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Axis Leaders Of World War II
The Axis leaders of World War II were important political and military figures during World War II. The Axis was established with the signing of the Tripartite Pact in 1940 and pursued a strongly militarist and nationalist ideology; with a policy of anti-communism. During the early phase of the war, puppet governments were established in their occupied nations. When the war ended, many of them faced trial for war crimes. The chief leaders were Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany, Benito Mussolini of Fascist Italy, and Hirohito of Imperial Japan. Unlike what happened with the Allies, there was never a joint meeting of the main Axis heads of government, although Mussolini and Hitler met on a regular basis. Kingdom of Bulgaria (1941–1944) *Boris III was the Tsar from 1918 until his death in 1943. * Simeon II was Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 until 1946, was underage and did not have any power. *Kyril, Prince (knyaz) of Bulgaria, head of the regency council, 1943–44. * Bogdan Filov, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1938 Naka Yoshi Sangoku
Events January * January 1 ** The Constitution of Estonia#Third Constitution (de facto 1938–1940, de jure 1938–1992), new constitution of Estonia enters into force, which many consider to be the ending of the Era of Silence and the authoritarian regime. ** state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Safinaz Zulficar, who becomes Farida of Egypt, Queen Farida, in Cairo. * January 27 – The Honeymoon Bridge (Niagara Falls), Honeymoon Bridge at Niagara Falls, New York, collapses as a result of an ice jam. February * February 4 ** Adolf Hitler abolishes the War Ministry and creates the Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (High Command of the Armed Forces), giving him direct control of the German military. In addition, he dismisses political and military leaders considered unsympathetic to his philosophy or policies. Gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Kiril Of Bulgaria
Prince Kiril of Bulgaria, Prince of Preslav ( bg, Кирил, принц Преславски; 17 November 1895 – 1 February 1945) was the second son of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and his first wife Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma. He was a younger brother of Boris III of Bulgaria and a prince regent of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1943 to 1944. He was murdered by Soviet Union sponsored communists. Biography He was born on 17 November 1895 in Sofia as the second son of Ferdinand I of Bulgaria and his first wife, Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma. In September 1936, Prince Kiril accompanied King Edward VIII on a whistle-stop tour of Iceland. Present at the death of his brother, Tsar Boris, on 28 August 1943, Prince Kiril was appointed head of a regency council by the Bulgarian parliament, to act as Head of State until the late Tsar's son, Simeon II of Bulgaria, became 18. Prince Kiril, with the widowed Tsaritsa, Giovanna of Savoy, daughter of the Italian king, led the state funeral f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Bulgarian Air Force
Royal may refer to: People * Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * A member of a royal family Places United States * Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Royal, Illinois, a village * Royal, Iowa, a city * Royal, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Royal, Nebraska, a village * Royal, Franklin County, North Carolina, an unincorporated area * Royal, Utah, a ghost town * Royal, West Virginia, an unincorporated community * Royal Gorge, on the Arkansas River in Colorado * Royal Township (other) Elsewhere * Mount Royal, a hill in Montreal, Canada * Royal Canal, Dublin, Ireland * Royal National Park, New South Wales, Australia Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Royal'' (Jesse Royal album), a 2021 reggae album * '' The Royal'', a British medical drama television series * ''The Royal Magazine'', a monthly British literary magazine published between 1898 and 1939 * ''Royal'' (Indian magazine), a men's lifestyle bimonthly * Royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stoyan Stoyanov
Stoyan Iliev Stoyanov ( bg, Стоян Илиев Стоянов; 12 March 1913 – 13 March 1997) was the highest scoring Bulgarian fighter ace of the Royal Bulgarian Air Force in World War II with 15 victories. Early life Stoyan Stoyanov was born 12 March 1913 in the village of Galata (now a part of the city of Varna). He was one of five siblings. Five months before his birth, his father, a flag bearer of the 8th Sea-Regiment of Varna in the Balkan war, was killed in a battle against the Ottoman Army near the town of Edirne, near Istanbul. Because of his father's death, he was accepted in a school for war-orphans in Varna. He sold newspapers in the streets of Varna. He continued his secondary education in the national Seminary (in Sofia), which he entered in 1930. Military schools and training In 1934 he was granted a scholarship to the higher army school for army officers in Sofia. He passed the examinations with an excellent score and became a cavalry officer. He then a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine Lukasz
Konstantin Ludvig Lukash ( bg, Константин Лудвиг Лукаш; September 16, 1890 in Plovdiv – March 15, 1945) was a Bulgarian officer and Chief of Staff of the Bulgarian Army from 11 August 1941 until the 11 May 1944. Biography Lukash was born on 16 September 1890 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. He successfully applied at the Military School in Sofia. After he graduated on 22 September 1909 he was assigned as lieutenant to a regiment in the 22nd infantry division. On 1 January 1940 he was promoted to Lieutenant General. On 11 August 1941 he became Chief of Staff of the Bulgarian Army until May 11, 1944. After the Bulgarian coup he was arrested on 21 September 1944, sent to the Soviet Union for interrogation on 2 January 1945, sentenced to death by the People's Court established by the government of the Fatherland Front and executed on 15 March 1945 in Sofia. Sources * Oleg Beyda: ''"Wehrmacht Eastern Tours": Bulgarian Officers on the German-Soviet Front, 1941–194 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikola Mikhov
