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Alsophila Jimeneziana
''Alsophila jimeneziana'', synonym ''Cyathea crassa'', is a species of tree fern endemic to the Dominican Republic. Little is known about this rare tree fern. ''A. jimeneziana'' is part of the ''Alsophila woodwardioides'' complex from the Greater Antilles, together with five other species: ''Alsophila fulgens'', ''Alsophila grevilleana'', ''Alsophila portoricensis'', and ''Alsophila tussacii'' (all also placed in ''Cyathea''). This species is not conspecific with ''Alsophila crassa'' Karsten, which is based on material collected from wet, cold, montane forest at Mérida by Franz Engel in 1859. The ''Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World'' considers it to be a synonym of '' Cyathea clandestina''. Because the specific epithet ''crassa'' is unavailable for this tree fern if placed in the genus '' Alsophila'', having already been used by Karsten, David Conant published the replacement name In biological nomenclature, a ''nomen novum'' (Latin for "new name"), new replacem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synonym (taxonomy)
The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called ''Pinus abies''. This name is no longer in use, so it is now a synonym of the current scientific name, ''Picea abies''. * In zoology, moving a species from one genus to another results in a different binomen, but the name is considered an alternative combination rather than a synonym. The concept of synonymy in zoology is reserved for two names at the same rank that refers to a taxon at that rank - for example, the name ''Papilio prorsa'' Linnaeus, 1758 is a junior synonym of ''Papilio levana'' Linnaeus, 1758, being names for different seasonal forms of the species now referred to as ''Araschnia le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mérida, Mérida
Mérida, officially known as ''Santiago de los Caballeros de Mérida'', is the capital of the municipality of Libertador and the state of Mérida, and is one of the main cities of the Venezuelan Andes. It was founded in 1558 by Captain Juan Rodríguez Suárez, forming part of Nueva Granada, but later became part of the Captaincy General of Venezuela and played an active role in the War of Independence. The capital city's population is 204,879 inhabitants, and the metropolitan area, that includes the municipality of Libertador, reaches 345,489 people (Census 2001). The city accounts for 28% of the total population of Mérida State, which has more than 750,000 inhabitants (Census 2001). It is home to the University of Los Andes and the Archdiocese of Mérida. It also has the highest and longest cable car in the world. It is the largest student and tourist center of western Venezuela. The mass transit system ( Trolebús Mérida) is available as a means of tourist transport. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flora Of The Dominican Republic
The flora of the Dominican Republic is diverse. Species * '' Abarema abbottii'' * '' Aiphanes minima'' * ''Akrosida floribunda'' * '' Ardisia escallonioides'' * ''Aulacomnium palustre'' * ''Bactris plumeriana'' * ''Boerhavia diffusa'' * '' Buddleja domingensis'' * '' Burmannia capitata'' * ''Byrsonima crassifolia'' * ''Carica papaya'' * ''Cassytha filiformis'' * ''Catalpa brevipes'' * ''Cedrela odorata'' * ''Cissus trifoliata'' * ''Clusia rosea'' * '' Coccothrinax boschiana'' * ''Crescentia cujete'' * ''Croton barahonensis'' * ''Croton ciliatoglandulifer'' * ''Croton eluteria'' * '' Cyathea abbottii'' * ''Cyathea balanocarpa'' * '' Cyathea brooksii'' * '' Cyathea crassa'' * '' Cyathea fulgens'' * ''Dipholis salicifolia'' * '' Dorstenia erythranda'' * '' Dorstenia peltata'' * '' Fuchsia triphylla'' * ''Gaussia attenuata'' * ''Hymenaea protera'' * '' Hymenocallis latifolia'' * '' Jaltomata antillana'' * ''Jatropha integerrima'' * '' Juglans jamaicensis'' * '' Juniperus gracilior'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Plant Names Index
The International Plant Names Index (IPNI) describes itself as "a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes." Coverage of plant names is best at the rank of species and genus. It includes basic bibliographical details associated with the names. Its goals include eliminating the need for repeated reference to primary sources for basic bibliographic information about plant names. The IPNI also maintains a list of standardized author abbreviations. These were initially based on Brummitt & Powell (1992), but new names and abbreviations are continually added. Description IPNI is the product of a collaboration between The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Index Kewensis), The Harvard University Herbaria (Gray Herbarium Index), and the Australian National Herbarium ( APNI). The IPNI database is a collection of the names registered by the three cooperating institutions and they work towards standardizing the information. The stan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Replacement Name
In biological nomenclature, a ''nomen novum'' (Latin for "new name"), new replacement name (or replacement name, new substitute name, substitute name) is a scientific name that is created specifically to replace another scientific name, but only when this other name cannot be used for technical, nomenclatural reasons (for example because it is a homonym: it is spelled the same as an existing, older name). It does not apply when a name is changed for taxonomic reasons (representing a change in scientific insight). It is frequently abbreviated, ''e.g.'' ''nomen nov.'', ''nom. nov.''. Zoology In zoology establishing a new replacement name is a nomenclatural act and it must be expressly proposed to substitute a previously established and available name. Often, the older name cannot be used because another animal was described earlier with exactly the same name. For example, Lindholm discovered in 1913 that a generic name ''Jelskia'' established by Bourguignat in 1877 for a European ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Conant
David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the third king of the United Kingdom of Israel. In the Books of Samuel, he is described as a young shepherd and harpist who gains fame by slaying Goliath, a champion of the Philistines, in southern Canaan. David becomes a favourite of Saul, the first king of Israel; he also forges a notably close friendship with Jonathan, a son of Saul. However, under the paranoia that David is seeking to usurp the throne, Saul attempts to kill David, forcing the latter to go into hiding and effectively operate as a fugitive for several years. After Saul and Jonathan are both killed in battle against the Philistines, a 30-year-old David is anointed king over all of Israel and Judah. Following his rise to power, David co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alsophila (plant)
