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Afsar Massacre
The Afsar massacre was a mass shooting that killed 12 people in the Indian village of Afsar, in 2000. The massacre was the result of caste wars of Bihar, which originate from clashes between upper-caste, who were supporters of the existing status quo, and the lower castes, who wanted to change the current system. According to the data by the "South Asia terrorism portal", the victims of these caste wars were most often Dalits, followed by Forward Castes, while Upper Backwards were victims less frequently than any other group. Trigger The massacre was a vendetta killing undertaken by members of the Kurmi caste against the Bhumihars. Ten days before the massacre, the Bhumihars of Afsar village in central Bihar were involved in killing of eight people from the backward castes. Of these eight people, three belonged to the Kurmi caste, who retaliated by killing twelve members of the Bhumihar community. Over 50 armed men dressed in paramilitary uniforms entered after midnight and o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nawada
Nawada is a city and a municipality in Bihar, India. It is also the headquarters of the Nawada district. It is the headquarters of the subdivision of the same name, lying on both sides of the Khuri River( also known as Sakri river in some parts) at 24º 53’ N and 85º 33’ E. The name evolved from Nau-wada, meaning the new town. On 26 January 1973, Nawada was formed as a separate district from Gaya. History Nawada is a part of the ancient Magadh division of south Bihar. The origin of the name Nawada is from Sanskrit Nava Avad, which means "new town" which was earlier known as ‘The Eliot Market (Bazaar)’. Before its acquisition by the East India Company, Nawada was ruled by the nearly independent Rajas of Hisua who ruled over the Muslim Mayi clan. After its acquisition, Nawada was in great disorder until 1845, when it became the headquarters of the newly created subdivision. The elements of disorder resurfaced again during the Mutiny of 1857, when Nawada was over run by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lalu Prasad Yadav
Lalu Prasad Yadav (born 11 June 1948) is an Indian politician and president of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD). He is a former List of Chief Ministers of Bihar, Chief Minister of Bihar (1990-1997), a former Ministry of Railways (India), Railway Minister of India (2004-2009), and a former Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, Member of Parliament (MP) of the Lok Sabha. He entered politics at Patna University as a student leader and in 1977 at the age of 29, was elected as the youngest member of the Lok Sabha for the Janata Party. He became the Chief Minister of Bihar in 1990. His party came to power in 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election in partnership with Nitish Kumar of Janata Dal (United), JD(U). This coalition ended when Nitish resigned and RJD was ousted, becoming the opposition party. In 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, RJD remained the single largest party in Bihar, and along with JDU is in power, currently heading the government. Lalu Yadav was convicted in the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Indian Express
''The Indian Express'' is an English-language Indian daily newspaper founded in 1932. It is published in Mumbai by the Indian Express Group. In 1999, eight years after the group's founder Ramnath Goenka's death in 1991, the group was split between the family members. The southern editions took the name ''The New Indian Express'', while the northern editions, based in Mumbai, retained the original ''Indian Express'' name with ''"The"'' prefixed to the title. History In 1932, the ''Indian Express'' was started by an Ayurvedic doctor, P. Varadarajulu Naidu, at Chennai, being published by his "Tamil Nadu" press. Soon under financial difficulties, he sold the newspaper to Swaminathan Sadanand, the founder of ''The Free Press Journal'', a national news agency. In 1933, the ''Indian Express'' opened its second office in Madurai, launching the Tamil edition, '' Dinamani''. Sadanand introduced several innovations and reduced the price of the newspaper. Faced with financial difficultie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Express
