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Alexander I Of Georgia
Alexander I the Great (, ''Aleksandre I Didi'') (1386 – between August 26, 1445 and March 7, 1446), of the Bagrationi house, was king of Georgia from 1412 to 1442. Despite his efforts to restore the country from the ruins left by the Turco-Mongol warlords and Timur's invasions, Georgia never recovered and faced the inevitable fragmentation that was followed by a long period of stagnation. Alexander was the last ruler of a united Georgia which was relatively free from foreign domination. In 1442, he abdicated the throne and retired to a monastery. Life Alexander was the eldest son of Constantine I of Georgia and his wife Natia, daughter of the Georgian diplomat prince Kutsna Amirejibi. He was brought up by his grandmother (Natia's mother) Rusa (died 1413), an educated and religious noblewoman, who greatly influenced the future king’s preoccupations and his enthusiasm for religious building. With his ascension to the throne (1412), Alexander moved to western Georgia and me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of The Kings Of Georgia
This is a list of kings and queens regnant of the kingdoms of Georgia before Russian annexation in 1801–1810. For more comprehensive lists, and family trees, of Georgian monarchs and rulers see Lists of Georgian monarchs. Kings of Iberia Presiding princes of Iberia Georgia under Bagrationi dynasty Many members of the Bagrationi dynasty were forced to flee the country and live in exile after the Red Army took control of the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1921 and installed the Georgian Communist Party. Since Georgia regained independence in 1990 the dynasty have raised their profile, and in 2008 the two rival branches were united in marriage. Timeline of Georgian monarchs ImageSize = width:800 height:75 PlotArea = width:720 height:50 left:65 bottom:20 AlignBars = justify Colors = id:time value:rgb(0.7,0.7,1) # id:period value:rgb(1,0.7,0.5) # id:age value:rgb(0.95,0.85,0.5) # id:era value:rgb(1,0.85,0.5) # id:eon value:rgb(1,0.85 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Georgia
The Kingdom of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს სამეფო, tr), also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy that was founded in circa 1008 AD. It reached its Golden Age of political and economic strength during the reign of King David IV and Queen Tamar the Great from 11th to 13th centuries. Georgia became one of the pre-eminent nations of the Christian East and its pan-Caucasian empire and network of tributaries stretching from Eastern Europe to Anatolia and northern frontiers of Iran, while also maintaining religious possessions abroad, such as the Monastery of the Cross in Jerusalem and the Monastery of Iviron in Greece. It was the principal historical precursor of present-day Georgia. Lasting for several centuries, the kingdom fell to the Mongol invasions in the 13th century, but managed to re-assert sovereignty by the 1340s. The following decades were marked by the Black Death, as well as numerous invasions under the lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lori Province
Lori ( hy, Լոռի, ), is a province ('' marz'') of Armenia. It is located in the north of the country, bordering Georgia. Vanadzor is the capital and largest city of the province. Other important towns include Stepanavan, Alaverdi, and Spitak. It is home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Haghpat and Sanahin monasteries and the well-preserved Akhtala monastery, where Armenians, Georgians, and Greeks make an annual pilgrimage on September 20–21. The province was heavily damaged during the 1988 Armenian earthquake. The province is served by the Stepanavan Airport. Etymology The name Lori (Լոռի) is of Armenian origin (from Armenian "quail"), first appeared in the 11th century when King David I Anhoghin founded the fortified city of Lori. The fortress-city became the capital of the Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget in 1065. The name Lori later spread through the region and replaced the original name of Tashir. Geography Situated at the north of modern-day Armenia, Lori c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shio II Of Georgia