Nikola Mihaylov Mihov ( bg, Никола Михайлов Михов, 11 December 1891 – 1 February 1945) was a Bulgarian lieutenant general of artillery who served as one of the three Regents of Bulgaria for the underage Simeon II (1943–44). Biography left, Meeting between Nikola Mihov, Adolf Hitler, Wilhelm Keitel (centre right) and Alfred Jodl (far right) in 1943 Nikola Mihov was born on 11 December 1891, in Veliko Tarnovo, in the then-Principality of Bulgaria. Graduated from the Sofia Military School in 1911. Commanded an artillery battery during the Balkan Wars, took part in the siege of Odrin. From April 1915 he was an assistant of the artillery inspector at the Military School. During World War I, Mihov commanded a battery in the 15th Artillery Regiment and took part in the capture of the Tutrakan fortress, defended by Romanian troops. In 1917, commanded the 1st horsed artillery unit. In 1922–29, Mihov was an artillery instructor at the Military School, an office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Government-in-exile
The Bulgarian National Government-in-exile ( bg, Българско национално правителство в изгнание, ''Balgarsko natsionalno pravitelstvo v izgnanie'') was a right-wing Bulgarian government-in-exile after the monarchist government of Bulgaria was deposed in a communist backed coup d'état on September 9, 1944, and was replaced by the communist Fatherland Front, which later formed the People's Republic of Bulgaria. The Bulgarian government in exile had very little support among Bulgarians and commanded Bulgarian troops loyal to the Germans. It was dissolved in May 1945, and its prime minister, the Bulgarian nationalist Aleksandar Tsankov, fled to Argentina. History On September 16, 1944, the right-wing leader Aleksandar Tsankov made a radio announcement stating that: "The fight for the liberation of Bulgaria from the Jewish-Bolshevik yoke is in secure hands. The Bulgarian National government calls on fight against the oppressors of our mother ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksandar Tsankov
Aleksandar Tsolov Tsankov ( bg, Александър Цолов Цанков; June 29, 1879 – July 27, 1959) was a leading Bulgarian politician during the interwar period between the two world wars. Biography A professor of political economy at Sofia University from 1910 onwards,Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'' he took a leading role in the overthrow of the government of Aleksandar Stamboliyski in 1923 and was chosen to head the coalition that succeeded the deposed premier. The coup was able to succeed as the Bulgarian Communist Party took a neutral attitude towards the Agrarians rather than supporting Stamboliyski. He became Prime Minister of Bulgaria on 9 June that same year and continued in the role until 4 January 1926. During that period he was the leader of the Democratic Alliance. His premiership was marked by deep internal struggles with the Bulgarian Communist Party, which Tsankov repressed mercilessly, declaring martial law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimon Georgiev
Kimon Georgiev Stoyanov ( bg, Кимон Георгиев Стоянов; August 11, 1882 – September 28, 1969) was a Bulgarian general who was the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bulgaria from 1934 to 1935 and again from 1944 to 1946. Life and career Born in Pazardzhik, Georgiev graduated from the Sofia military academy in 1902. He participated in the Balkan Wars as a company commander and in the First World War as a commander of a battalion. In 1916 he lost an eye due to injuries received in action. He left the army in 1920 with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Georgiev was one of the founders of the Military Union in 1919 and the People's Alliance in 1922. He participated in the organization of the 1923 coup d'état and after that became one of the leaders of the Democratic Alliance. He was the minister for railways, postal service and telegraphs in the first cabinet of Andrey Lyapchev. In the 1930s he became one of the leaders of the right-wing military ''Zveno'' ('Link ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
The Bulgarian Agrarian National Union Britannica also translated to English as Bulgarian Agrarian People's Union ( bg, Български земеделски народен съюз, ''Balgarski Zemedelski Naroden Sayuz''; BZNS) is a devoted to representing the causes of the n ry. It was an agrarian mov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Muraviev
Konstantin Vladov Muraviev ( bg, Константин Владов Муравиев) (5 March 1893, Pazardzhik – 31 January 1965) was a leading member of the Agrarian People's Union who briefly served as Prime Minister of Bulgaria near the end of Bulgaria's involvement in the Second World War on the side of Germany. Muraviev was educated at Robert College of Istanbul, just like Todor Ivanchov, Konstantin Stoilov and many other Bulgarians were at the time. Early career The nephew of Aleksandar Stamboliyski, he was appointed Minister of War under his uncle when aged only 29, although he proved unsuccessful in the post, with his refusal to acknowledge threats of a coup a major factor in the collapse of Stamboliyski's government in 1923. He would hold several other cabinet posts in coalition governments between 1931 and 1934 and his assured performances in these role rehabilitated his political reputation.Marshall Lee Miller, ''Bulgaria During the Second World War'', Stanford U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov
Ivan Ivanov Bagryanov ( bg, Иван Иванов Багрянов) (17 October 1891, in Razgrad – 1 February 1945, in Sofia) was a leading Bulgarian politician who briefly served as Prime Minister during the Second World War. Biography After a career as a diplomat, he was chosen by the Council of Regents, who at the time had power in Bulgaria, to form a government capable of negotiating peace. In contrast to his predecessor, Dobri Bozhilov, Bagryanov was known for his largely pro-Western views. He saw his mission as removing Bulgaria from the war before the arrival of the Red Army and so attempted to open negotiations with the Western Allies. He also opened dialogue with Jewish leaders in an attempt to end anti-Jewish legislation. However, the coup by Michael I of Romania on August 23, 1944 severely damaged this plan as it ended effective Romanian resistance and allowed the Red Army a free hand to advance into Bulgaria. Bagryanov continued his drive to find separate peace, repudi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