''The Indian Express'' is an English-language Indian daily newspaper founded in 1932. It is published in Mumbai by the Indian Express Group. In 1999, eight years after the group's founder Ramnath Goenka's death in 1991, the group was split between the family members. The southern editions took the name ''The New Indian Express'', while the northern editions, based in Mumbai, retained the original ''Indian Express'' name with ''"The"'' prefixed to the title. History In 1932, the ''Indian Express'' was started by an Ayurvedic doctor, P. Varadarajulu Naidu, at Chennai, being published by his "Tamil Nadu" press. Soon under financial difficulties, he sold the newspaper to Swaminathan Sadanand, the founder of ''The Free Press Journal'', a national news agency. In 1933, the ''Indian Express'' opened its second office in Madurai, launching the Tamil edition, '' Dinamani''. Sadanand introduced several innovations and reduced the price of the newspaper. Faced with financial difficultie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brahmeshwar Singh
Brahmeshwar Singh (13 March 1947– 1 June 2012) also known as Brahmeshwar Mukhiya or Mukhiyaji, was head of the upper-caste militia Ranvir Sena in Bihar, India. On 1 June 2012, he was killed by unidentified gunmen. Ranvir Sena, arrest, and acquittal Brahmeshwar Singh Mukhiya was born in a Bhumihar family and later on became the leader of the Ranvir Sena soon after it was formed in 1994. Singh was suspected of involvement in the killings of hundreds of naxalites who recruited people from poor and Dalit background. In 2002, Singh was arrested on "carnage" charges, for which he faced the possibility of life imprisonment. He spent nine years in jail awaiting trial and was released on bail and then later acquitted for insufficient evidence. Politics On 5 May 2012, Singh founded the Akhil Bharatiya Rashtravadi Kisan Sangathan, an organization that Singh said would assist farmers and other manual labourers. Death On 1 June 2012, Singh was on a morning walk near his home in Arrah, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Tribune
''The Tribune'' or ''Tribune'' is the name of various newspapers: United States Daily California *''Oakland Tribune'' * ''The Tribune'' (San Luis Obispo) *'' San Gabriel Valley Tribune'' Indiana *''Kokomo Tribune'' *'' Peru Tribune'' * ''The Tribune'' (Seymour) *''South Bend Tribune'' *''News and Tribune'', New Albany, formerly called ''The Tribune'' Iowa *''Ames Tribune'' *''Des Moines Tribune'' Ohio *''Coshocton Tribune'' *''Ironton Tribune'' Pennsylvania *''The Meadville Tribune'' *''Philadelphia Tribune'' Other *''The Albuquerque Tribune'', New Mexico *'' Bismarck Tribune'', North Dakota *''Chicago Tribune'', Illinois *'' Columbia Daily Tribune'', Missouri, also called the ''Tribune'' *''Grand Haven Tribune'', Michigan *'' Great Bend Tribune'', Kansas *''Great Falls Tribune'', Montana *''Greeley Tribune'', Colorado *''Hastings Tribune'', Nebraska *''La Crosse Tribune'', Wisconsin *''The Salt Lake Tribune'', Utah *''The Tampa Tribune'', Florida *''Casper Tribune'', Wyoming * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maoist Communist Centre
The Maoist Communist Centre (MCC) was one of the largest two armed Maoist groups in India, and fused with the other, the People's War Group in September 2004, to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist). Dakshin Desh When the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) was founded in 1969, rallying various Maoist tendencies into a unified organisation, some groups retained a separate identity and remained outside of CPI(ML). One such group was nicknamed ''Dakshin Desh'', after the name of its publication. The group had begun publishing ''Dakshin Desh'' in along Maoist lines. The group was joined by a sector of trade union activists. ''Dakshin Desh'' is Hindi for 'Southern Land' (implied in this naming was that India was the 'Southern land' whereas China was the corresponding 'Northern land'). Amulaya Sen and Kanai Chatterjee were the leading figures of the ''Dakshin Desh''-group. In difference to CPI(ML), whose policies of armed struggle bordered individual terrorism, the ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashtriya Janata Dal
The Rashtriya Janata Dal ( RJD; translation: ''National People's Party'') is an Indian political party, based in the states of Bihar, Jharkhand and Kerala. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav. The party's support base has traditionally been Other Backward Classes, Dalits and Muslims and it is considered a political champion of the lower castes. In 2008, RJD received the status of recognized national level party following its performance in north-eastern states. RJD was derecognised as a national party on 30 July 2010. Leading the Mahagathbandhan government with over 165 MLAs, it is currently the single largest political party in Bihar and currently the ruling party in Bihar, with the party's youth leader Tejashwi Yadav as Deputy Chief Minister. RJD is also part of Ruling Government in Jharkhand and Kerala with its allies Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand) and Left Democratic Front. History Formation On 5 July 1997, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Raghuvansh Prasad Singh, Mohamma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranvir Sena
