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Arab Academy Of Damascus
Arab Academy of Damascus ( ar, مجمع اللغة العربية بدمشق) is the oldest academy regulating the Arabic language, established in 1918 during the reign of Faisal I of Syria. It is based in al-Adiliyah Madrasa and is modeled on the language academies of Europe and founded with the explicit reference to the example of the Académie française. Arabization was the major mission of this academy after long period of Ottoman domination and use of Ottoman Turkish in major parts of the Arab world. Since establishing, it has been operated by notable committees of Arabic language professors, scholars and experts could re-spread the use of Arabic in the state's institutions and daily life of many Arab countries by adapting widely accepted proceedings and records for Arabization. Directors of this academy were as the following: * Muhammad Kurd Ali (1919–1953) * Khalil Mardam Bey (1953–1959) * Prince Mustafa Shahabi Prince Mustafa Al-Shihabi ( ar, الأمير مصط ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damascus
)), is an adjective which means "spacious". , motto = , image_flag = Flag of Damascus.svg , image_seal = Emblem of Damascus.svg , seal_type = Seal , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Syria#Mediterranean east#Arab world#Asia , pushpin_label_position = right , pushpin_mapsize = , pushpin_map_caption = Location of Damascus within Syria , pushpin_relief = 1 , coordinates = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = , subdivision_type1 = Governorate , subdivision_name1 = Damascus Governorate, Capital City , government_footnotes = , government_type = , leader_title = Governor , leader_name = Mohammad Tariq Kreishati , parts_type = Municipalities , parts = 16 , established_title = , established_date ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khalil Mardam Bey
Khalil Mardam Bey (1895–1959) ( ar, خليل مردم بك tr, Halil Mardam Bey) was a Syrian poet and critique who is most notable for composing the lyrics of the Syrian National Anthem. Early life and career Mardam Bey was born in Ottoman Damascus to a well-known family of Turkish origin. His father was Ahmed Mukhtar Mardam Bey and his mother was Fatima Mahmoud Hamzaoui; they had six children - of which Mardam Bey was the only son. He was one of the descendants of the Ottoman general, statesman, and Grand Vizier Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha. He was chosen as the leader of the Syrian Literature Association, which was founded in 1926 and annulled by the French. He studied English literature in London and taught Arabic literature in the National Science College in Syria. Some of his notable works include ''Al-Diwan'' (الديوان) and ''A’imat al-Adab'' (أئمة الأدب). He was the chairman of the Arab Scientific Assemblage from 1953 until his death in 1959. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Regulators
This is a list of bodies that consider themselves to be authorities on standard languages, often called language academies. Language academies are motivated by, or closely associated with, linguistic purism and prestige, and typically publish prescriptive dictionaries,Thomas, George (1991''Linguistic purism''p.108, quotation: which purport to officiate and prescribe the meaning of words and pronunciations. A language regulator may also have a more descriptive approach, however, while maintaining and promoting (but not imposing) a standard spelling. Many language academies are private institutions, although some are governmental bodies in different states, or enjoy some form of government-sanctioned status in one or more countries. There may also be multiple language academies attempting to regulate and codify the same language, sometimes based in different countries and sometimes influenced by political factors. Many world languages have one or more language academies or offici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language Regulators
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written medi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kees Versteegh
Cornelis Henricus Maria "Kees" Versteegh (; born 1947) is a Dutch academic linguist. He served as a professor of Islamic studies and the Arabic language at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands until April 2011. Versteegh graduated from Radboud University in 1977, the subject of his doctoral dissertation having been the influence of Greek on Arabic. He was a lecturer in the Department of Middle Eastern Studies until 1987, when he took a position at the Netherlands Institute in Cairo for two years. Versteegh returned to Radboud in 1989, and in 2011 he became professor emeritus. Versteegh's research and views on the Arabic language and its evolution have been described as groundbreaking.Thomas A. Leddy-Cecere, ''Contact, Restructuring and Decreolization: The Case of Tunisian Arabic'', pg. 5. Senior honors thesis, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Asian and Middle Eastern Languages and Literature, 2010. Notes References External links ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marwan Mahasne
Marwan, Merwan or Mervan ( ar, مروان ''marwān''), is an Arabic male given name derived from the word ''marū/ maruw'' (مرو) with the meaning of either minerals, "flint(-stone)", "quartz" or "a hard stone of nearly pure silica". However, the Arabic name for quartz is ''ṣawwān'' (صَوَّان). The name is also the name of a type of genus of the herbal plant basil. Variants include Merouane / Marouane / Marouan. Feminine forms of the name include Marwa / Marwah and Marwana/ Marwanah (مروانة ''marwānah''). Notable persons with these names include: Given name Marwan *Marwan I, Umayyad caliph (r. 684–685) *Marwan II, Umayyad caliph ( r. 744–750) * Marwan ibn Abi Hafsa (d. 797), Abbasid-era poet *Marwan (rapper), Danish-Palestinian rapper Mohamed Marwan *Marwan Ali, Tunisian pop singer *Marwan Barghouti, leader of the Palestinian group Fatah *Marwan Charbel, Lebanese general and politician *Marwan Dudin (1936–2016), Jordanian politician *Marwan Hamadeh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shaker Al-Fahham