Shio II ( ka, შიო II) was a 15th-century Georgian prelate mentioned as the Catholicos Patriarch of Georgia in the documents dating from 1440 to 1443/47. Shio was a close associate of King Alexander I of Georgia, with whom he cooperated to restore the kingdom from the effects of the disastrous invasions by Timur earlier that century. Biography Shio's tenure is preceded and succeeded by those of the catholicos named David, whom traditional lists of the Georgian prelates, such as those compiled by Michel Tamarati and Roin Metreveli, and that accepted by the Georgian Orthodox Church, identify as David III (1435–1439) and David IV (1443/47–1457), respectively. Some historians, especially Cyril Toumanoff, see in these names one and the same person, David II, a son of King Alexander I. Toumanoff, further, conjectures that Shio was a ''locum tenens A locum, or locum tenens, is a person who temporarily fulfills the duties of another; the term is especially used for physicians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samtskhe Atabegate
The Samtskhe-Saatabago or Samtskhe Atabegate ( ka, სამცხე-საათაბაგო), also called the Principality of Samtskhe (სამცხის სამთავრო), was a Georgian feudal principality in Zemo Kartli, ruled by an atabeg (tutor) of Georgia for nearly three and a half centuries, between 1268 and 1625. Its territory consisted of the modern-day Samtskhe-Javakheti region and the historical region of Tao-Klarjeti. History Duchy of Samtskhe By the early 13th century, the members of house of Jaqeli were one among many powerful marcher lords, and certainly not the most significant. The title atabeg, by which the Jaqelis would later be known, was as yet reserved for the Mkhargrdzelis, the Armenian family that controlled Ani. The rise of the Jaqeli line was intimately bound up with the Mongol invasion of Georgia. In this initial phase of conquest, most of the Georgian and Armenian nobles, who held military posts along the frontier regions submit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivane II Jaqeli
Ivane II Jaqeli ( ka, ივანე II ჯაყელი) (1370 – 1444) was a Georgian prince (''mtavari'') and longest-reigning Atabeg of Samtskhe from 1391 to 1444. His father was Beka II, the great-grandson of Beka I Jaqeli. In 1395, after Aghbugha I's death Ivane took an absolute power. Ivane was an energetic ruler. In 1390s he was fighting against Tamerlane to defend Meskhetian lands, but in 1400 economically weakened Ivane surrendered to the Turco-Mongolian forces. In early 1410s Ivane created separatist factions against Bagrationi dynasty. He wanted to gain independence for the Meskhetian church, but faced opposition of Georgian clergy.Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, Volume 5, page 89, Tbilisi, 1980 In 1414 King Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon 495–454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Pope Alexander I (died 115), early bishop of Rome * Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (died 320s), patriarch of . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Atabeg
Atabeg, Atabek, or Atabey is a hereditary title of nobility of Turkic origin, indicating a governor of a nation or province who was subordinate to a monarch and charged with raising the crown prince. The first instance of the title's use was with early Seljuk Turks who bestowed it on the Persian vizier Nizam al-Mulk It was later used in the Kingdom of Georgia, first within the Armeno-Georgian family of Mkhargrdzeli as a military title and then within the house of Jaqeli as princes of Samtskhe. Title origins and meanings The word ''atabeg'' is a compound of the Turkic word ''ata'', "ancestor", or "father" and the word ''beg'' or ''bey'', "lord, leader, prince". ''Beg'' is stated in some sources as being of Iranian origin (as in the compound Baghdad from ''bag/beg'' and ''dad'', "lord" given). However, according to Gerhard Doerfer, the word ''beg'' may have possibly been of Turkic origin – the origin of the word still remains disputed to this day. The title ''Atabeg'' was co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Abkhazia
The Principality of Abkhazia ( ka, აფხაზეთის სამთავრო, tr) emerged as a separate feudal entity in the 15th-16th centuries, amid the civil wars in the Kingdom of Georgia that concluded with the Triarchy and collapse of the Kingdom of Georgia, dissolution of the unified Georgian monarchy. The principality retained a degree of autonomy under the Ottoman empire, Ottoman, and then the Russian empire, Russian rule, but was eventually absorbed into the Russian Empire in 1864. Background Abkhazia, as a duchy (''saeristavo'') within the Kingdom of Georgia, was previously referred as the Duchy of Tskhumi was ruled by the clan of House of Shervashidze, Shervashidze (aka Sharvashidze, Chachba, or Sharashia) since the 12th century. The sources are very scarce about the Abkhazian history of that time. The Genoa, Genoese established their trading factories along the Abkhazian coastline in the 14th century, but they functioned for a short time. When the Georgia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Mingrelia
