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Abrotrichini
Abrotrichini, also known as the Andean clade or southern Andean clade,Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1087 is a tribe of rodents in the subfamily Sigmodontinae.D'Elía et al., 2007, p. 188 It includes about fifteen species in four genera,Musser and Carleton, 2005 distributed in South America from southern Peru to southernmost South America, including the Patagonian steppes. The earliest known fossils are from the Pliocene of Argentina. Taxonomy Abrotrichines were universally placed in the tribe Akodontini until the 1990s, and some were even classified within the genus ''Akodon''. Allozyme studies in the early 1990s first provided evidence for their distinction from Akodontini, and in 1999 a study analyzing sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome ''b'' gene found further evidence for the distinction between Akodontini and this group and proposed the name Abrotrichini for the latter.Smith and Patton, 1999, p. 106 The name Abrotrichini remained formally unavailable ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notiomys
''Notiomys edwardsii'', also known as Edwards's long-clawed mouse, Edward's long-clawed akodont,Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1136 or Milne-Edwards' long-clawed mouse, is a rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini from southern Argentina. It is the only species in the genus ''Notiomys'', although species of ''Chelemys'' and ''Geoxus'' were formerly included in that genus. Description Edwards's long-clawed mouse is a small mouse with a short tail, having a total length of about , including a tail of about . The dorsal fur is dense and soft and about long, each hair having a grey shaft and being tipped with ochre, giving an agouti effect. The underparts have grey hairs tipped with white, and the two body colours are separated by grey hairs tipped with orange. The eyes are small, the snout is tipped with a pink, leathery button, and the sides of the muzzle have orange spots. The whiskers are white, the longest being about in length. The pinnae are small and rounded, the thin margins b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrothrix
''Abrothrix'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. It contains the following living species:Teta et al., 2017 *''Abrothrix andina'' *''Abrothrix hershkovitzi'' *''Abrothrix hirta'' *''Abrothrix illutea'' *''Abrothrix jelskii'' *''Abrothrix lanosa'' *'' Abrothrix longipilis'' *''Abrothrix manni'' D'Elia G, Teta P, Upham NS, Pardinas UFJ & Patterson BD (2015Description of a new soft-haired mouse, genus Abrothrix (Sigmodontinae), from the temperate Valdivian rainforest.Journal of Mammalogy 96; 4: 839-853 *''Abrothrix olivacea'' *''Abrothrix sanborni'' *''Abrothrix xanthorhina ''Abrothrix'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. It contains the following living species:Teta et al., 2017 *'' Abrothrix andina'' *'' Abrothrix hershkovitzi'' *'' Abrothrix hirta'' *'' Abrothrix illutea'' *'' Abr ...'' Footnotes References Literature cited *MUSSER, G. G. AND M. D. CARLETON. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Mamma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelemys
''Chelemys'' is a genus of South American rodents in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. Three species—''Chelemys delfini'', ''Chelemys macronyx'', and ''Chelemys megalonyx''—are known, all found in central and southern Chile and Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ....Musser and Carleton, 2005, pp. 1109–1110 References Literature cited * Musser, G.G. and Carleton, M.D. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.)Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. Rodent genera Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Sigmodontinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geoxus
''Geoxus'' is a genus of South American rodents in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. Two species—''Geoxus valdivianus'' and ''Geoxus annectens ''Geoxus annectens'', also known as Pearson's long-clawed akodont or Pearson's long-clawed mouse, is a species of rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. Molecular data suggests that its closest relative is ''Geoxus valdivianus''. ...'' are known. References * Musser, G.G. and Carleton, M.D. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.)Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. Rodent genera Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Sigmodontinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akodon
''Akodon'' is a genus consisting of South American grass mice. They mostly occur south of the Amazon Basin and along the Andes north to Venezuela, but are absent from much of the basin itself, the far south of the continent, and the lowlands west of the Andes. ''Akodon'' is one of the most species-rich genera of Neotropical rodents. Species of ''Akodon'' are known to inhabit a variety of habitats from tropical and tropical moist forests to altiplano and desert. Fossils are known from the late Pliocene onwards. Taxonomy ''Akodon'' is the largest genus in the tribe Akodontini. Three of its synonyms—''Chalcomys'', ''Hypsimys'', and particularly ''Microxus''—have sometimes been regarded as distinct genera. Neomicroxus was separated in 2013. Previously associated with ''Akodon'', the genera ''Abrothrix'', '' Deltamys'', ''Necromys'', ''Thalpomys'', and '' Thaptomys'' are currently recognized as distinct. Some species of the tribe Abrotrichini are called akodons. The genus cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrothrix Lanosus
