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Acidovorax Facilis
''Acidovorax facilis'' is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacterium used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Description Members of ''A. facilis'' are generally 1.0-5.0 μm long and 0.2-0.7 μm wide. Under a microscope, they appear as straight to slightly curved rods that occurs singly or in short chains. ''A. facilis'' are motile via a single flagellum at one end of the bacterium. They are negative by Gram stain and positive by the oxidase test. When grown on nutrient agar, they form unpigmented colonies. They grow in the presence of oxygen. Uses ''A. facilis'' has been used in agriculture and horticulture as a soil additive to improve plant growth. Additionally, a nitrilase enzyme from ''A. facilis'' has been engineered into '' E. coli'' for the commercial production of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid. History ''A. facilis'' was originally isolated from lawn soil in the United States by Albert Schatz and Carlton Bovell in 1950 and named ''Hydrogenomas f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soil Inoculant
Microbial inoculants also known as soil inoculants or bioinoculants are agricultural amendments that use beneficial rhizosphericic or endophytic microbes to promote plant health. Many of the microbes involved form symbiotic relationships with the target crops where both parties benefit ( mutualism). While microbial inoculants are applied to improve plant nutrition, they can also be used to promote plant growth by stimulating plant hormone production. Although bacterial and fungal inoculants are common, inoculation with archaea to promote plant growth is being increasingly studied. Research into the benefits of inoculants in agriculture extends beyond their capacity as biofertilizers. Microbial inoculants can induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR) of crop species to several common crop diseases (provides resistance against pathogens). So far SAR has been demonstrated for powdery mildew ( ''Blumeria graminis'' f. sp. ''hordei'', Heitefuss, 2001), take-all ( ''Gaeumannomyces grami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acidovorax
''Acidovorax'' is a genus of within the family Comamonadaceae. The genus contains some plant pathogens, such as ''Acidovorax avenae,'' which causes bacterial fruit blotch Bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) affects cucurbit plants around the world and can be a serious threat to farmers because it spreads through contaminated seed. BFB is the result of an infection by Gram-negative '' Acidovorax citrulli'' bacteria, which ... on cucurbit crops.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. Other ''Acidovorax'' sp. perform Fe(II) oxidation in anaerobic environments, forming iron minerals in the soil. References External links''Acidovorax''LPSN List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature Comamonadaceae Bacteria genera {{betaproteobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcaligenes
''Alcaligenes'' is a genus of Gram-negative, Aerobic organism, aerobic, Bacillus (shape), rod-shaped bacteria. The species are motile with amphitrichous flagella and rarely nonmotile. It is a genus of Non-fermenter, non-fermenting bacteria (in the family Alcaligenaceae). Additionally, some strains of ''Alcaligenes'' are capable of anaerobic respiration, but they must be in the presence of nitrate or nitrite; otherwise, their metabolism is respiratory and never fermentative; The genus does not use Carbohydrate, carbohydrates. Strains of ''Alcaligene''s (such as ''A. faecalis'') are found mostly in the Gastrointestinal tract, intestinal tracts of Vertebrate, vertebrates, decaying materials, dairy products, water, and soil; they can be isolated from human respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and wounds in hospitalized patients with compromised immune systems. They are occasionally the cause of opportunistic infections, including Sepsis, nosocomial sepsis. ''Alcaligenes faecalis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudomonas Delafieldii
''Acidovorax delafieldii'' is a Gram-negative soil bacterium. It belongs to Comamonadaceae The Comamonadaceae are a family of the Betaproteobacteria.Willems A., J. De Ley, M. Gillis, and K. Kersters. ''Comamonadaceae, a New Family Encompassing the Acidovorans rRNA Complex, Including Variovorax paradoxus gen. nov.,comb. nov. for Alcali .... References External linksType strain of ''Acidovorax delafieldii'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Comamonadaceae Bacteria described in 1990 {{betaproteobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudomonas
''Pseudomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative, Gammaproteobacteria, belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae and containing 191 described species. The members of the genus demonstrate a great deal of metabolic diversity and consequently are able to colonize a wide range of niches. Their ease of culture ''in vitro'' and availability of an increasing number of ''Pseudomonas'' strain genome sequences has made the genus an excellent focus for scientific research; the best studied species include ''P. aeruginosa'' in its role as an opportunistic human pathogen, the plant pathogen '' P. syringae'', the soil bacterium '' P. putida'', and the plant growth-promoting ''P. fluorescens, P. lini, P. migulae'', and ''P. graminis''. Because of their widespread occurrence in water and plant seeds such as dicots, the pseudomonads were observed early in the history of microbiology. The generic name ''Pseudomonas'' created for these organisms was defined in rather vague terms by Walter Migula i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogenomonas
