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Anthem Of The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
The state anthem of the Georgian SSR was the regional anthem of Georgia between 1946 and 1990 when it was part of the Soviet Union. Background The music was composed by Otar Taktakishvili, and the words were written by Grigol Abashidze and Alexander Abasheli. All three stanzas (not including the refrain) in the original lyrics have references to Joseph Stalin, a native Georgian and leader of the Soviet Union at that time. These words were completely removed after Stalin's death as part of Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization program. It is then replaced with new lyrics with no reference to Stalin itself. The last line of the refrain on the original version (აყვავდი, ტურფა ქვეყანავ - ილხინე, ქართველთ მხარეო), which once existed on all refrains, was removed completely and replaced with also new lyrics. It is one of three Soviet republic national anthems that does not mention the Russian people, the ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otar Taktakishvili
Otar Vasilisdze Taktakishvili ( ka, ოთარ თაქთაქიშვილი; russian: Отар Васильевич Тактакишвили; 27 July 1924 – 21 February 1989) was a prominent Georgian composer, teacher, conductor, and musicologist of the Soviet period. Although in the West Taktakishvili is perhaps best known for his 1968 Sonata for Flute and Piano, his works include two symphonies, four piano concertos, two violin concertos, two cello concertos, and operas (''Mindia'', ''First Love'', ''The Abduction of the Moon'', ''Mususi'', ''Three Tales''). He also wrote several symphonic poems and oratorios, as well as adaptations of Georgian folk songs and a multitude of compositions for instruments and voice. While still a student at the Tbilisi State Conservatory, Taktakishvili composed the Anthem of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. By 1949 he became a Professor of the Conservatory, as well as the conductor and artistic director of the Georgian Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republics Of The Soviet Union
The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics ( rus, Сою́зные Респу́блики, r=Soyúznye Respúbliki) were National delimitation in the Soviet Union, national-based administrative units of the Soviet Union, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). The Soviet Union was formed in 1922 by a Treaty on the Creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, treaty between the Soviet republics of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussia, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russia, Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, Transcaucasia, and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukraine, by which they became its constituent republics. For most of its history, the USSR was a highly Centralisation, centralized state despite its nominal structure as a federation of republics; the decentralization reforms during the era of ''perestroika'' and ''glasnost'' conducted by Mikhail Gorbachev are cited as o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Music Of Georgia (country)
Georgia has rich and still vibrant traditional music, which is primarily known as arguably the earliest polyphonic tradition of the Christian world. Situated on the border of Europe and Asia, Georgia is also the home of a variety of urban singing styles with a mixture of native polyphony, Middle Eastern monophony and late European harmonic languages. Georgian performers are well represented in the world's leading opera troupes and concert stages. Folk music The folk music of Georgia consists of at least fifteen regional styles, known in Georgian musicology and ethnomusicology as "musical dialects". According to Edisher Garaqanidze, there are sixteen regional styles in Georgia. These sixteen regions are traditionally grouped into two, eastern and western Georgian groups. The Eastern Georgian group of musical dialects consists of the two biggest regions of Georgia, Kartli and Kakheti (Garakanidze united them as "Kartli-Kakheti"); several smaller north-east Georgian mountain regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Symbols Of Georgia (country)
National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, census-designated place * National, Nevada, ghost town * National, Utah, ghost town * National, West Virginia, unincorporated community Commerce * National (brand), a brand name of electronic goods from Panasonic * National Benzole (or simply known as National), former petrol station chain in the UK, merged with BP * National Car Rental, an American rental car company * National Energy Systems, a former name of Eco Marine Power * National Entertainment Commission, a former name of the Media Rating Council * National Motor Vehicle Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 1900-1924 * National Supermarkets, a defunct American grocery store chain * National String Instrument Corporation, a guitar company formed to manufacture the first resonator g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthems Of The Republics Of The Soviet Union
An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short sacred choral work (still frequently seen in Sacred Harp and other types of shape note singing) and still more particularly to a specific form of liturgical music. In this sense, its use began ca. 1550 in English-speaking churches; it uses English language words, in contrast to the originally Roman Catholic 'motet' which sets a Latin text. Etymology ''Anthem'' is derived from the Greek (''antíphōna'') via Old English . Both words originally referred to antiphons, a call-and-response style of singing. The adjectival form is "anthemic". History Anthems were originally a form of liturgical music. In the Church of England, the rubric appoints them to follow the third collect at morning and evening prayer. Several anthems are included in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
