure stands at: 91% of the Middle East–North Africa, 90% of Central Asia, 65% of the Caucasus, 42% of Southeast Asia, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
محمد بن أبي زينب
Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He is believed to be the Seal of the Prophets within Islam. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity, with the Quran as well as his teachings and practices forming the basis of Islamic religious belief. Muhammad was born approximately 570CE in Mecca. He was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His father Abdullah was the son of Quraysh tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, and he died a few months before Muhammad's birth. His mother Amina died when he was six, leaving Muhammad an orphan. He was raised under the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, and paternal uncle, Abu Talib. In later years, he would periodically seclude himsel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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