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Abatement (other)
Abatement refers generally to a lessening, diminution, reduction, or moderation; specifically, it may refer to: * 421-a tax abatement, property tax exemption in the U.S. state of New York * Abatement of debts and legacies, a common law doctrine of wills * Abatement in pleading, a legal defense to civil and criminal actions * Abatement (heraldry), a modification of the shield or coat of arms imposed by authority for misconduct * Asbestos abatement, removal of asbestos from structures * Bird abatement, driving or removing undesired birds from an area * Dust abatement, the process of inhibiting the creation of excess soil dust * Graffiti abatement, a joint effort between groups to eliminate graffiti * Marginal abatement cost, the marginal cost of reducing pollution * Noise abatement, strategies to reduce noise pollution or its impact * Nuisance abatement, regulatory compliance methodology * Tax abatement A tax holiday is a temporary reduction or elimination of a tax. It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
421-a Tax Abatement
The 421-a tax exemption is a property tax exemption in the U.S. state of New York that is given to real-estate developers for building new multifamily residential housing buildings in New York City. As currently written, the program also focuses on promoting affordable housing in the most densely populated areas of New York City. The exemption is granted for any buildings that add multiple new residential units, and typically lasts for 15 to 25 years after the building is completed. Longer exemption periods apply in less densely populated areas of the outer boroughs and upper Manhattan. The original program gets its name from section 421-a in the New York Real Property Tax Law. The 421-a program began in 1971, and the state government later added provisions to mandate the creation of affordable housing units in order for developers to qualify for the program. Under the original program, areas in which developers qualified for the tax break included all of Manhattan and portions o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abatement Of Debts And Legacies
Abatement of debts and legacies is a common law doctrine of wills that holds that when the equitable assets of a deceased person are not sufficient to satisfy fully all the creditors, their debts must abate proportionately, and they must accept a dividend. Also, in the case of legacies when the funds or assets out of which they are payable are not sufficient to pay them in full, the legacies abate in proportion, unless there is a priority given specially to any particular legacy. Annuities are also subject to the same rule as general legacies. The order of abatement is usually: # Intestate property # The residuary of the estate # General Devises—''i.e.'', cash gifts # Demonstrative Devises—''i.e.'', cash gifts from a specific account, stocks, bonds, securities, etc. # Specific Devises—''i.e.'', specified items of personal property, real property, etc. Non-probate property—''i.e.'', life insurance policies—do not abate. Definitions A specific devise, is a specific gif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abatement In Pleading
At common law an abatement in pleading or plea in abatement, was a defence to legal proceedings, which did not contest the principle of the plaintiff A plaintiff ( Π in legal shorthand) is the party who initiates a lawsuit (also known as an ''action'') before a court. By doing so, the plaintiff seeks a legal remedy. If this search is successful, the court will issue judgment in favor of t ...'s right to relief, but contended that the plaintiff had made a procedural error, and needed to bring fresh proceedings, which followed the correct procedure. The objection could deal with (among others) place, time, or method of assertion. The plea in abatement was abolished as a particular form of response by the defendant when common-law pleading was replaced by Code Pleading and later by pleading rules, such as the federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Successful assertion of pleas in abatement merely pause proceedings until the problem is remedied. There were two fundamental styles of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abatement (heraldry)
An abatement (or rebatement) is a modification of a coat of arms, representing a less-than honorable augmentation, imposed by an heraldic authority (such as the Court of Chivalry in England) or by royal decree for misconduct. The practice of inverting the entire escutcheon of an armiger found guilty of high treason has been attested since the Middle Ages and is generally accepted as reliable, and medieval heraldic sources cite at least one instance of removing an honourable charge from a coat of arms by royal decree as an abatement of honour. Other abatements of honour implied by the addition of dishonourable stains and charges, appearing in late 16th-century texts, have never been reliably attested in actual practice. Additionally, as many heraldic writers note, the use of arms is not compulsory, so armigers are more likely to relinquish a dishonored coat of arms than to advertise their dishonor. Inverted arms The earliest mention in heraldic writing of a dishonorable displa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asbestos Abatement
In construction, asbestos abatement is a set of procedures designed to control the release of asbestos fibers from asbestos-containing materials. Asbestos abatement is utilized during general construction in areas containing asbestos materials, particularly when those materials are being removed, encapsulated, or repaired. Abatement is needed in order to protect construction workers and members of the general public from the many negative health impacts of asbestos. Many residential and commercial buildings contain asbestos, used in spray-applied flame retardant, thermal system insulation, and in a variety of other materials. Asbestos can be flocked above false ceilings, inside technical ducts, and in many other small spaces where firefighters would have difficulty gaining access. Although asbestos is primarily associated with older buildings in many parts of the world, as asbestos bans have been in place in various countries since 1972, 2 million tons of asbestos were still c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bird Abatement
