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Anup Singh Of Bikaner
Anup Singh (IAST: Anūpa-siṃha, 1638–1698) served as the ruler of Bikaner State during 1669–1698. Like his father, he was a vassal of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, and participated in several Mughal campaigns in the Deccan region. He led the Mughal charge that resulted in the fall of the Golconda Sultanate, for which Aurangzeb conferred the title of ''Maharaja'' upon him. Anup Singh was a patron of scholars and painters. He collected several manuscripts and established the Anup Sanskrit Library. Early life Anup Singh was a son of his predecessor Karan Singh, a Mughal vassal. In July 1667, while Karan Singh was still alive, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb conferred on Anup Singh the right to rule Bikaner after his father's death. In 1669, Karan Singh died in Aurangabad during the Mughal campaign in the Deccan region, and Anup Singh succeeded him on the throne of Bikaner. Military career Anup Singh was an absentee ruler, and spent much of his life at the Mughal court or in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikaner State
Bikaner State was a princely state in the Rajputana from 1465 to 1947. The founder of the state, Rao Bika, was the eldest son of Rao Jodha, ruler of Jodhpur. Rao Bika chose to build his own kingdom instead of inheriting his father's. Bika defeated the Jat clans of Jangladesh along with his uncle Rao Kandhal and his adviser Vikramji Rajpurohit and founded his own kingdom. Its capital was the city of Bikaner in the northern area of present-day Rajasthan State in India. Karni Mata has been designated as the kuldevi of the Royal family of Bikaner. The state was noted for the Bikaner style of painting. Covering an area of , Bikaner State was the second largest state under the Rajputana Agency after Jodhpur State with a revenue of Rs.26,00,000 in 1901. Heeding the 1947 call of Vallabhbhai Patel to integrate the princely states into the new independent India, Bikaner's last king, Maharaja Sadul Singh, advised by his ''dewan'' K. M. Panikkar, a respected historian, was o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siddi Masud
Siddi Masud or Siddi Masood was a general in the Adilshahi sultanate and he was the son-in-law of famous general Siddi Jauhar. He went on to become the Wazir of Bijapur Sultanate during Sikandar Adil Shah's reign. Early life and Siege of Panhala Not much is known about his early life. He was the son in law of Siddi Jauhar. He was present at the siege of Panhalgad by Siddi Jauhar. He led the pursuing Adilshahi forces against the Maratha rearguard led by Baji Prabhu Deshpande and Bandal Sena in the Battle of Pavankhind. Later on he was defeated by Marathas at the base of Vishalgadh and retreated to safer location. Later life and Promotion as a Wazir He rose through the ranks in a tumultuous period in a weak Adilshahi's reign. He was the leader of the Deccan faction in the Adilshahi court against the Pathani faction led Bahlolkhan. He was able to subdue his Pathani rivals even though the internal feuds went on. He rose to the position of Wazir sometime around 1676 acting as a reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1698 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – The Abenaki tribe and Massachusetts colonists sign a treaty, ending the conflict in New England. * January 4 – The Palace of Whitehall in London, England is destroyed by fire. * January 23 – George Louis becomes Elector of Hanover upon the death of his father, Ernest Augustus. Because the widow of Ernest Augustus, George's mother Sophia, was heiress presumptive as the cousin of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and Anne's closest eligible heir, George will become King of Great Britain. * January 30 – William Kidd, who initially seized foreign ships under authority as a privateer for the British Empire before becoming a pirate, becomes an outlaw and uses his ship, the ''Adventure Galley'', to capture an Indian ship, the valuable ''Quedagh Merchant'', near India. * February 17 – The Maratha Empire fort at Gingee falls after a siege of almost nine years by the Mughal Empire as King Rajaram escapes to safety. General Swarup Sing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1638 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – **A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet. **A fleet of 80 Spanish ships led by Governor-General Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera attacks the Sultanate of Sulu in the Philippines by beginning an invasion of Jolo island, but Sultan Muwallil Wasit I puts up a stiff resistance. * January 8 – The siege of Shimabara Castle ends after 27 days in Japan's Tokugawa shogunate (now part of Nagasaki prefecture) as the rebel peasants flee reinforcements sent by the shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. * January 22 – The Shimabara and Amakusa rebels, having joined up after fleeing the shogun's troops, begin the defense of the Hara Castle in what is now Minamishimabara in the Nagasaki prefecture. The siege lasts more than 11 weeks before the peasants are killed. * February 28 – The Scottish National Covenant i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maharajas Of Bikaner
Mahārāja (; also spelled Maharajah, Maharaj) is a Sanskrit title for a "great ruler", "great king" or " high king". A few ruled states informally called empires, including ruler raja Sri Gupta, founder of the ancient Indian Gupta Empire, and Chandragupta Maurya. 'Title inflation' soon led to most being rather mediocre or even petty in real power, which led to compound titles (among other efforts) being used in an attempt to distinguish some among their ranks. The female equivalent, Maharani (or Maharanee, Mahārājñī, Maharajin), denotes either the wife of a Maharaja (or Maharana etc.) or also, in states where it was customary, a woman ruling without a husband. The widow of a Maharaja is known as a Rajmata, "queen mother". Maharajakumar generally denotes a son of a Maharaja, but more specific titulatures are often used at each court, including Yuvaraja for the heir (the crown prince). The form "Maharaj" (without "-a") indicates a separation of noble and religious offic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junagarh Fort
Junagarh Fort is a fort in the city of Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. The fort was originally called Chintamani and was renamed Junagarh or "Old Fort" in the early 20th century when the ruling family moved to Lalgarh Palace outside the fort limits. It is one of the few major forts in Rajasthan which is not built on a hilltop. The modern city of Bikaner has developed around the fort.Michell p. 222Ring pp. 129-33 The fort complex was built under the supervision of Karan Chand, the Prime Minister of Raja Rai Singh, the sixth ruler of Bikaner, who ruled from 1571 to 1611 AD. Construction of the walls and associated moat commenced in 1589 and was completed in 1594. It was built outside the original fort of the city (the first fort built by Rao Bikaji), about from the city centre. Some remnants of the old fort are preserved near the Lakshmi Narayan temple.Ring p.129 Historical records reveal that despite the repeated attacks by enemies to capture the fort, it was not taken, except for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikaner Style Of Painting