The Ranvir Sena is a militia functioning as a landlord group, mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The group was formed by Bhumihar landlords in 1994, with the aim to counter the influence of various left-wing militants, Naxalite groups and the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation in central Bihar. The Ranvir Sena has been connected to a number of massacres including the massacre at Laxmanpur Bathe. It has, on several occasions, been accused of human rights abuses. The Bihar state government banned the Ranvir Sena in July 1995, but the group continue to remain active. The group has frequently publicly claimed responsibility for its crimes with impunity. History According to Professor Ashwani Kumar, the "origin of the Ranvir Sena is shrouded in mystery... utit is fair to assume that the Bhumihars in Belaur village in Bhojpur district" in 1994. The name ''Ranvir'' comes from Ranvir Baba, an iconic local hero of the Bhumihar caste and ''Sena'' is a Hin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rediff
Rediff.com (stylized as ''rediff.com'') is an Indian news, information, entertainment and shopping web portal. It was founded in 1996. It is headquartered in Mumbai, with offices in Bangalore, New Delhi and New York City. , it had more than 300 employees. It is one of the earliest web portals and email providers in India. When its founder Ajit Balakrishnan launched Rediff on the NeT, the internet was barely five months old in the country, and had a total of about 18,000 users. History The Rediff.com domain was registered in India in 1996. Early products included the email service Rediffmail and Rediff Shopping, an online marketplace selling electronics and peripherals. In 2001, Rediff.com was alleged to be in violation of the Securities Act of 1933 for filing a materially false prospectus in relation to an IPO of its American depositary shares. The case was resolved by settlement in 2009. In April 2001, Rediff.com acquired the ''India Abroad ''India Abroad'' is a weekly new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koeri
The Koeri (spelt as Koiry or Koiri) and also referred to as Kushwaha and Maurya in several parts of North India are an Indian non-elite caste, found largely in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, whose traditional occupation was agriculture. According to Arvind Narayan Das they were horticulturist rather than agriculturists. Additionally, many of the Koeris of Uttar Pradesh have taken to the occupation of weaving along with members of the Mallah caste and produce cloth for local use. Koeris have attempted Sanskritisation— as part of social resurgence. During the British rule in India, Koeris were described as "agriculturalists" along with Kurmis and other cultivating castes. The Colonial Era writers had also praised them for being quiet, industrious and skilled cultivators. Before the land reforms, Koeris had been mostly poor peasants but after the new policies of the Indian government including the land ceiling laws and communist pressure in the 1970s, upper caste landlords reso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samata Party
The Samata Party (SAP) is a political party in India, initially formed in 1994 by George Fernandes and Nitish Kumar, now led by Uday Mandal its National President. Samata Party once launched Nitish Kumar as the Chief Minister of Bihar. It was an offshoot of the Janata Dal, with the alleged casteism of the parent party being the reason given for the split. The party has socialist leanings, and at one point wielded considerable political and social influence in North India, particularly in Bihar. In 2003 most Samata Party members joined Janata Dal (United). Only a faction led by MP Brahmanand Mandal remained in the Samata party and continued to use the party name and symbols. History In the general elections of 1996, the Samata Party formed an alliance with the Bharatiya Janta Party and won eight seats, six of which were in Bihar and one each in Uttar Pradesh and Odisha. Before the election, the party was largely rooted only in Bihar. In the 1998 general elections, again in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
