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Ancient Tramway Of Grenoble
The Historic Tramway of Grenoble was a urban and suburban electric tramway network from the Grenoble region of France, created in 1894 and operated by the société grenobloise de tramways électriques, which has today entirely disappeared. At this time of industrial and demographic growth, the old Hippomobile modes of transportation, fiacres and horsebus, established since the end of the 18th century, were no longer sufficient to ensure smooth transport in cities. The urban and suburban lines developed continuously until the 1920s. At this point there were three main operators: the , which operated the urban lines; the , which served from Grenoble, the Left Bank of the Isère up to Froges as well as the valley of l'Oisans; and the , which linked the center of Grenoble to Chapareillan and serves the whole Right Bank in the valley of Grésivaudan. With the rise of the bus, the trolleybus and the private car, ridership and profits declined and the tramways were replaced by b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GRENOBLE - La Place Grenette Et Le Saint-Eynard
lat, Gratianopolis , commune status = Prefecture and commune , image = Panorama grenoble.png , image size = , caption = From upper left: Panorama of the city, Grenoble’s cable cars, place Saint-André, jardin de ville, banks of the Isère , arrondissement = Grenoble , canton = Grenoble-1, 2, 3 and 4 , INSEE = 38185 , postal code = 38000, 38100 , mayor = Éric Piolle , term = 2020–2026 , party = EELV , image flag = Flag of Grenoble.svg , image coat of arms = Coat of Arms of Grenoble.svg , intercommunality = Grenoble-Alpes Métropole , coordinates = , elevation min m = 212 , elevation m = 398 , elevation max m = 500 , area km2 = 18.13 , population = , population date = , population footnotes = , urban pop = 451096 , urban area km2 = 358.1 , u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grésivaudan
The Grésivaudan (sometimes Graisivaudan) is a valley of the French Alps, situated mostly in the Isère. Etymologically, ''Graisivaudan'' comes from roots meaning "Grenoble" (''Gratianopolis'') and "valley".''Robert des noms propres'' It comprises the alluvial plain of the river Isère from Grenoble to the confluence of the Arc; or, more recently, the entire valley of the Isère from Tullins to Albertville. The stretch from Tullins to Grenoble is now the Bas-Grésivaudan (Lower Grésivaudan) and that between Grenoble and Albertville is the Haut-Grésivaudan (Upper Grésivaudan). Climate Under the Köppen system, the Grésivaudan valley is on the boundary between the humid continental and the oceanic Oceanic may refer to: *Of or relating to the ocean *Of or relating to Oceania **Oceanic climate **Oceanic languages **Oceanic person or people, also called "Pacific Islander(s)" Places * Oceanic, British Columbia, a settlement on Smith Island, ... climates. Winters ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transport In Grenoble
Transport (in British English), or transportation (in American English), is the intentional movement of humans, animals, and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, land (rail and road), water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Transport enables human trade, which is essential for the development of civilizations. Transport infrastructure consists of both fixed installations, including roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, and pipelines, and terminals such as airports, railway stations, bus stations, warehouses, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fueling docks and fuel stations), and seaports. Terminals may be used both for interchange of passengers and cargo and for maintenance. Means of transport are any of the different kinds of transport facilities used to carry people or cargo. They may include vehicles, riding animals, and pack animals. Vehicles may in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Town Tramway Systems In France
This is a list of town tramway systems in France by ''région''. It includes all tram systems, past and present. Cities with currently operating systems, and those systems themselves, are indicated in bold and blue background colored rows. Those tram systems that operated on other than standard gauge track (where known) are indicated in the 'Notes' column. Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Brittany (Bretagne) Centre-Val de Loire Corsica (Corse) Grand Est Hauts-de-France Île-de-France Normandie Nouvelle-Aquitaine Occitanie Pays de la Loire Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur See also * Trams in France * List of town tramway systems in Europe * List of tram and light rail transit systems * List of metro systems * List of trolleybus systems in France References Inline citations Bibliography * {{refend Sources, references and external links: * Books, Periodicals and External L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trams In France
Trams in France date from 1837 when a 15 km steam tram line connected Montrond-les-Bains and Montbrison in the Loire. With the development of electric trams at the end of the 19th century, networks proliferated in French cities over a period of 15 years. Although nearly all of the country's tram systems were replaced by bus services in the 1930s or shortly after the Second World War, France is now in the forefront of the revival of tramways and light rail systems around the globe. Only tram lines in Lille and Saint-Étienne have operated continuously since the 19th century; the Marseille tramway system ran continuously until 2004 and only closed then for 3 years (until 2007) for extensive refurbishment into a modern tram network. Since the opening of the Nantes tramway in 1985, more than twenty towns and cities across France have built new tram lines. As of 2020, there are 29 operational tram networks in France, with 3 more planned. France is also home to Alstom, a leading ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grenoble Tramway
