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Ao Languages
The Ao or Central Naga languages are a small family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken by various Naga peoples of Nagaland in northeast India. Conventionally classified as "Naga", they are not clearly related to other Naga languages, and are conservatively classified as an independent branch of Sino-Tibetan, pending further research. There are around 607,000 speakers of the languages in total. Coupe (2012)Coupe, Alexander R. 2012. Overcounting numeral systems and their relevance to sub-grouping in the Tibeto-Burman languages of Nagaland. Language and Linguistics / Academica Sinica 13. 193-220. considers the Angami–Pochuri languages to be most closely related to Ao as part of a wider ''Angami–Ao'' group. Languages The following languages are widely accepted as Central Naga languages: * Ao language ** Chungli Ao ** Mongsen Ao * Sangtam ('Thukumi') * Yimkhiungrü ('Yachumi') * Lotha (Lhota) There are also various undescribed Ao varieties including Yacham and Tengsa, which may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nagaland
Nagaland () is a landlocked state in the northeastern region of India. It is bordered by the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Assam to the west, Manipur to the south and the Sagaing Region of Myanmar to the east. Its capital city is Kohima and its largest city is Dimapur. The state has an area of with a population of 1,980,602 as per the 2011 Census of India, making it one of the smallest states in India.Census of India 2011 Govt of India Nagaland became the 16th state of India on 1 December 1963. It is home to a rich variety of natural, cultural and environmental resources. Nagaland is a mountainous state and lies between the parallels of 95 and 94 degrees east longitude and 25.2 and 27.0 degrees latitude north. The high-profile [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naga People
Nagas are various ethnic groups native to northeastern India and northwestern Myanmar. The groups have similar cultures and traditions, and form the majority of population in the Indian states of Nagaland and Manipur and Naga Self-Administered Zone of Myanmar; with significant populations in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India; Sagaing Region and Kachin State in Myanmar (Burma). The Nagas are divided into various Naga ethnic groups whose numbers and population are unclear. They each speak distinct Naga languages often unintelligible to the others, but all are somehow in a way loosely connected to each other. Etymology The present day Naga people have been called by many names, like 'Noga' by Assamese, 'Hao' by Manipuri and 'Chin' by Burmese. However, over time 'Naga' became the commonly accepted nomenclature, and was also used by the British. According to the Burma Gazetteer, the term 'Naga' is of doubtful origin and is used to describe hill tribes that occupy the co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
T Senka Ao
T. Senka Ao (born 6 June 1945) is a journalist from the Indian state of Nagaland. Senka Ao is best known for his work as the Editor-in-Chief of the "Ao Milen", the first newspaper in Nagaland established in 1933 and the first newspaper ever to be published in the local Ao language. During the period of his edittorship, Senka Ao created the "Alokba" character famous for his witty commentary on social and current issues. Senka Ao has contributed several articles to various publications and has authored nine books in the Ao language. Two of his books Kongro Lijen (The Abode of the Maidens) and Kishi Tezulen (Off the Doorway) are in the process of translation into English. Senka Ao's books have been included in the syllabus of the Ao language in ICSE and ISC Board New Delhi, and up to class 10 under Nagaland Board of School Education. He is an examiner of Arrangtet Examination which is the highest Ao language degree. Senka Ao has a played key roles in the efforts to bring peace and h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Tibeto-Burman
Proto-Tibeto-Burman (commonly abbreviated PTB) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Tibeto-Burman languages, that is, the Sino-Tibetan languages, except for Chinese. An initial reconstruction was produced by Paul K. Benedict and since refined by James Matisoff. Several other researchers argue that the Tibeto-Burman languages ''sans'' Chinese do not constitute a monophyletic group within Sino-Tibetan, and therefore that Proto-Tibeto-Burman was the same language as Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Issues Reconstruction is complicated by the immense diversity of the languages, many of which are poorly described, the lack of inflection in most of the languages, and millennia of intense contact with other Sino-Tibetan languages and languages of other families. Only a few subgroups, such as Lolo-Burmese, have been securely reconstructed. Benedict's method, which he dubbed "teleo-reconstruction", was to compare widely separated languages, with a particular emphasis on Classical Tibetan, Jingpho, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Para Language
Para or Para Naga (autonym: Jejara; also called Bara, Parasar), is an unclassified Naga language of India and Burma. It is not close to other Naga languages which it has been compared to, though Para Naga, Long Phuri Naga, and Makuri Naga may be closest to each other, with Para the most distinct. Barkman (2014) notes that Para Naga could possibly be an Ao or Tangkhulic language. Saul (2005) classifies Para Naga as an Ao language. Para is spoken in 7 villages of Leshi Township, Hkamti District, Sagaing Region Sagaing Region ( my, စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and lon ..., Myanmar. References *Barkman, Tiffany. 2014''A descriptive grammar of Jejara (Para Naga)'' MA thesis, Chiang Mai: Payap University. *Saul, J. D. 2005. ''The Naga of Burma: Their festivals, customs and way of life''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Phuri Language
