|
Architectural, Surveying And Planning (constituency)
The Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was first created in 1985 as Engineering, Architectural, Surveying and Planning for the first ever Legislative Council election in 1985 as one of the original 12 functional constituency seats. The constituency was divided into Engineering and Architectural, Surveying and Planning in 1991. In the 2016 election, the constituency was changed to its current name when the landscape architects were added to the electorates. The constituency is composed of architects, landscape architects, surveyors, and planners and the members of Hong Kong Institute of Architects, Hong Kong Institute of Landscape Architects, Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors, and Hong Kong Institute of Planners entitled to vote at the general meetings of the associations. As of 2020, there are 9,096 registered voters. It is one of the few swing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Functional Constituency (Hong Kong)
In the political systems of Hong Kong, a functional constituency is a professional or special interest group involved in the electoral process. Eligible voters in a functional constituency may include natural persons as well as other designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. (See: legal personality) History The concept of functional constituencies (FC) in Hong Kong was first developed in the release of "Green Paper: A Pattern of District Administration in Hong Kong" on 18 July 1984 when indirect elections were introduced to the Legislative Council for the first time. The paper suggested that the Legislative Council create 24 seats with 12 seats from different professional interest groups. The 11 original functional constituencies created in 1985 were: * First Commercial ( HKGCC) * Second Commercial ( CGCC) * First Industrial ( FHKI) * Second Industrial ( CMAHK) * Financial ( HKAB) * Labour (2 seats) * Social Services ( HKCSS) * Medical ( HKMA) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro-Beijing Camp (Hong Kong)
The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) towards Hong Kong. The term "pro-establishment camp" is regularly in use to label the broader segment of the Hong Kong political arena which has the closer relationship with the establishment, namely the governments of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It is also labeled as the "Patriotic Front" by the pro-Beijing media and sometimes labeled as "loyalists" by the rival pro-democracy camp. The pro-Beijing camp evolved from Hong Kong's pro-CCP faction, often called "leftists", which acted under the direction of the CCP. It launched the 1967 Hong Kong riots against British colonial rule in Hong Kong and had a long rivalry with the pro-Kuomintang bloc. After the Sino-British Joint De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000 Hong Kong Legislative Election
The 2000 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 10 September 2000 for members of the 2nd Legislative Council (LegCo) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). The election returned 24 members from directly elected geographical constituencies, 6 seats from the Election Committee constituency and 30 members from functional constituencies, of which 9 uncontested. The election saw the decline in turnout rate from 53.29 percent in 1998 to 43.57 percent. The Democratic Party was able to maintain the largest party status in the legislature by retaining 12 seats, despite its vote share fell sharply by eight percent, if including Lau Chin-shek from the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (CTU) running in the same ticket with Democrat James To in Kowloon West, from 42 percent in 1998 to 34 percent in 2000. In contrast, the pro-Beijing rival Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) raised its vote share over two years by five percent, to 29.6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1998 Hong Kong Legislative Election
The 1998 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 24 May 1998 for members of the 1st Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) since the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) in 1997. Replacing the Provisional Legislative Council (PLC) strictly controlled by the Beijing government and boycotted by the pro-democracy camp, the elections returned 20 members from directly elected geographical constituencies, 10 seats from the Election Committee constituency and 30 members from functional constituencies, of which 10 were uncontested. Taking the advantage of the proportional representation system installed by Beijing, the pro-Beijing party, the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), the weaker side compared to the more developed pro-democratic party, the Democratic Party recorded a clearer increase in the number of seats in the election. The Democratic Party returned to the Legislative Council as the largest party with 13 sea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Provisional Legislative Council
The Provisional Legislative Council (PLC) was the interim legislature of Hong Kong that operated from 1997 to 1998. The legislature was founded in Guangzhou and sat in Shenzhen from 1996 (with offices in Hong Kong) until the handover in 1997 and moved to Hong Kong to serve as the temporary replacement of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was established by the Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by resolution at its Second Plenary Session on 24 March 1996. The 60 members of the PLC were elected on 21 December 1996 by the 400-member Selection Committee for the First Government of the HKSAR, which also elected the first Chief Executive. The official start date for this council was on 25 January 1997. History 1992 electoral reforms When the Hong Kong Basic Law was promulgated on 4 April 1990, the National People's Congress (NPC) issued a decision on the same day on the formation of the first government and legislature of the Hong Kong Spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Hong Kong Legislative Election
The 1995 Hong Kong Legislative Council election for members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) was held on 17 September 1995. It was the first, and only, fully elected legislative election in the colonial period before transferring Hong Kong's sovereignty to China two years later. The elections returned 20 members from directly elected geographical constituencies, 30 members from indirectly elected functional constituencies, and 10 members from elections committee constituency who were elected by all District Board members. In consequence of Governor Chris Patten's constitutional reforms, which were strongly opposed by the Beijing government, the nine newly created functional constituencies enfranchised around 2.7 million new voters. As the tensions between Britain and China went on, Hong Kong became rapidly politicised. Party politics was getting in shape as the Beijing-loyalist Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), the pro-business Liberal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal Party (Hong Kong)
