Amto–Musan Languages

	Amto–Musan Languages Amto–Musan is a language family of two closely related but mutually unintelligible Papuan languages, Amto and Siawi, spoken along the Samaia River of Sandaun Province of Papua New Guinea. Languages Foley (2018) and Usher (2020) agree that the family consists of two languages. ;Amto–Musan / Samaia River family * Amto (Ki) Musan (Musian, Siawi) External relationships Amto–Musan was left unclassified by Ross (2005) (see Papuan languages#Ross classification) due to lack of data; Wurm (1975) had posited it as an independent family. The family has typological similarities with the Busa language isolate, but these do not appear to demonstrate a genetic relationship. Timothy Usher links the Amto–Musan languages to their neighbors, the Arai languages and the Pyu language in as Arai–Samaia stock. Foley (2018) classifies them separately as an independent language family. Foley also notes that due to heavy contact and trade with Left May languages, Amto–Musan langua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Samaia River The Samaia River or Simaia River is a river in Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea. Simaia Riverat Geonames.org (cc-by) post updated 2011-06-05; database downloaded 2015-06-22 The river flows through Green River Rural LLG. Various Papuan languages are spoken in the watershed of the Samaia River, including the Amto–Musan languages (also called the Samaia River languages).Usher, Timothy. 2020Samaia River New Guinea World. See also * List of rivers of Papua New Guinea * Arai–Samaia languages Amto–Musan languages Amto–Musan is a language family of two closely related but mutually unintelligible Papuan languages, Amto and Siawi, spoken along the Samaia River of Sandaun Province of Papua New Guinea. Languages Foley (2018) and Usher (2020) agree that t ... References Rivers of Papua New Guinea {{PapuaNewGuinea-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Busa Language (Papuan) The Busa language, also known as Odiai (Uriai), is spoken in three hamlets of northwestern Papua New Guinea. There were 244 speakers at the time of the 2000 census. One of the hamlets where Busa is spoken is Busa () in Rawei ward, Green River Rural LLG, Sandaun Province. Busa speakers are in extensive trade and cultural contact with Yadë, a distantly related language spoken in six villages to the north of the Busa area. Classification Busa may be one of the Kwomtari languages. Foley (2018) classifies Busa as a language isolate (meaning unclassified), but does not exclude the possibility that it may have a distant relationship with the Torricelli languages. Pronouns Pronouns are: : Basic vocabulary Busa basic vocabulary listed in Foley (2018): : The following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad and Dye (1975), as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database: : Affixes Busa subject agreement affixes are: : The Busa possessive suffix -''ni'' is also found in proto-Sepik a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Owiniga Language Owiniga ( Bero, Samo, Taina) is a Left May language of Tunap/Hunstein Rural LLG, East Sepik Province in Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... It is spoken in Amu, Inagri (), Samo (), and Yei () villages. References Left May languages Languages of East Sepik Province {{PapuaNewGuinea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Nimo Language Nimo (Nimo-Wasawai) is a Left May language of Papua New Guinea, in Sandaun Province. ''Nimo'' and ''Wasawai'' are two of the villages inhabited by speakers of this language. It is close to Nakwi. It is spoken in Arakau, Binuto, Didipas (), Fowiom, Nimo (), Uburu, Uwawi, Wamwiu, Wasuai (), and Yuwaitri villages, some of which are located in Nino ward, Tunap/Hunstein Rural LLG, East Sepik Province East Sepik is a province in Papua New Guinea. Its capital is Wewak. East Sepik has an estimated population of 433,481 people (2010 census) and is 43,426 km square in size. History Cherubim Dambui was appointed as East Sepik's first premier .... References Left May languages Languages of Sandaun Province {{PapuaNewGuinea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ama Language (New Guinea) Ama (Sawiyanu) is a Left May languages, Left May language of Papua New Guinea, in East Sepik Province. Former dialects have merged. Ethnologue reports that it is spoken in Ama (Wopolu I) (), Kauvia (Kawiya) (), Waniap creek (), Wopolu II (Nokonufa) (), and Yonuwai () villages of Tunap/Hunstein Rural LLG, East Sepik Province. Phonology Ama has 12 consonants, which are: : Ama has 7 vowels, which are: : Pronouns Pronouns are: : Grammar Ama has four tenses, which are marked by suffixes. remote past (-''ki'') near past (i. e. yesterday) (-''a'') present (today) (Ø, ''unmarked'') future (-''imoi'' ~ -''i'') References {{Authority control Left May languages Languages of East Sepik Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Left May Languages The Left May or Arai languages are a small language family of half a dozen closely related but not mutually intelligible languages in the centre of New Guinea, in the watershed of the Left May River. There are only about 2,000 speakers in all. Foley (2018) classifies them separately as an independent language family, while Usher (2020) links them with the Amto–Musan languages. The Left May languages are spoken at the extreme western end of East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. Ama is the best documented Left May language. Languages The languages are: : Iteri (Rocky Peak), Nakwi, Ama, Nimo, Owiniga, and (possibly) Bo. Classification Foley (2018) provides the following classification. ;Left May family western branch: Ama; Nimo; Iteri, Bo eastern branch: Owiniga Iteri and Bo are closely related to each other. Usher (2020) does not recognize a primary western branch, and distinguishes more languages. ; Arai River family * Ama Nimo–Nakwi * Nakwi Nimo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:** [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Pyu Language (Papua New Guinea) Pyu is a language isolate spoken in Papua New Guinea. As of 2000, the language had about 100 speakers. It is spoken in Biake No. 2 village () of Biake ward, Green River Rural LLG in Sandaun Province. Classification Timothy Usher links the Pyu language to its neighbors, the Left May languages and the Amto–Musan languages, in as Arai–Samaia stock. An automated computational analysis (ASJP The Automated Similarity Judgment Program (ASJP) is a collaborative project applying computational approaches to comparative linguistics using a database of word lists. The database is open access and consists of 40-item basic-vocabulary lists ... 4) by Müller et al. (2013)Müller, André, Viveka Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie Epps, Anthony G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Arai Languages The Left May or Arai languages are a small language family of half a dozen closely related but not mutually intelligible languages in the centre of New Guinea, in the watershed of the Left May River. There are only about 2,000 speakers in all. Foley (2018) classifies them separately as an independent language family, while Usher (2020) links them with the Amto–Musan languages. The Left May languages are spoken at the extreme western end of East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. Ama is the best documented Left May language. Languages The languages are: : Iteri (Rocky Peak), Nakwi, Ama, Nimo, Owiniga, and (possibly) Bo. Classification Foley (2018) provides the following classification. ;Left May family western branch: Ama; Nimo; Iteri, Bo eastern branch: Owiniga Iteri and Bo are closely related to each other. Usher (2020) does not recognize a primary western branch, and distinguishes more languages. ; Arai River family * Ama Nimo–Nakwi * Nakwi ** Nimo * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Language Isolate Language isolates are languages that cannot be classified into larger language families. Korean and Basque are two of the most common examples. Other language isolates include Ainu in Asia, Sandawe in Africa, and Haida in North America. The number of language isolates is unknown. A language isolate is unrelated to any other, which makes it the only language in its own language family. It is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationships—one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. One explanation for the existence of language isolates is that they might be the last remaining branch of a larger language family. The language possibly had relatives in the past which have since disappeared without being documented. Another explanation for language isolates is that they developed in isolation from other languages. This explanation mostly applies to sign languages that have arisen independently ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Language Typology Linguistic typology (or language typology) is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features to allow their comparison. Its aim is to describe and explain the structural diversity and the common properties of the world's languages. Its subdisciplines include, but are not limited to phonological typology, which deals with sound features; syntactic typology, which deals with word order and form; lexical typology, which deals with language vocabulary; and theoretical typology, which aims to explain the universal tendencies. Linguistic typology is contrasted with genealogical linguistics on the grounds that typology groups languages or their grammatical features based on formal similarities rather than historic descendence. The issue of genealogical relation is however relevant to typology because modern data sets aim to be representative and unbiased. Samples are collected evenly from different language families, emphasizing t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Sandaun Province Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea. It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13868 m2) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the area surrounding the town Aitape was hit by an enormous tsunami caused by a Magnitude 7.0 earthquake which killed over 2,000 people. The five villages along the west coast of Vanimo towards the International Border are namely; Lido, Waromo, Yako, Musu and Wutung. Name Sandaun is a Tok Pisin word derived from English "sun down," since the province is located in the west of the country, where the sun sets. The province was formerly named West Sepik Province, for the Sepik River that flows through the province and forms part of the province's southern border. Physical Geography The Sandaun Province has beaches along the northern coast, as well as mountainous areas throughout the province, primarily in the southern area of the province. Sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Musan Language Siawi, also known as Musan, is one of two Amto–Musan (Samaia River) languages. It is spoken in Siawi village (), Green River Rural LLG, Sandaun Province, Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i .... The name "Siawi" is misspelling of the endonym, ''Siafli'', used on government maps. The old name for the language, "Musan", is a clan name. Notes Languages of Sandaun Province Amto–Musan languages {{PapuaNewGuinea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]