Long Phuri, or Long Phuri Naga (Amimi Naga, Longpfuri, Longpfuru, Mimi), is an unclassified Naga language of Burma. It is not close to other Naga languages which it has been compared to, though Long Phuri Naga, Makuri Naga, and Para Naga may be closest to each other. Long Phuri is spoken in 6 villages of Leshi Township, Hkamti District, Sagaing Region Sagaing Region ( my, စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and lon ..., Myanmar. References *Barkman, Tiffany. 2014''A descriptive grammar of Jejara (Para Naga)'' MA thesis, Chiang Mai: Payap University. *Language and Social Development Organization (LSDO). 2006. ''A sociolinguistic survey of Makuri, Para, and Long Phuri Naga in Layshi Township, Myanmar''. Unpublished manuscript. Languages of Myanmar Kuki-Chin–Naga languages {{st-lang-s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makury Language
Makury, or Makury Naga (sometimes spelled Makuri), is a Naga language of India and Myanmar. Shi (2009:3) and Saul (2005:25) suggest that Makury may be an Ao language. Classification Makury is not close to other Naga languages that fall under Konyak- angshangand Angami- Zeme. Makury falls under the proposed Ao- Tangkhul linguistic group of southern Naga languages and is close to Naga languages that fall under said language group. Müvlë ( Longphuri) are a sub-tribe of Makury. In Eastern Nagaland and Myanmar, the Makury, Somra Tangkhul and Para are closer than the other tribes in the north in terms of language (''Makury Tribal Council''). Geographical distribution Makury is spoken in Leshi Township, Homalin Township, and Lahe Township in Hkamti District, Sagaing Region, Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koki Naga Language
Koki (Konke, Kokak), or Koki Naga, is an unclassified Sino-Tibetan language spoken in Burma. Speakers are included under the wider Naga ethnicity. It has been documented in Shintani (2018).Shintani Tadahiko. 2018. ''The Kokak language''. Linguistic survey of Tay cultural area (LSTCA) no. 119. Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA). Classification Koki is currently unclassified within Tibeto-Burman. ''Ethnologue'' (21st edition) notes that Koki shares 19%–32% lexical similarity with Tangkhul Naga txin Myanmar, 23% with Akyaung Ari Naga qy and 22%–24% with Jejara Naga zn Distribution It is spoken in 10 villages of southern Leshi Township, Hkamti District, Sagaing Region Sagaing Region ( my, စစ်ကိုင်းတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Sagaing Division) is an administrative region of Myanmar, located in the north-western part of the country between latitude 21° 30' north and lon ..., Myanmar. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leshi Township
Leshi Township or Layshi Township ( my, လေရှီးမြို့နယ်) is a mountainous"Sagaing Division (Upper)" map Myanmar Information Management Unit, Map Id: MIMU270v01, 5 August 2010 located within the Naga Self-Administered Zone of , |
Ao Language
The Ao language is a Naga language spoken by the Ao Naga in Nagaland of northeast India. Ao language cluster '' Ethnologue'' lists the following varieties of Ao. * Mongsen Khari *Changki * Chongli (Chungli) *Dordar (Yacham) *Longla Chongli and Mongsen are nearly mutually unintelligible. Mills (1926) lists the Ao Naga tribes of Nagaland as speaking three languages: Chungli, Mongsen, and Changki. Chungli Ao and Mongsen Ao are spoken in majority of the Ao villages, whereas Changki speakers form the minor speakers. Mongsen Ao is spoken primarily in the western part of Ao territory. Changki Ao is spoken only in 3 villages - Changki, Japu and Longjemdang - which is poorly documented though reportedly related to Mongsen Ao. Some Changki speakers can fluently converse in both Mongsen and Chungli, but a Mongsen Ao cannot speak Changki or understand it, whereas a Chungli can hardly understand or speak Changki. Chungli Ao and Mongsen Ao are not mutually intelligible.Escamilla, R. M. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angami–Pochuri Languages
The Angami–Pochuri languages are a small family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in southern Nagaland and Northern Manipur of northeast India. Conventionally classified as "Naga", they are not clearly related to other Naga languages, and are conservatively classified as an independent branch of Sino-Tibetan, pending further research. Coupe (2012) considers the Ao languages to be most closely related to Angami–Pochuri as part of a wider ''Angami–Ao'' group. Languages The Angami languages are: * Angami *Chokri (Chakri, Chakhesang) * Kheza * Sopvoma (Mao) * Poula (Poumai) The Pochuri languages are: * Pochuri–Meluri * Ntenyi (Northern Rengma) *Rengma Rengma is a Naga tribe found in Nagaland and Assam states of India. According to the 2011 Census of India, the population of Rengmas in Nagaland stands at 62,951 and the population of Rengmas in Assam is around 22,000. Tseminyü District is th ... * Sumi (Sema) Rengma–Simi might form a third branch according to Burling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naga Languages
The Naga languages are a geographic and ethnic grouping of languages under the Kuki-Chin-Naga languages, spoken mostly by Naga peoples. Northern Naga languages do not fall within the group, in spite of being spoken by Naga groups; instead, these form part of the Sal languages within Sino-Tibetan, while Southern Naga languages form a branch within Kuki-Chin languages subfamily. Classification Angami-Ao Angami-Pochuri The Angami-Pochuri languages: *Angami: ** Angami ** Chokri (Chakri, Chakhesang) ** Kheza (Chakhesang) ** Mao (Sopvoma) **Poula (Poumai) *Pochuri: ** Pochuri ** Ntenyi (Northern Rengma) ** Rengma ** Sümi (Sema) Central Naga (Ao) The Central Naga languages: * Ao language ** Chungli Ao ** Mongsen Ao **Changki **Dordar (Yacham) **Longla * Lotha (Lhota) * Sangtam ('Thukumi') **Kizare **Pirr (Northern Sangtam) **Phelongre **Thukumi (Central Sangtam) **Photsimi **Purr (Southern Sangtam) *Yimchingric ** Yimkhiungrü ('Yachumi') *** Tikhir *** Chirr ***Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