The Principality of Mingrelia ( ka, სამეგრელოს სამთავრო, tr), also known as Odishi and as Samegrelo, was a historical state in Georgia ruled by the Dadiani dynasty. History The principality emerged out of a non-aggression pact and an ensuing treaty signed by Konstantine II of Kartli, Alexandre of Kakhetia, and Qvarqvare II, ''atabag'' of Samtshke, which divided Georgia into three kingdoms and a number of principalities. Mingrelia was established as an independent Principality in 1557 with Levan I Dadiani serving as a hereditary ''mtavari'' (Prince). It remained independent until it became a subject to Imperial Russia in 1803. This came after it signed a patronage treaty with the Russian Empire, which was concluded in return for Russian protection against the harassment of Mingrelia's more powerful neighbors, Imeretia and Abkhazia. The principality ultimately came to an end when Prince Niko Dadiani was deposed, and the principality abolished, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kutsna Amirejibi
Kutsna Amirejibi (), also known as Kutsna the Chamberlain ( fl. 1350–1415 Dumin SV, Chikovani YK (1998). Дворянские роды Российской империи ("Noble families of the Russian Empire"), vol. 4, p. 114. Moscow: Likominvest.) was a Georgian nobleman active during and in the aftermath of Timur's invasions of Georgia. He was a father-in-law of King Constantine I of Georgia and a maternal grandfather of King Alexander I of Georgia.Toumanoff, Cyril (1949–51). "The Fifteenth-Century Bagratids and the Institution of Collegial Sovereignty in Georgia". ''Traditio'' 7: 176–177. Origin It is not completely clear to which noble house Kutsna belonged. The latter part of his name, '' Amirejibi'', or sometimes written as ''Amiredjibi'', indicates his being a Prince-Chamberlain of the Kingdom of Georgia, but it is also the surname of the aristocratic family better documented from the early 17th century. Modern genealogists in Georgia have accepted the notion that Kut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgie Au XVI Siecle
Georgie may refer to: People * Georgie Born (b. 1955), British musician and academic * Georgie Davis (b. 1969), artist name of the Dutch singer Kees Rietveld * Georgie Friedrichs, Australian rugby sevens player * Georgie Glen, Scottish actress * Georgie Jessel (1898–1981), American actor and comedian * George Pocheptsov (b. 1992), commonly referred to as "Georgie", an American painter, draughtsman and entrepreneur * Georgie Tapps (1907–1997), American tap dancer ;Fictional people * Georgie Denbrough, a fictional character from Stephen King's horror novel '' It'' In art * ''Georgie'', a 1944 children's picture book written and illustrated by Robert Bright * ''Georgie!'', a 1982–84 manga series written by Mann Izawa and illustrated by Yumiko Igarashi See also * Georgies * Giorgi (other) * Georgy (other) * George (other) * Georgia (other) * Giorgio (other) Giorgio may refer to: * Castel Giorgio, ''comune'' in Umbria, Italy * Giorgio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triarchy And Collapse Of The Kingdom Of Georgia
The collapse of the Georgian realm ( ka, ქართული სახელმწიფოს დაშლა, tr) was a political and territorial fragmentation process that resulted in the dynastic triumvirate military conflict of the Bagrationi monarchs and war of succession in the united Kingdom of Georgia culminating during the second half of the 15th century. The fragmentation of the unified realm started in the 13th century during the Mongol invasions that resulted in the establishment of ''de facto'' independent Kingdom of Western Georgia led by King David VI Narin and his successors, even though several reunifications would take place that will bring back monarchy united in fold. Nevertheless, the reunification came up to be ephemeral as the fragmentation would escalate through dynastic triarchy. Championed under the reign of King George VIII, it continued under Bagrat VI and Constantine II and included the entire country, with clashes all around the realm. The dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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