''Abrothrix lanosus'', also known as the woolly grass mouse or woolly akodont,Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1089 is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in southern Argentina and Chile. It was previously classified in the genus ''Akodon'' rather than ''Abrothrix ''Abrothrix'' is a genus of rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. It contains the following living species:Teta et al., 2017 *''Abrothrix andina'' *''Abrothrix hershkovitzi'' *''Abrothrix hirta'' *''Abrothrix illutea'' *''Abrothri ...''. References Literature cited *Musser, G.G. and Carleton, M.D. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894–1531 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.)Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. *Pardinas, U. and D'Elia, G. 2008. . In IUCN. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2.www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on January 12, 2010. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akodontini
Akodontini is the second most speciose rodent tribe of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. It includes at least 106 living species in 19 genera and is distributed mainly in the southern half of South America, with only two genera extending into Guyana (''Podoxymys'') and Venezuela (''Necromys''). It also includes genera previously placed in tribe Scapteromyini. The following genera are now generally recognized: *''Akodon'' *''Bibimys'' *'' Blarinomys'' *''Brucepattersonius'' *'' Deltamys'' *''Juscelinomys'' *''Kunsia'' *'' Lenoxus'' *''Necromys'' (previously ''Bolomys'' or ''Cabreramys'') *'' Neomicroxus'' *''Oxymycterus'' *''Podoxymys'' *''Scapteromys'' *''Thalpomys'' *'' Thaptomys'' ''Chalcomys'', ''Hypsimys'', and ''Microxus'' have been synonymized under the genus ''Akodon''. Several other genera were previously placed in Akodontini, but are now placed in a separate tribe Abrotrichini Abrotrichini, also known as the Andean clade or southern Andean clade,Musser and Carleton, 2005, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrothrix Sanborni
''Abrothrix sanborni'', also known as Sanborn's grass mouse or Sanborn's akodont, is a species of rodent in the genus ''Abrothrix'' of family Cricetidae. It is found in southern Argentina and Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ..., but may not be distinct from '' A. longipilis''. References Mammals of Argentina Mammals of Chile Abrothrix Mammals described in 1943 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Sigmodontinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abrothrix Jelskii
''Abrothrix jelskii'', also known as Jelski's Altiplano mouse, Jelski's grass mouse,Duff and Lawson, 2004 or the ornate akodont,Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1089 is a species of rodent in the genus ''Abrothrix'' of family Cricetidae. It is found in the altiplano habitat of the Andes from central Peru through Bolivia into northwestern Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th .... Populations classified under ''A. jelskii'' include more than one species. References Literature cited *Bernal, N., Zeballos, H., Vargas, J., Patterson, B., Jayat, J.P., and Pardinas, U. 2008. . In IUCN. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2.www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on January 12, 2010. *Duff, A. and Lawson, A. 2004. Mammals of the World: A checklist. New Haven, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigmodontinae
The rodent subfamily Sigmodontinae includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the species count numbers at least 508. Their distribution includes much of the New World, but the genera are predominantly South American, such as brucies. They invaded South America from Central America as part of the Great American Interchange near the end of the Miocene, about 5 million years ago. Sigmodontines proceeded to diversify explosively in the formerly isolated continent. They inhabit many of the same ecological niches that the Murinae occupy in the Old World. The "Thomasomyini" from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil are generally thought to be not especially related to the "real" Thomasomyini from the northern Andes and the Amazon rainforest. The genera ''Wiedomys'' and '' Sigmodon'' are generally placed in their own tribe, and the "phyll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossorial
A fossorial () animal is one adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, meerkats, and mole salamanders, as well as many beetles, wasps, and bees. Prehistoric evidence The physical adaptation of fossoriality is widely accepted as being widespread among many prehistoric phyla and taxa, such as bacteria and early eukaryotes. Furthermore, fossoriality has evolved independently multiple times, even within a single family. Fossorial animals appeared simultaneously with the colonization of land by arthropods in the late Ordovician period (over 440 million years ago). Other notable early burrowers include ''Eocaecilia'' and possibly ''Dinilysia''. The oldest example of burrowing in synapsids, the lineage which includes modern mammals and their ancestors, is a cynodont, ''Thrinaxodon liorhinus'', found in the Karoo of South Africa, estimated to be 251 million years old. Evidence shows that this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cytochrome B
Cytochrome b within both molecular and cell biology, is a protein found in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. It functions as part of the electron transport chain and is the main subunit of transmembrane cytochrome bc1 and b6f complexes. Function In the mitochondrion of eukaryotes and in aerobic prokaryotes, cytochrome b is a component of respiratory chain complex III () — also known as the bc1 complex or ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase. In plant chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, there is an analogous protein, cytochrome b6, a component of the plastoquinone-plastocyanin reductase (), also known as the b6f complex. These complexes are involved in electron transport, the pumping of protons to create a proton-motive force ( PMF). This proton gradient is used for the generation of ATP. These complexes play a vital role in cells. Structure Cytochrome b/b6 is an integral membrane protein of approximately 400 amino acid residues that probably has 8 transmembrane segments. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