The coat of arms of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted on May 20, 1921 by the government of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. The coat of arms is loosely based on the coat of arms of the Soviet Union. It shows symbols of agriculture (grapes and wheat). The red star rising above the Caucasus stands for the future of the Georgian nation, and the hammer and sickle for the victory of Communism and the "world-wide socialist community of states". The banner bears the Soviet Union state motto ("Workers of the world, unite!") in both the Georgian and Russian languages. In Georgian, it is "პროლეტარებო ყველა ქვეყნისა, შეერთდით!" (transliterated: "''P’rolet’arebo q’vela kveq’nisa, sheertdit!''"). The Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the Adjar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic used variants of this coat of arms (in the Abkhaz case, with the name of the republic and the motto also i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flag Of The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
The flag of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted by the Georgian SSR on April 11, 1951. It was the only Union Republic flag in which the hammer and sickle was not gold in colour. History Before 1937 the flag was red with the Georgian characters სსსრ (''SSSR'') in gold in the top-left corner. Between 1922 and 1937, the flag was red, with the Cyrillic characters ''ССРГ'' (''SSRG'') in the top left-hand corner. Between 1937 and the adoption of the above flag in the 1940s, the flag was red, with the Georgian characters საქართველოს სსრ (''Sakartvelos SSR'') in gold in the top-left corner. The 1951 flag fell into disuse in November 1990 when the flag based on the Democratic Republic of Georgia was introduced until the dissolution of the Soviet Union. File:Flag of Georgian SSR (1921-1922).svg, Flag from 1921 to 1922 File:Флаг Грузинской ССР (1940-1952).svg, Flag from 1922 to 1937 File:Flag of Georgian SSR (1937 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthem Of The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic
The State Anthem of the Karelo-Finnish SSR was the national anthem of Karelia (now a federal subject of Russia) when it was a republic of the Soviet Union and known as the Karelo-Finnish SSR.https://books.google.com/books?id=gy4rAAAAYAAJ Helin, Ronald Arthur (1961). ''Economic-geographic Reorientation in Western Finnish Karelia: A Result of the Finno-Soviet Boundary Demarcations of 1940 and 1944''. National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council. p. 101. Background In 1945, the Karelo-Finnish SSR's government held a competition to create a state anthem. The winning entry (written by Armas Äikiä and composed by Karl Rautio) was adopted as the SSR's official anthem in the early 1950s until 1956 when it was re-absorbed into the Russian SFSR. Along with the Georgian and Estonian SSR anthems, it was one of the only three Soviet republic anthems that did not mention the Russian people. Lyrics See also *Anthem of the Republic of Karelia The state anthem of the Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthem Of The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
The anthem of the Estonian SSR; russian: Гимн Эстонской ССР was the Soviet regional anthem of the Estonian SSR between 1945 and 1990 when Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union (USSR). Background The anthem was presented to the central government of the USSR in May 1944, three months after the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR had issued a decree on 3 February 1944, "On the State Anthems of the Soviet Republics." The melody of the anthem was composed by Gustav Ernesaks, and the lyrics written by Johannes Semper. It, the anthem of the Karelo-Finnish SSR, and the anthem of the Georgian SSR were the only Soviet regional anthems not to mention the Russian people. After Stalin died in 1953, a period of de-Stalinization began. On July 21, 1956, the third stanza of the anthem's lyrics was changed to remove all mentions of Stalin. Throughout most of the time Estonia was a part of the USSR (1940–1991) performing or reciting the melody or lyrics of the for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian People
, native_name_lang = ru , image = , caption = , population = , popplace = 118 million Russians in the Russian Federation (2002 ''Winkler Prins'' estimate) , region1 = , pop1 = approx. 7,500,000 (including Russian Jews and Russian Germans) , ref1 = , region2 = , pop2 = 7,170,000 (2018) ''including Crimea'' , ref2 = , region3 = , pop3 = 3,512,925 (2020) , ref3 = , region4 = , pop4 = 3,072,756 (2009)(including Russian Jews and Russian Germans) , ref4 = , region5 = , pop5 = 1,800,000 (2010)(Russian ancestry and Russian Germans and Jews) , ref5 = 35,000 (2018)(born in Russia) , region6 = , pop6 = 938,500 (2011)(including Russian Jews) , ref6 = , region7 = , pop7 = 809,530 (2019) , ref7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Soviet Union (1953-1985)
The history of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (USSR) reflects a period of change for both Russia and the world. Though the terms "Soviet Russia" and "Soviet Union" often are synonymous in everyday speech (either acknowledging the dominance of Russia over the Soviet Union or referring to Russia during the era of the Soviet Union), when referring to the foundations of the Soviet Union, "Soviet Russia" often specifically refers to brief period between the October Revolution of 1917 and the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. Before 1922, there were four independent Soviet Republics: the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian SSR, and Transcaucasian SFSR. These four became the first Union Republics of the Soviet Union, and was later joined by the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic and Khorezm People's Soviet Republic in 1924. During and immediately after World War II, various Soviet Republics annexed portions of coun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigol Abashidze
Grigol Abashidze, ( ka, გრიგოლ აბაშიძე; russian: Григол (Григорий) Григорьевич Абашидзе) or Grigory for short, was a Georgian poet known for works featuring Communist influences. Early life Abashidze was born on 1 August 1914 Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates">O.S._19_July.html" ;"title="Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 19 July">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 19 Julyin Chiatura, Georgia. He studied at the Tbilisi State University Faculty of Philology, where he graduated in 1936. In 1944, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and remained a lifelong member. Literary life Abashidze entered the literary scene in 1934 when his first work was published. Abashidze usually portrayed the common Soviet man in his works, like labourers and farmers. There was, too, the man who contributed to communism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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