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Andropadus Montanus
The Cameroon greenbul (''Arizelocichla montana'') is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in the Cameroonian Highlands forests. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss. Taxonomy and systematics The Cameroon greenbul was originally described in the genus '' Andropadus'' and, was re-classified to the new genus ''Arizelocichla'' in 2010. Alternatively, some authorities classify the Cameroon greenbul in the genus '' Pycnonotus''. Alternate names for the Cameroon greenbul include Cameroon little greenbul, Cameroon montane greenbul, Cameroon mountain greenbul, montane greenbul and mountain little greenbul. The alternate names mountain bulbul and mountain greenbul should not be confused with the species of the same name (''Ixos mcclellandii'' and '' Arizelocichla nigriceps'' respectively). The name 'Cameroon greenbul' is sometimes used as an alternate name for the Slender-billed greenbul. References Cameroon greenbul Birds of Central Africa Fauna of Camer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anton Reichenow
Anton Reichenow (1 August 1847 in Charlottenburg – 6 July 1941 in Hamburg) was a German ornithologist and herpetologist. Reichenow was the son-in-law of Jean Cabanis, and worked at the Natural History Museum of Berlin from 1874 to 1921. He was an expert on African birds, making a collecting expedition to West Africa in 1872 and 1873, and writing ''Die Vögel Afrikas'' (1900–05). He was also an expert on parrots, describing all species then known in his book ''Vogelbilder aus Fernen Zonen: Abbildungen und Beschreibungen der Papageien'' (illustrated by Gustav Mützel, 1839–1893). He also wrote ''Die Vögel der Bismarckinseln'' (1899). He was editor of the ''Journal für Ornithologie'' from 1894 to 1921. A number of birds are named after him, including Reichenow's woodpecker and Reichenow's firefinch. His son Eduard Reichenow was a famous protozoologist. Reichenow is known for his classification of birds into six groups, described as "shortwings, swimmers, stiltbirds, skinb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 160 species in 32 genera. While different species are found in a wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest, whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas. Taxonomy The family Pycnonotidae was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840 as a subfamily Pycnonotinae of the thrush family Turdidae. The Arabic word ''bulbul'' (بلبل) is sometimes used to refer to the "nightingale" as well as the bulbul, but the English word ''bulbul'' refers to the birds discussed in this article. A few species that were previously considered to be memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passerine
A passerine () is any bird of the order Passeriformes (; from Latin 'sparrow' and '-shaped'), which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds, passerines are distinguished from other orders of birds by the arrangement of their toes (three pointing forward and one back), which facilitates perching. With more than 140 families and some 6,500 identified species, Passeriformes is the largest clade of birds and among the most diverse clades of terrestrial vertebrates, representing 60% of birds.Ericson, P.G.P. et al. (2003Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds ''J. Avian Biol'', 34:3–15.Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015"A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World" ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 88:1–15. Passerines are divided into three clades: Acanthisitti (New Zealand wrens), Tyranni (suboscines), and Passeri (oscines or songbirds). The passeri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cameroonian Highlands Forests
The Cameroonian Highlands forests, also known as the Cameroon Highlands forests, are a montane tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion located on the range of mountains that runs inland from the Gulf of Guinea and forms the border between Cameroon and Nigeria. This is an area of forest and grassland which has become more populous as land is cleared for agriculture. Geography The Cameroonian Highlands forests extend across the Cameroon Highlands, a chain of extinct volcanoes, covering an area of in eastern Nigeria and western Cameroon. The highlands extend roughly southwest–northeast. In the southwest the ecoregion includes the Rumpi Hills, Bakossi Mountains, Mount Nlonako, Mount Kupe, and Mount Manengouba. It extends northeast towards the Mambila Plateau, and north to the Bamenda Highlands. It continues northeast along the western flank of the Adamawa Plateau to Tchabal Gangdaba. Northern outliers include the Mambilla Plateau to the northeast, Nigeria's Obudu Plateau to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Habitat Loss
Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby reducing biodiversity and species abundance. Habitat destruction is the leading cause of biodiversity loss. Fragmentation and loss of habitat have become one of the most important topics of research in ecology as they are major threats to the survival of endangered species. Activities such as harvesting natural resources, industrial production and urbanization are human contributions to habitat destruction. Pressure from agriculture is the principal human cause. Some others include mining, logging, trawling, and urban sprawl. Habitat destruction is currently considered the primary cause of species extinction worldwide. Environmental factors can contribute to habitat destruction more indirectly. Geological processes, climate change, introdu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizelocichla
''Arizelocichla'' is a genus of greenbuls, songbirds in the bulbul family (Pycnonotidae). The genus was revived in 2010 when twelve species of bulbuls from the genus '' Andropadus'' were separated and re-classified in the genus ''Arizelocichla''. Taxonomy A molecular phylogenetic study of the bulbuls published in 2007 found that the genus '' Andropadus'' was polyphyletic. As part of a reorganization to create monophyletic genera, 12 species from ''Andropadus'' were moved to the resurrected genus ''Arizelocichla'' that had been introduced in 1905 by the American ornithologist Harry C. Oberholser with the mountain greenbul as the type species. The name ''Arizelocichla'' combines the Ancient Greek ''arizēlos'' meaning "conspicuous" or "admirable" with ''kikhlē'' meaning "thrush". Species The genus contains the following 12 species: * Cameroon greenbul (''Arizelocichla montana'') * Western greenbul (''Arizelocichla tephrolaema'') * Kakamega greenbul (''Arizelocichla kakamegae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pycnonotus
''Pycnonotus'' is a genus of frugivorous passerine birds in the bulbul family Pycnonotidae. Taxonomy and systematics The genus ''Pycnonotus'' was introduced by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1826 with the Cape bulbul as the type species. The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek words ''puknos'' "thick" or "compact" and ''-nōtos'' "-backed". The genus contains the following 32 species: * Cream-vented bulbul (''Pycnonotus simplex'') * Olive-winged bulbul (''Pycnonotus plumosus'') * Asian red-eyed bulbul (''Pycnonotus brunneus'') * Straw-headed bulbul (''Pycnonotus zeylanicus'') * Cream-eyed bulbul (''Pycnonotus pseudosimplex'') * Ashy-fronted bulbul (''Pycnonotus cinereifrons'') * White-browed bulbul (''Pycnonotus luteolus'') * Ayeyarwady bulbul (''Pycnonotus blanfordi'') * Streak-eared bulbul (''Pycnonotus conradi'') * Stripe-throated bulbul (''Pycnonotus finlaysoni'') * Flavescent bulbul (''Pycnonotus flavescens'') * Aceh bulbul (''Pycnonotus snouckaerti' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ixos Mcclellandii
The mountain bulbul (''Ixos mcclellandii'') is a songbird species in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is often placed in ''Hypsipetes'', but seems to be closer to the type species of the genus ''Ixos'', the Sunda bulbul.Gregory, Steven M. (2000): Nomenclature of the Hypsipetes Bulbuls (Pycnonotidae). ''Forktail'' 16: 164-166PDF fulltext It is found in Southeast Asia and is not considered a threatened species by the IUCN. It is named after British East India Company Surgeon John McClelland. Taxonomy and systematics The mountain bulbul was originally described in the genus ''Hypsipetes'' in 1840 by Thomas Horsfield. Alternate names for the mountain bulbul include the green-winged bulbul, McClelland's bulbul, McClelland's rufous-bellied bulbul, mountain streaked bulbul, and rufous-bellied bulbul. The common name, 'mountain bulbul', is also used as an alternate name for the Cameroon greenbul. Subspecies Nine subspecies are currently recognized: * ''I. m. mcclellandii'' - ( Hors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arizelocichla Nigriceps
The mountain greenbul (''Arizelocichla nigriceps''), or eastern mountain greenbul, is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in eastern Africa. Taxonomy and systematics The mountain greenbul was originally described in the genus '' Xenocichla'' (a synonym for ''Bleda''), then classified in '' Andropadus'' and, in 2010 re-classified to the new genus ''Arizelocichla''. Alternatively, some authorities classify the mountain greenbul in the genus '' Pycnonotus''. Some authorities also consider the olive-breasted greenbul to be a subspecies of the mountain greenbul, while others consider the mountain greenbul itself to be a subspecies of the western greenbul. The common name, 'mountain greenbul', is also used as an alternate name for the western and Cameroon greenbuls. References mountain greenbul Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa Birds of East Africa mountain greenbul mountain greenbul The mountain greenbul (''Arizelocichla nigriceps''), or eastern mountai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slender-billed Greenbul
The slender-billed greenbul (''Stelgidillas gracilirostris'') is a species in the monotypic genus ''Stelgidillas'' of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in western and central Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. Taxonomy and systematics The slender-billed greenbul was formally described in 1844 by the English naturalist Hugh Edwin Strickland under the binomial name ''Andropadus gracilirostris'' from a specimen collected on the island of Fernando Pó (now Bioko) off the west coast of Africa. A molecular phylogenetic study of the bulbuls published in 2007 found that '' Andropadus'' was non-monophyletic. In the subsequent rearrangement to create monophyletic genera, the slender-billed greenbul was moved to the genus ''Stelgidillas'' that had been introduced by Harry C. Oberholser in 1899. Alternate names for the slender-billed greenbul i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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