''Alsophila'' is a genus of tree ferns in the family Cyatheaceae. It has also been considered to be a section in the subgenus ''Cyathea'' of the genus ''Cyathea''. Description Species of ''Alsophila'' have a treelike growth habit, with an erect trunk that rarely branches, or sometimes a more shrublike habit, with a creeping stem. Their fronds are large, with a strawlike stalk (stipe), dark brown or black in colour. Brown or dark brown scales are present, with distinct margins. The blade (lamina) of the frond is divided one to three times (one- to three-pinnate). The sori (spore-producing structures) are rounded and borne on smaller veins on the lower surface of the frond. An indusium (a covering to the sori) may or may not be present; if present initially, it may be lost as the frond ages. ''Alsophila'' is now separated from the other genera in the family Cyatheaceae primarily on the basis of molecular phylogenetic studies. The scales on the stalks (petioles) provide a morphol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epithet
An epithet (, ), also byname, is a descriptive term (word or phrase) known for accompanying or occurring in place of a name and having entered common usage. It has various shades of meaning when applied to seemingly real or fictitious people, divinities, objects, and binomial nomenclature. It can also be a descriptive title: for example, Pallas Athena, Phoebus Apollo, Alfred the Great, Suleiman the Magnificent, and Władysław I the Elbow-high. Many English monarchs have traditional epithets: some of the best known are Edward the Confessor, William the Conqueror, Richard the Lionheart, Æthelred the Unready, John Lackland and Bloody Mary. The word ''epithet'' can also refer to an abusive, defamatory, or derogatory phrase. This use as a euphemism is criticized by Martin Manser and other proponents of linguistic prescription. H. W. Fowler complained that "epithet is suffering a vulgarization that is giving it an abusive imputation." Linguistics Epithets are sometimes at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyathea Clandestina
''Cyathea'' is a genus of tree ferns, the type genus of the fern order Cyatheales. The genus name ''Cyathea'' is derived from the Greek ''kyatheion'', meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped sori on the underside of the fronds. Description The species of ''Cyathea'' are mostly terrestrial ferns, usually with a single tall stem. Rarely, the trunk may be branched or creeping. Many species also develop a fibrous mass of roots at the base of the trunk. The genus has a pantropical distribution, with over 470 species. They grow in habitats ranging from tropical rain forests to temperate woodlands. Classification Conant ''et al.'' in 1996, concluded on molecular cpDNA and morphological evidence that a system of three clades – ''Alsophila'', ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'' was the most accurate reflection of evolutionary lineages within the Cyatheaceae, ''Alsophila'' being the most basal and ''Cyathea'' and ''Sphaeropteris'' derived sister groups. In the Pteridophyte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Engel (naturalist)
Franz Engel (1834 in Röbel – 1920 in Neubrandenburg) was a German explorer and naturalist. He traveled extensively in South America in the years 1857–63 and published the results of his explorations in several volumes, including ''Studien unter den Tropen Amerikas'' (“Studies among the American tropics,” 2d ed., 1879), ‘Aus dem Pflanzerstaate Zulia’ (“From the plantation state of Zulia Zulia State ( es, Estado Zulia, ; Wayuu: ''Mma’ipakat Suuria'') is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Maracaibo. As of the 2011 census, it has a population of 3,704,404, the largest population among Venezuela's states. It ...,” 1881). From 1872 to 1896 he published the ''Landwirthschaftliche Jahrbücher'' (“Agricultural yearbooks”). Notes References * External links * 1834 births 1920 deaths 19th-century German botanists German explorers Explorers of South America {{Botanist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Karsten
Gustav Karsten (24 November 1820 – 16 March 1900) was a German physicist. Karsten was born in Berlin. He studied mathematics and sciences at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1843 with the thesis ''Imponderabilium praesertim electricitatis theoria dynamica''. At Berlin his teachers were Jakob Steiner, Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet and Heinrich Wilhelm Dove. In 1845 he obtained his habilitation, and from 1847 to 1894 he was a professor of physics and mineralogy at the University of Kiel. At the university he held lectures on experimental and theoretical physics, mineralogy, physical geography and meteorology. He was the doctoral advisor of the influential German-American anthropologist Franz Boas. On four separate occasions he served as university rector (1859–61, 1863–65, 1867/68 and 1890/91).Karst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyatheales
The order Cyatheales, which includes most tree ferns, is a taxonomic order of the fern class, Polypodiopsida. No clear morphological features characterize all of the Cyatheales, but DNA sequence data indicate the order is monophyletic. Some species in the Cyatheales have tree-like growth forms from a vertical rhizome, others have shorter or horizontal expanding rhizomes. Some species have scales on the stems and leaves, while others have hairs. However, most plants in the Cyatheales are tree ferns and have trunk-like stems up to tall. It is unclear how many times the tree form has evolved and been lost in the order.Judd, W.S., C.S. Campbell, E.A. Kellogg, P.F. Stevens, and M.J. Donoghue (Eds.) 2008. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, Third Edition. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. Description While the Cyatheales have been shown to be monophyletic through molecular analysis, no prominent morphological characteristics are common to the entire group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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