''Acidovorax facilis'' is an aerobic, chemoorganotrophic bacterium used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture. Description Members of ''A. facilis'' are generally 1.0-5.0 μm long and 0.2-0.7 μm wide. Under a microscope, they appear as straight to slightly curved rods that occurs singly or in short chains. ''A. facilis'' are motile via a single flagellum at one end of the bacterium. They are negative by Gram stain and positive by the oxidase test. When grown on nutrient agar, they form unpigmented colonies. They grow in the presence of oxygen. Uses ''A. facilis'' has been used in agriculture and horticulture as a soil additive to improve plant growth. Additionally, a nitrilase enzyme from ''A. facilis'' has been engineered into ''E. coli'' for the commercial production of 3-hydroxyvaleric acid. History ''A. facilis'' was originally isolated from lawn soil in the United States by Albert Schatz and Carlton Bovell in 1950 and named ''Hydrogenomas fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlton Bovell
Carlton may refer to: People * Carlton (name), a list of those with the given name or surname * Carlton (singer), English soul singer Carlton McCarthy * Carlton, a pen name used by Joseph Caldwell (1773–1835), American educator, Presbyterian minister, mathematician and astronomer Places Australia * Carlton, New South Wales, a suburb of Sydney * Carlton, Tasmania, a locality in Tasmania * Carlton, Victoria, a suburb of Melbourne Canada * Carlton, Edmonton, Alberta, a neighbourhood * Carlton, Saskatchewan, a hamlet * Fort Carlton, a Hudson's Bay Company fur trading post built in 1810, near present-day Carlton, Saskatchewan * Carlton Trail, a historic trail near Fort Carlton * Carlton Street, Toronto, Ontario England * Carlton, Bedfordshire, a village * Carlton, Cambridgeshire, a village * Carlton, County Durham, a village and civil parish * Carlton, Leicestershire, a village * Carlton, Nottinghamshire, a suburb to the east of Nottingham ** The Carlton Academy ** Carl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Schatz (scientist)
Albert Israel Schatz (2 February 1920 – 17 January 2005) was an American microbiologist and academic who discovered streptomycin, the first antibiotic known to be effective for the treatment of tuberculosis. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1942 with a bachelor's degree in soil microbiology, and received his doctorate from Rutgers in 1945. His PhD research led directly to the discovery of streptomycin. Born to a family of farmers, Schatz was inspired to study soil science for its potential applicability to take up his family occupation. Topping his class at Rutgers in 1942, he immediately worked under Selman Waksman, then head of the Department of Soil Microbiology, but was drafted to the US Army to serve in the World War II. After a back injury led to his discharge from the army, he rejoined Waksman in 1943 as a PhD student. Working in isolation from others due to his use of the dreaded tuberculosis bacterium ('' Mycobacterium tuberculosis''), he discovered a new antib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3-hydroxy Valeric Acid
3-Hydroxypentanoic acid, or beta-hydroxypentanoate, is the organic compound with the formula . It is one of the hydroxypentanoic acids. It is made from odd carbon fatty acids in the liver and rapidly enters the brain. As opposed to 4-carbon ketone bodies, 3-hydroxypentanoic acid is anaplerotic, meaning it can refill the pool of TCA cycle intermediates. The triglyceride triheptanoin Triheptanoin, sold under the brand name Dojolvi, is a medication for the treatment of children and adults with molecularly confirmed long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD). The most common adverse reactions include abdominal pain, d ... is used clinically to produce beta-hydroxypentanoate.Reprint/ref> References {{DEFAULTSORT:Hydroxypentanoic acid, 3- Beta hydroxy acids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Escherichia Coli
''Escherichia coli'' (),Wells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow ngland Pearson Education Ltd. also known as ''E. coli'' (), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus ''Escherichia'' that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. Most ''E. coli'' strains are harmless, but some serotypes ( EPEC, ETEC etc.) can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. Most strains do not cause disease in humans and are part of the normal microbiota of the gut; such strains are harmless or even beneficial to humans (although these strains tend to be less studied than the pathogenic ones). For example, some strains of ''E. coli'' benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2 or by preventing the colonization of the intestine by pathogenic bacteria. These mutually beneficial relationships between ''E. col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrilase
Nitrilase enzymes (nitrile aminohydrolase; ) catalyse the hydrolysis of nitriles to carboxylic acids and ammonia, without the formation of "free" amide intermediates. Nitrilases are involved in natural product biosynthesis and post translational modifications in plants, animals, fungi and certain prokaryotes. Nitrilases can also be used as catalysts in preparative organic chemistry. Among others, nitrilases have been used for the resolution of racemic mixtures. Nitrilase should not be confused with nitrile hydratase (nitrile hydro-lyase; ) which hydrolyses nitriles to amides. Nitrile hydratases are almost invariably co-expressed with an amidase, which converts the amide to the carboxylic acid. Consequently, it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish nitrilase activity from nitrile hydratase plus amidase activity. Mechanism Nitrilase was first discovered in the early 1960s for its ability to catalyze the hydration of a nitrile to a carboxylic acid. Although it was known at the ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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