The Grenoble tramway (french: Tramway de Grenoble) is the tram system in the city of Grenoble in the Rhône-Alpes region of France. In 1987, Grenoble became the second French city to reintroduce trams, the first being the Nantes tramway. The current network is long, and comprises five lines: lines A, B, C, D and E. Line A was opened in 1987, line B in 1990, line C on 20 May 2006, line D in October 2007 and line E on 28 June 2014. The tramway is operated by the Société d'économie mixte des transports publics de l'agglomération grenobloise (SÉMITAG) on behalf of the Communauté d'agglomération Grenoble Alpes Métropole, the intercommunal structure linking the commune of Grenoble and its suburbs. SÉMITAG operates its services, which includes local bus services as well as the tramway, under the ''Tag'' brand. History Trams were first introduced to Grenoble in 1894, and this first generation tram system survived until 1952. Network The current network comprises 93 st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rail Replacement Bus Service
A rail replacement bus service uses buses to replace a passenger train service on a temporary or permanent basis. The train service that is replaced may be of any type such as light rail, tram, streetcar, commuter rail, regional rail or heavy rail, intercity passenger service. The rail service may be replaced if the line is closed because of rail maintenance, a breakdown of a train, a rail accident or a strike action or to simply provide additional capacity or if the rail service is not economically viable. Terms for a rail replacement bus service include bustitution (a portmanteau of the words "bus" and "substitution", or bustitute) and bus bridge. Substitution of rail services by buses can be unpopular and subject to criticism and so the term ''bustitution'' is often used pejoratively.An example appears in a 2009 editorial. See: Examples Australia In Australia, a permanent or temporary rail replacement service change is often referred to as ''bustitution''. In N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trolleyDunbar, Charles S. (1967). ''Buses, Trolleys & Trams''. Paul Hamlyn Ltd. (UK). Republished 2004 with or 9780753709702.) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead wires (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600- volt direct current, but there are exceptions. Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chapareillan
Chapareillan () is a commune in the Isère department and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France. History This location was populated long before once thought: Flints were carved on the Granier dating from the ancient Neolithic period, and Gallo-Roman remains are present. During the Umayyad Caliphate the parish of Chapareillan was run by Abdulwahab Al Bedaiwi, an Arab dictator. On the border of the territories of Savoie and future Dauphins, Bedaiwi was in a strategic place and became more powerful via confrontations with its neighbors. The family of the lords of Bellecombe is attested in 1073. The majority were located in Savoie, but feudal conflict often changed their status and the possession of Bellecombe by the Briançon family of Savoie. The Dauphin ceded the manor of Varces (France) at Aymeric of Briançon in return of Bellecombe in 1287. Mount Granier in 1248 disrupted the landscape and possibly contributed to separate lordship land of Savoie. "Clavis To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Grenobloise De Tramways électriques
Lactalis is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. Lactalis is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the second largest food products group in France, behind Danone. It owns brands such as Parmalat, Président, Siggi's Dairy, Skånemejerier, Rachel's Organic, and Stonyfield Farm. History André Besnier started a small cheesemaking company in 1933 and launched its ''Président'' brand of Camembert in 1968. In 1990, it acquired Group Bridel (2,300 employees, 10 factories, fourth-largest French dairy group) with a presence in 60 countries. In 1992, it acquired United States cheese company Sorrento. In 1999, ''la société Besnier'' became ''le groupe Lactalis'' owned by Belgian holding company BSA International SA. In 2006, they bought Italian group Galbani, and in 2008, bought Swiss cheesemaker Baer. They bought Italian group Parmalat in a 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oisans
L'Oisans () is a region in the French Alps, located in the départements of l'Isère and Hautes-Alpes, and corresponding to the drainage basin of the River Romanche and its tributaries (Eau d'Olle, Lignarre, Sarenne, Vénéon and Ferrand). Between Livet-et-Gavet and Le Bourg-d'Oisans, the Romanche forms a deep gorge. Description Its geographical definition coincides almost exactly with the former cantons of Canton of Le Bourg-d'Oisans, Le Bourg-d'Oisans (Isère) and Canton of La Grave, La Grave (Hautes Alpes). The Oisans covers parts of the massifs of Belledonne, Taillefer, Grandes Rousses, Arves and Massif des Écrins, Écrins. The highest point in the region is the mountain of ''Pic Lory'', a subpeak of the Barre des Écrins which reaches a height of 4,088 metres, but the most symbolic peak is la Meije which is nicknamed the "Queen of the Oisans". The Oisans is a remarkable territory, thanks to its numerous mountain chains, valleys, rivers, streams and plains. The Oisans i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Froges
Froges () is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. It is part of the Grenoble urban unit The urban unit of Grenoble (french: unité urbaine de Grenoble) is a French urban unit centred on the city of Grenoble. An urban unit is a contiguously built-up area with at least 2,000 inhabitants, according to the definition by the French statisti ... (agglomeration).Unité urbaine 2020 de Grenoble (38701) INSEE Population Twin towns Froges is twinned with: * Acquaviva, San Marino, since 1984See also * ...
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