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Areado Grande
Areado Grande is the name given to a group of limestone caves located inside the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, in the municipality of Iporanga, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. It consists of Areado Grande I (SP-077), Areado Grande II (SP-078) being 3400 meters long, Areado Grande III (SP-510) with 6004 linear meters, Areado Grande IV (SP-524), Areado Grande V (SP-525). Other caves in the region of the Areado Grande creek are ''Toca da Pedra Inclinada'', ''Gruta do Toboga'', ''Gruta do Jeep'' (SP-086), ''Gruta da Fenda'' (SP-087), ''Gruta do Baixao'' (SP-088), and Gruta da Cabana (SP-108). See also *List of caves in Brazil This is the List of caves in Brasil with links displayed alphabetically. Caves in Brazil References Parks * Parque da Cascata * Chapada Diamantina National Park See also *List of caves *Speleology {{Authority control Brazil Caves ... References External links Base de Dados do Ministerio do Meio HambienteGoverno Federal - ICMBIO Official Webs ...
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Limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium. This can take place through both biological and nonbiological processes, though biological processes, such as the accumulation of corals and shells in the sea, have likely been more important for the last 540 million years. Limestone often contains fossils which provide scientists with information on ancient environments and on the evolution of life. About 20% to 25% of sedimentary rock is carbonate rock, and most of this is limestone. The remaining carbonate rock is mostly dolomite, a closely related rock, which contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, . ''Magnesian limestone'' is an obsolete and poorly-defined term used variously for dolomite, for limes ...
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Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park
The Alto Ribeira Touristic State Park ( pt, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira) is a state park is the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It protects a mountainous area of Atlantic Forest and is known for its many caves. Location The Alto Ribeira Touristic State Park is divided between the municipalities of Apiaí and Iporanga in the state of São Paulo, lying away from the city of São Paulo. It has over 350 caves, many waterfalls, trails and archaeological and paleontological sites. There are traditional and ''quilombola'' communities in the park. There are four visitor centers and support for enforcement activities and research in order to safeguard and protect the rich natural heritage of the upper Ribeira region, represented by the important biodiversity of the remnants of the Atlantic Forest and its paleontological, archaeological, and historical sites. It is home to one of the most important speleological provinces in Brazil with more than 300 caves registered by the ...
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Iporanga
Iporanga is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 4,199 (2020 est.) in an area of 1152 km². The elevation is 81 m. Iporanga contains parts of the Alto Ribeira and Baixo Ribeira sub-basins of the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. The municipality contains part of the Serra do Mar Environmental Protection Area, created in 1984. It contains part of the Intervales State Park, created in 1995. It contains part of the Caverna do Diabo State Park, created in 2008. It contains 55% of the Quilombos do Médio Ribeira Environmental Protection Area The Quilombos do Médio Ribeira Environmental Protection Area ( pt, Área de Proteção Ambiental dos Quilombos do Médio Ribeira) is an environmental protection area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It supports sustainable development of commu ..., established in 2008. References Municipalities in São Paulo (state) {{SaoPauloState-geo-stub ...
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Sao Paulo
SAO or Sao may refer to: Places * Sao civilisation, in Middle Africa from 6th century BC to 16th century AD * Sao, a town in Boussé Department, Burkina Faso * Saco Transportation Center (station code SAO), a train station in Saco, Maine, U.S. * SAO, the ICAO airline designator for Sahel Aviation Service, Mali * SAO, the IATA airport code for airports in the São Paulo metropolitan area, Brazil * Serb Autonomous Regions during the breakup of Yugoslavia * São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil Science * Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory of the Smithsonian Institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. ** Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog, which assigns SAO catalogue entries * Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Science (SAO RAS) Entertainment * ''Sword Art Online'', a Japanese light novel series ** ''Sword Art Online'' (2012 TV series), an anime adaptation of the light novels * Sao Sao Sao, a Thai pop music trio Other uses * ...
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Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ...
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Gruta Da Cabana
Gruta da Cabana (SP-108) is a limestone cave located inside the Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, in the municipality of Apiaí, São Paulo, Brazil. Although under the protection influence of the other caves along the Areado Grande creek, the cave lies outside the borders of the park. It measures 4185 meters long and 74 meters deep. Recent studies proved that the cave is connected to Gruta Desmoronada (SP-74) through a test conducted by a group of geologists. See also *List of caves in Brazil This is the List of caves in Brasil with links displayed alphabetically. Caves in Brazil References Parks * Parque da Cascata * Chapada Diamantina National Park See also *List of caves *Speleology {{Authority control Brazil Caves ... References External links Base de Dados do Ministerio do Meio HambienteGoverno Federal - ICMBIO Official Website Caves of São Paulo (state) Wild caves {{Caving-stub ...
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List Of Caves In Brazil
This is the List of caves in Brasil with links displayed alphabetically. Caves in Brazil References Parks * Parque da Cascata * Chapada Diamantina National Park See also *List of caves *Speleology {{Authority control Brazil Caves A cave or cavern is a natural void in the ground, specifically a space large enough for a human to enter. Caves often form by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word ''cave'' can refer to smaller openings such as sea ...
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Caves Of São Paulo (state)
A cave or cavern is a natural void in the ground, specifically a space large enough for a human to enter. Caves often form by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word ''cave'' can refer to smaller openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos, that extend a relatively short distance into the rock and they are called ''exogene'' caves. Caves which extend further underground than the opening is wide are called ''endogene'' caves. Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the cave environment. Visiting or exploring caves for recreation may be called ''caving'', ''potholing'', or ''spelunking''. Formation types The formation and development of caves is known as ''speleogenesis''; it can occur over the course of millions of years. Caves can range widely in size, and are formed by various geological processes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, erosion by water, tectonic forces, microorganisms ...
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