The Bikaner style of painting is a Rajasthani style of Indian painting developed in the city of Bikaner, capital of a wealthy but isolated state, much of it the Thar desert. It is one of the many schools of Rajput painting that developed in the late 17th century with the help of artists from the imperial Mughal workshops, who dispersed after these were run down in the reign of Aurangzeb, who ceased to patronize Mughal painting. The subjects are most either court portraits, or illustrations to Hindu texts. The Bikaner style is more closely related to the Mughal one than many other Rajput styles, also with some elements of Deccan style. During the reign of Raja Karan Singh (r. 1632–69) there were close connections with the court of the emperor Shah Jahan, while the imperial workshops were still flourishing, and some Mughal-style subject matter began to appear late in this reign. Karan Singh's youngest son, Anup Singh (later raja, 1674–98), was a general commanding Mughal forc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal Painting
Mughal painting is a style of painting on paper confined to miniature (illuminated manuscript), miniatures either as book illustrations or as single works to be kept in albums (muraqqa), from the territory of the Mughal Empire in South Asia. It emerged from Persian miniature painting (itself partly of Chinese painting, Chinese origin) and developed in the court of the Mughal Empire of the 16th to 18th centuries. Battles, legendary stories, hunting scenes, wildlife, royal life, mythology, as well as other subjects have all been frequently depicted in paintings. The Mughal emperors were Muslims and they are credited with consolidating Islam in South Asia, and spreading Muslim (and particularly Persian) arts and culture as well as the faith. Mughal painting immediately took a much greater interest in realistic portraiture than was typical of Persian miniatures. Animals and plants were the main subject of many miniatures for albums, and were more realistically depicted. Although man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Law
In law, common law (also known as judicial precedent, judge-made law, or case law) is the body of law created by judges and similar quasi-judicial tribunals by virtue of being stated in written opinions."The common law is not a brooding omnipresence in the sky, but the articulate voice of some sovereign or quasi sovereign that can be identified," ''Southern Pacific Company v. Jensen'', 244 U.S. 205, 222 (1917) (Oliver Wendell Holmes, dissenting). By the early 20th century, legal professionals had come to reject any idea of a higher or natural law, or a law above the law. The law arises through the act of a sovereign, whether that sovereign speaks through a legislature, executive, or judicial officer. The defining characteristic of common law is that it arises as precedent. Common law courts look to the past decisions of courts to synthesize the legal principles of past cases. '' Stare decisis'', the principle that cases should be decided according to consistent principled rules so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anupgarh
Anupgarh is a town in the state of Rajasthan, India. Located in Sri Ganganagar district, it is the headquarters of the Anupgarh Tehsil. Geography Anoopgarh/Anupgarh has an average elevation of 155 metres (508 feet), and is very close to the border with Pakistan. The fort at Anupgarh was built about 1689 by the Mughal governor to help suppress the local Bhati Rajputs who were rebelling. Demographics In the 2011 census, the town of Anupgarh had a population of 30,877, with male population of 16,343 and female population of 14,534. In the 2001 India census, the town of Anupgarh had a population of 29,548. Males constituted 54% of the population and females 46%. Anupgarh had an average literacy rate of 61.2%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 67.3% of the males and 54.0% of females literate. In 2001 in Anupgarh, 15.6% of the population was under six years of age. Hindus are in majority in the town, followed by a significant Sikh minority, followed by a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bellary
Bellary, officially Ballari, in the eponymous Bellary district, is a city in the state of Karnataka, India. History Bellary was a part of Rayalaseema (Ceded Districts) which was part of Madras Presidency till 1 November 1956. The Ballari city municipal council was upgraded to a city corporation in 2004. The Union Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of India approved a proposal to rename the city in October 2014 and Bellary was renamed to "Ballari" on 1 November 2014. Geography Bellari is located at . The city stands in the midst of a wide, level plain of black cotton soil. Granite rocks and hills form a prominent feature of Bellari. The city is spread mainly around two hills of granite composition, the ''Bellary Hill'' and the ''Kumbara Gudda''. ''Bellary Hill'' has a circumference of nearly and a height of . The length of this rock from north-east to south-west is about . To the east and south lies an irregular heap of boulders, to the west there is an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bijapur Sultanate
The Adil Shahi or Adilshahi, was a Shia,Salma Ahmed Farooqui, ''A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century'', (Dorling Kindersley Pvt Ltd., 2011), 174. and later Sunni Muslim,Muhammad Qasim Firishta's Tarikh-e-Firishta.Busateenus-Salateen a Persian Manuscript of Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi.Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi, Rouzatul Auliya-e-Bijapur. dynasty founded by Yusuf Adil Shah, that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur, centred on present-day Bijapur district, Karnataka in India, in the Western area of the Deccan region of Southern India from 1489 to 1686. Bijapur had been a province of the Bahmani Sultanate (1347–1518), before its political decline in the last quarter of the 15th century and eventual break-up in 1518. The Bijapur Sultanate was absorbed into the Mughal Empire on 12 September 1686, after its conquest by the Emperor Aurangzeb. The founder of the dynasty, Yusuf Adil Shah (1490–1510), was appointed Bahmani governor of the province, befo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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