Bird control or bird abatement involves the methods to eliminate or deter pest birds from landing, roosting and nesting. Bird control is important because pest birds can create health-related problems through their feces, including histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and psittacosis. Bird droppings may also cause damage to property and equipment. Birds also frequently steal from crops and fruit orchards. Methods of bird control include physical deterrents, visual deterrents, multi-sensory deterrents, sonic devices, trained birds of prey ( falconry), chemicals, contraceptives and active barriers, among others. Birds usually adapt quickly to most static bird control devices because the birds adapt after exposure to false threats. The avian control devices that are most effective either physically "block" the birds or "actively modify behavior" using a mild harmless shock. Bird control is frequently used for birds considered pests, such as feral pigeons, common starlings, house spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dust Abatement
Dust abatement refers to the process of inhibiting the creation of excess soil dust, a pollutant that contributes to excess levels of particulate matter. Frequently employed by local governments of arid climates such as those in the Southwest United States, dust abatement procedures may also be required in private construction as a condition of obtaining a building permit. Dust control is most commonly used in vineyards, orchards and logging roads. Dust abatement methods generally fall into four categories. The first two are petroleum-based products, such as emulsified asphalts, but they are considered environmentally hazardous, according to the report. The third category includes such non-petroleum products as lignosulfates, which are a byproduct of the wood pulping industry, but they tend to leach and run off during heavy rains, giving off odors and staining soil. Magnesium Chloride, a by product salt production, is a certified organic product that is the most environmentally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graffiti Abatement
Graffiti abatement is a joint effort between a given community; its public works division; police department; community development; and parks, recreation, and community services to eliminate graffiti vandalism. In an effective graffiti abatement program, hot spots – areas frequently targeted by graffiti vandals – are checked regularly, with the overall goal of removing graffiti as soon as possible. The reasoning given is, that graffiti is an expensive burden for a community, as it lowers property values, generates repair costs and can incite additional criminal activity., also summarized in Young Offender Graffiti Abatement Programs Young offender graffiti abatement programs have been growing in popularity throughout Europe and Australia as an effective method to reduce local government costs while allowing young offenders to perform community service under supervision of welfare officers. Safe graffiti removal programs are developed in conjunction with government and graffi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noise Abatement
Noise control or noise mitigation is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution or to reduce the impact of that noise, whether outdoors or indoors. Overview The main areas of noise mitigation or abatement are: transportation noise control, architectural design, urban planning through zoning codes, and occupational noise control. Roadway noise and aircraft noise are the most pervasive sources oenvironmental noise Social activities may generate noise levels that consistently affect the health of populations residing in or occupying areas, both indoor and outdoor, near entertainment venues that feature amplified sounds and music that present significant challenges for effective noise mitigation strategies. Multiple techniques have been developed to address interior sound levels, many of which are encouraged by local building codes. In the best case of project designs, planners are encouraged to work with design engineers to examine trade-offs of roadway design and architectur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuisance Abatement
Nuisance abatement is a growing area within policing and code enforcement. The term refers to using building codes, fire codes, zoning, etc. in order to improve the quality of life and resolve life safety issues within neighborhoods. Nuisance abatement programs are most often a component of problem oriented or community policing programs. In most Canadian jurisdictions, bylaw enforcement officers handle nuisance abatement. In England and Wales, "abatement of nuisance" is a legal self-help procedure whereby any victim of a private nuisance may take steps (without seeking the court's approval) to deal with the problem. Communities Nuisance Abatement programs exists in a number of communities and are organized at the city, county and state levels. Albuquerque, New Mexico The City of Albuquerque features a task force of members drawn from various city agencies known as the Safe City Strike Force. The Albuquerque program's goals include enforcement of City codes and ordinances; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tax Abatement
A tax holiday is a temporary reduction or elimination of a tax. It is synonymous with tax abatement, tax subsidy or tax reduction. Governments usually create tax holidays as incentives for business investment. Tax relief can be provided in the form of property tax concessions to assure the investment of new businesses or the retention of existing ones. Tax holidays have been granted by governments at national, sub-national, and local levels, and have included income, property, sales, VAT, and other taxes. Some tax holidays are extra-statutory concessions, where governing bodies grant a reduction in tax that is not necessarily authorized within the law. In developing countries, governments sometimes reduce or eliminate corporate taxes for the purpose of attracting foreign direct investment or stimulating growth in selected industries. A tax holiday may be granted to particular activities, in particular to develop a given area of business, or to particular taxpayers. Research ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