The Liberal Party (LP) is a pro-Beijing camp (Hong Kong), pro-Beijing, pro-business, and conservative political party in Hong Kong. Led by Tommy Cheung and chaired by Peter Shiu, it holds four seats in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, Legislative Council, and holds five seats in the District Councils of Hong Kong, District Councils. Founded in 1993 on the basis of the Co-operative Resources Centre, the Liberal Party was founded by a group of conservative politicians, businessmen and professionals who were either appointed by the Governor of Hong Kong, colonial governor or indirectly elected through the trade-based functional constituency (Hong Kong), functional constituencies, to counter the liberal United Democrats of Hong Kong who emerged from the 1991 Hong Kong legislative election, first Legislative Council direct election in 1991. Led by Allen Lee, the party adopted a friendly approach with the Central People's Government, Beijing authorities to oppose last governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Business And Professionals Federation Of Hong Kong
The Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 工商專聯; BPF) is a non-partisan think tank in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Mission The mission BPF is: * to help enhance the competitiveness, long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong; * to promote the continuous development of Hong Kong as a free, capitalist and international financial and business centre; * to conduct in-depth studies on issues of strategic importance to Hong Kong's economic, social and political development; and * to promote the importance of strong economic cooperation between Hong Kong and the Mainland. History The BPF was founded in 1990 as a successor to the "Group of 89 members" of the Basic Law Consultative and Drafting Committees, a group of conservative business and professional leaders which opposed to faster pace of democraticsation. It maintained close relationship with other parties of business background, especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Ho
Edward Ho Sing-tin, SBS, OBE, JP, FHKIA (born 1938) is a Hong Kong politician and architect. Section He has served as: * Hong Kong Institute of Architects, President (1983–84) * Board of Hong Kong Industrial Estates Corporation, Chairman (1992–2001) * Accreditation Panel on the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts (1988), member * Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee member (1985–89) * Legislative Council member (1987–2000); * Executive Council member (1991–92) He is an independent non-executive director and member of the Board of the MTR Corporation MTR Corporation Limited is a majority government-owned public transport operator and property developer in Hong Kong which operates the Mass Transit Railway, the most popular public transport network in Hong Kong. It is listed on the Hong ... (since 1991). He was a founding member of the Liberal Party of Hong Kong, and one of the longest-serving Legislative Council members. He was appointed to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 Hong Kong Legislative Election
The 1988 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was an indirect election for members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo); was held on 22 September 1988. It was the second ever election of the Legislative Council in Hong Kong history based on the 1987 Review of Developments in Representative Government, as the Government's democratisation process according to the agreement of the Sino-British Joint Declaration. There were 12 members elected by Electoral Colleges, 14 members from functional constituencies. A total of 9,276 out of almost 17,000 registered votes turned out to return 13 candidates in 8 electoral college and 4 functional constituency seats while another 13 seats were returned unopposed. The liberal lobby suffered a major setback in the election as three of their outspoken leaders were defeated. Background In May 1987, the government published the Green Paper, 1987 Review of Developments in Representative Government, to consider the next phase of the devel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheng Hon-kwan
Dr. Cheng Hon-kwan, GBS, OBE, JP (; born 16 May 1927) is a Hong Kong engineer and politician. He was the member of the Executive Council and Legislative Council of Hong Kong in the 1980s and was chairman of the Hong Kong Housing Authority from 2000 to 2002. Education and government career Cheng was born in Hong Kong on 16 May 1927 and was educated in Beijing and Tianjin. He received Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from Tianjin University in 1948 and moved to Hong Kong. He joined the Hong Kong government as an assistant structural engineer to the architectural office of the Public Works Department in 1953. He subsequently studied abroad in England and graduated with the Diploma of Imperial College in Concrete Structures and Technology from the Imperial College London in 1964. He returned to Hong Kong and became the chief structural engineer of the Buildings Ordinance Office of the Public Works Department by 1965. He retired from the government in 1977 and started his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 2018 Hong Kong By-elections
The 2018 Hong Kong Legislative Council by-election was held on 11 March 2018 for four of the six vacancies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) - the Hong Kong Island, Kowloon West and New Territories East geographical constituencies and the Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape functional constituency - resulting from the disqualification of six pro-democrat and localist Legislative Council members over the 2016 oath-taking controversy. The by-election for the two other seats was not held due to pending legal appeals by the two disqualified legislators. The pro-democrats and pro-Beijing camp each won two seats in the election. Independent democrat Au Nok-hin replaced Demosistō's Agnes Chow - whose candidacy was rejected before the election - won in Hong Kong Island, and the Neo Democrats' Gary Fan retook his seat in New Territories East, while pro-Beijing nonpartisan Tony Tse, who was defeated in his 2016 re-election bid, regained the Architectural, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
