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Archaeotrogon Nocturnus
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to nightjars. The remains of '' Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene '' Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, '' Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent. The Archaeotrogonidae actually seem to be Cypselomor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Wetmore
Frank Alexander Wetmore (June 18, 1886 – December 7, 1978) was an American ornithologist and avian paleontologist. He was the sixth Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Early life and education The son of a Country Physician, Frank Alexander Wetmore was born in North Freedom, Wisconsin. Developing an interest in birds at an early age, he made his first field journal entry (a pelican seen while on vacation in 1894) at the age of eight. By 1900, Wetmore published his first paper "My Experience with a Red-headed Woodpecker," in the magazine Bird-Lore. To further his education Wetmore enrolled at the University of Kansas in 1905. During his studies there he did a stint as an assistant in the University Museum, under the direction of Charles D. Bunker. Alexander Wetmore later received his BA from the University of Kansas in 1912; finally receiving his MS in 1916 & PhD in 1920 from George Washington University. Wetmore began federal service in 1910, working for the Biological ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trogon
The trogons and quetzals are birds in the order Trogoniformes which contains only one family, the Trogonidae. The family Trogonidae contains 46 species in seven genera. The fossil record of the trogons dates back 49 million years to the Early Eocene. They might constitute a member of the basal radiation of the order Coraciiformes and order Passeriformes or be closely related to mousebirds and owls. The word ''trogon'' is Greek for "nibbling" and refers to the fact that these birds gnaw holes in trees to make their nests. Trogons are residents of tropical forests worldwide. The greatest diversity is in the Neotropics, where four genera, containing 24 species, occur. The genus ''Apaloderma'' contains the three African species. The genera ''Harpactes'' and ''Apalharpactes'', containing twelve species, are found in southeast Asia. They feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are relu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeotrogon Hoffstetteri
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to nightjars. The remains of ''Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene '' Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, '' Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent. The Archaeotrogonidae actually seem to be Cypselomorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeotrogon Cayluxensis
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to Nightjar, nightjars. The remains of ''Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites Formation, Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene ''Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, ''Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent evolution, conver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeotrogon Zitteli
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to nightjars. The remains of ''Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene '' Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, '' Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent. The Archaeotrogonidae actually seem to be Cypselomorph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeotrogon Venustus
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to nightjars. The remains of ''Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene '' Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, '' Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent. The Archaeotrogonidae actually seem to be Cypselomorph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archaeotrogon Nocturnus
Archaeotrogonidae is a prehistoric bird family known from the Eocene and Oligocene of Europe. They are members of Strisores, and are thought to be closely related to nightjars. The remains of '' Archaeotrogon'' have been found in the Quercy Phosphorites of France, a geological formation containing Late Eocene and Early Oligocene deposits. They are primarily known from limb bones. Four species are presently considered valid. The Middle Eocene '' Hassiavis'', a more recently described bird from the famous Messel Pit in Germany, is also a member of the family. In 2021, a new genus, '' Archaeodromus'' was described from fossils found in the Early Eocene (Ypresian) aged London Clay, which are the oldest representatives of the family. They were initially thought be prehistoric trogon. However, it is nowadays generally believed that they are not very closely related to these tropical forest birds of our time, but rather convergent. The Archaeotrogonidae actually seem to be Cypselomor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autapomorph
In phylogenetics, an autapomorphy is a distinctive feature, known as a derived trait, that is unique to a given taxon. That is, it is found only in one taxon, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the focal taxon (which may be a species, family or in general any clade). It can therefore be considered an apomorphy in relation to a single taxon. The word ''autapomorphy'', first introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig, is derived from the Greek words αὐτός, ''autos'' "self"; ἀπό, ''apo'' "away from"; and μορφή, ''morphḗ'' = "shape". Discussion Because autapomorphies are only present in a single taxon, they do not convey information about relationship. Therefore, autapomorphies are not useful to infer phylogenetic relationships. However, autapomorphy, like synapomorphy and plesiomorphy is a relative concept depending on the taxon in question. An autapomorphy at a given level may well be a synapomorphy at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleogene
The Paleogene ( ; British English, also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene; informally Lower Tertiary or Early Tertiary) is a geologic period, geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period million years ago (annum, Mya) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Mya. It is the beginning of the Cenozoic Era of the present Phanerozoic Eon. The earlier term Tertiary Period was used to define the span of time now covered by the Paleogene Period and subsequent Neogene Period; despite no longer being recognised as a formal stratigraphy, stratigraphic term, 'Tertiary' is still widely found in earth science literature and remains in informal use. Paleogene is often abbreviated "Pg" (but the United States Geological Survey uses the abbreviation PE for the Paleogene on the Survey's geologic maps). During the Paleogene, evolution of mammals, mammals diversified from relatively small, simple forms into a large group of diverse animals in the wake of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of the entire Phanerozoic. The name is derived from the Latin ''creta'', "chalk", which is abundant in the latter half of the period. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation ''Kreide''. The Cretaceous was a period with a relatively warm climate, resulting in high eustatic sea levels that created numerous shallow inland seas. These oceans and seas were populated with now- extinct marine reptiles, ammonites, and rudists, while dinosaurs continued to dominate on land. The world was ice free, and forests extended to the poles. During this time, new groups of mammals and birds appeared. During the Early Cretaceous, flowering plants appeared and began to rapidly diversify, becoming the dominant group of plants across the Earth b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basal (evolution)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the ''base'' (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram. The term may be more strictly applied only to nodes adjacent to the root, or more loosely applied to nodes regarded as being close to the root. Note that extant taxa that lie on branches connecting directly to the root are not more closely related to the root than any other extant taxa. While there must always be two or more equally "basal" clades sprouting from the root of every cladogram, those clades may differ widely in taxonomic rank, species diversity, or both. If ''C'' is a basal clade within ''D'' that has the lowest rank of all basal clades within ''D'', ''C'' may be described as ''the'' basal taxon of that rank within ''D''. The concept of a ' key innovation' implies some degree of correlation between evolutionary innovation and diversification. However, such a correlation does not make a given case predicable, so ancestral characters should not be imputed to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hummingbird
Hummingbirds are birds native to the Americas and comprise the biological family Trochilidae. With about 361 species and 113 genera, they occur from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, but the vast majority of the species are found in the tropics around the equator. They are small birds, with most species measuring in length. The smallest extant hummingbird species is the bee hummingbird, which weighs less than . The largest hummingbird species is the giant hummingbird, weighing . They are specialized for feeding on flower nectar, but all species also consume flying insects or spiders. Hummingbirds split from their sister group, the swifts and treeswifts, around 42 million years ago. The common ancestor of extant hummingbirds is estimated to have lived 22 million years ago in South America. They are known as hummingbirds because of the humming sound created by their beating wings, which flap at high frequencies audible to humans. They hover in mid-air at rapid wing-flapping rate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