Shaker or Shakers may refer to: Religious groups * Shakers, a historically significant Christian sect * Indian Shakers, a smaller Christian denomination Objects and instruments * Shaker (musical instrument), an indirect struck idiophone * Cocktail shaker, a device used to mix beverages (usually alcoholic) by shaking * Shaker (salt and pepper), condiment dispensers designed to allow diners to distribute grains of edible salt and ground peppercorns * Shaker (laboratory), a device used to stir liquids in chemistry and biology * Shaker (testing device), a vibration device used in endurance testing or modal testing * Shaker scoop, an auto component * Shale shakers, a type of solids control equipment Music * Shaker (musical instrument), an indirect struck idiophone * Shaker (Lil Shaker), a Ghanaian recording artist, songwriter, producer and performer * The Shakers (band) a pseudonym for the band Kingsize Taylor and the Dominoes * Los Shakers, a Uruguayan band * ''Shaker'' (David ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Husni Sabh
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Hosni (also spelled Husni or Housni, ar, حسني or Persian: حُسنی) may refer to: Places * Husni, Iran, a village in Isfahan Province Given name * Husni al-Barazi, Syrian politician * Hosni Mubarak, Egyptian politician, fourth President of Egypt * Husni al-Za'im, Syrian politician, Syrian President and Prime Minister * Housni Mkouboi, French rapper * Housni Benslimane, senior Moroccan Gendarmerie officer Surname * Amad Al Hosni, Omani footballer * Dawood Hosni, Egyptian musician * Kamal Hosni, Egyptian singer and actor * Larbi Hosni, Algerian footballer * Mustafa Hosni, Egyptian religious leader * Rachid Housni, Moroccan footballer See also * Hassan (other) * Hassoun Hassoun (see also Hasson) is a Hebrew surname (חסון) and an Arabic given name and surname (حسون). Arabic variants include Hassoun, Hassun, Hassouné, Hassouneh etc. It may refer to: Hassoun Given name * Hassoun Camara (born 1986), French f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mustafa Shahabi
Prince Mustafa Al-Shihabi ( ar, الأمير مصطفى الشهابي; 1893 – 1968) was a Syrian agronomist, politician, writer and the third elected director of Arab Academy of Damascus (1959–1968). "Prince" title was only of a social background, with no real principality under his control. Biography Al-Shihabi was born in 1893 in Hasbaya in Ottoman Syria, in what is today Lebanon.Sami Moubayed, ''Steel and Silk: Men and Women who Shaped Syria 1900-2000'', pg. 120. Part of the Bridge between the cultures series. Cune Press, 2006. After getting his degree in agriculture from Paris, France in 1915, he initially resided in Istanbul while working for the Ministry of Agriculture of the Ottoman Government. During World War I, al-Shihabi joined the Arab Revolt in an attempt to free the Levant region from Ottoman Turkish control. In 1928, while serving as the director of the Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, al-Shihabi joined the National Bloc in opposition t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Kurd Ali
Muhammad Kurd Ali ( ar, محمد كرد علي, 1876–1953) was a notable Syrian scholar, historian and literary critic in the Arabic language. He was the founder and director of the Academy of the Arabic Language in Damascus (1918) till his death. Early life Muhammad Kurd 'Ali's grandfather was a Kurd born in Sulaymaniyah in Kurdistan and came to Damascus in the early nineteenth century. His mother was Circassian. Kurd 'Ali learned to read and write in the kuttab where he also studied the Koran. He received his preparatory education at Al-Rushdiyya school, and then completed his secondary education at the Azariyya School. In secondary school he recalled that on the first day he was asked what neighborhood he was from, as the custom was to call students by their first name and the name of their neighborhood as last name. Hailing as he did from Zuqaq Burghul (Bulgur Alley), by this logic he would have for the rest of his schooling been linked to dried cracked wheat. Thus he li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Language
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arab World
The Arab world ( ar, اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ '), formally the Arab homeland ( '), also known as the Arab nation ( '), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, refers to a vast group of countries, mainly located in Western Asia and Northern Africa, that linguistically or culturally share an Arab identity. A majority of people in these countries are either ethnically Arab or are Arabized, speaking the Arabic language, which is used as the '' lingua franca'' throughout the Arab world. The Arab world is at its minimum defined as the 18 states where Arabic is natively spoken. At its maximum it consists of the 22 members of the Arab League, an international organization, which on top of the 18 states also includes the Comoros, Djibouti, Somalia and the partially recognized state of Palestine. The region stretches from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Indian Ocean in the sout ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
