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ATC Code A08
A08A Antiobesity preparations, excluding diet products A08AA Centrally acting antiobesity products :A08AA01 Phentermine :A08AA02 Fenfluramine :A08AA03 Amfepramone :A08AA04 Dexfenfluramine :A08AA05 Mazindol :A08AA06 Etilamfetamine :A08AA07 Cathine :A08AA08 Clobenzorex :A08AA09 Mefenorex :A08AA10 Sibutramine :A08AA11 Lorcaserin :A08AA12 Setmelanotide :A08AA51 Phentermine and topiramate :A08AA56 Ephedrine, combinations :A08AA62 Bupropion and naltrexone A08AB Peripherally acting antiobesity products :A08AB01 Orlistat :QA08AB90 Mitratapide :QA08AB91 Dirlotapide A08AX Other antiobesity drugs :A08AX01 Rimonabant Rimonabant (also known as SR141716; trade names Acomplia, Zimulti) is an anorectic antiobesity drug that was first approved in Europe in 2006 but was withdrawn worldwide in 2008 due to serious psychiatric side effects; it was never approved in t ... See also *Diet products are in the ATC group V06A. References {{Antiobesity preparations A08 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it may negatively affect health. People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's weight divided by the square of the person's height—is over ; the range is defined as overweight. Some East Asian countries use lower values to calculate obesity. Obesity is a major cause of disability and is correlated with various diseases and conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. Obesity has individual, socioeconomic, and environmental causes. Some known causes are diet, physical activity, automation, urbanization, genetic susceptibility, medications, mental disorders, economic policies, endocrine disorders, and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. While a majority of obese individuals at any given time are attempting to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lorcaserin
Lorcaserin, marketed under the brand name Belviq was a weight-loss drug developed by Arena Pharmaceuticals. It reduces appetite by activating a type of serotonin receptor known as the 5-HT2C receptor in a region of the brain called the hypothalamus, which is known to control appetite. It was approved in 2012, and in 2020, it was removed from the market in the United States due to an increased risk of cancer detected in users of Belviq. Medical uses Lorcaserin was used long term for weight loss in those who are obese. Side effects In December 2012, the US Drug Enforcement Administration proposed classifying lorcaserin as a Schedule IV drug because it has hallucinogenic properties at higher than approved doses and users could develop psychiatric dependencies on the drug. On 7 May 2013, the US Drug Enforcement Administration classified lorcaserin as a Schedule IV drug under the Controlled Substances Act. There had been concern that lorcaserin could cause cardiac valvulopat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rimonabant
Rimonabant (also known as SR141716; trade names Acomplia, Zimulti) is an anorectic antiobesity drug that was first approved in Europe in 2006 but was withdrawn worldwide in 2008 due to serious psychiatric side effects; it was never approved in the United States. Rimonabant is an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB1 and was the first drug approved in that class. History Rimonabant is a selective CB1 receptor blocker and was discovered and developed by Sanofi-Aventis; On 21 June 2006, the European Commission approved the sale of rimonabant in the then-25-member European Union as a prescription drug for use in conjunction with diet and exercise for patients with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2, or patients with a BMI greater than 27 kg/m2 with associated risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes or dyslipidaemia. FroEMA index page/ref> It was first in its class to be approved anywhere in the world. Rimonabant was submitted to the Food and Dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirlotapide
Dirlotapide is a drug used to treat obesity in dogs. It is manufactured by Pfizer and Zoetis and marketed under the brand name Slentrol. It works as a gut-selective microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP or MTP) inhibitor. This blocks the assembly and release of lipoproteins into the bloodstream, thereby reducing fat absorption. It also elicits a satiety signal from lipid-filled cells lining the intestine. Usage It is supplied as an oral solution. It is not intended for use in humans, cats, birds, rodents, or other animals. Dirlotapide is used to manage obesity in dogs and helps by reducing appetite. It is used as part of an overall weight control program that also includes proper diet and exercise, under the supervision of a veterinarian. Side effects may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, drooling, or uncoordination. Allergic reaction to the medication may include, facial swelling, hives, scratching, sudden onset of diarrhea, vomiting, shock, seizures, pale gum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitratapide
Mitratapide is a veterinary drug for the treatment of overweight and obese dogs sold under the brand name Yarvitan. Its mechanism of action involves inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) which is responsible for the absorption of dietary lipids. Clinical study also suggests that mitratapide may help to reverse insulin resistance in dogs. The drug was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica and is chemically related to the antifungal drugs such as itraconazole Itraconazole, sometimes abbreviated ITZ, is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of fungal infections. This includes aspergillosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. It may be given by mo ... which were also developed by Janssen. Mitratapide (under the brand name Yarvitan) was authorized for use in the EU by the European Medicines Agency for helping weight loss in dogs, but it has since been withdrawn from the market in the EU. See also * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orlistat
Orlistat, sold under the brand name Xenical among others, is a medication used to treat obesity. Its primary function is preventing the absorption of fats from the human diet by acting as a lipase inhibitor, thereby reducing caloric intake. It is intended for use in conjunction with a healthcare provider-supervised reduced-calorie diet. Orlistat is the saturated derivative of lipstatin, a potent natural inhibitor of pancreatic lipases isolated from the bacterium ''Streptomyces toxytricini''. However, due to its relative simplicity and stability, orlistat was chosen over lipstatin for development as an anti-obesity drug. The effectiveness of orlistat in promoting weight loss is definite but modest. Pooled data from clinical trials suggest that people given orlistat in addition to lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, lose about more than those not taking the drug over the course of a year. Orlistat also modestly reduces blood pressure and appears to prevent the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peripheral Nervous System
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system (CNS). The PNS consists of nerves and ganglia, which lie outside the brain and the spinal cord. The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs, essentially serving as a relay between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body. Unlike the CNS, the PNS is not protected by the vertebral column and skull, or by the blood–brain barrier, which leaves it exposed to toxins. The peripheral nervous system can be divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, the cranial nerves are part of the PNS with the exception of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II), along with the retina. The second cranial nerve is not a true peripheral nerve but a tract of the diencephalon. Cranial nerve ganglia, as with all ganglia, are part of the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naltrexone/bupropion
Naltrexone/bupropion, sold under the brand name Contrave among others, is a fixed-dose combination medication for the management of chronic obesity in adults in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. It contains naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, and bupropion, an aminoketone antidepressant. It is taken Oral administration, by mouth. Both medications have individually shown some evidence of effectiveness in weight loss, and the combination has been shown to have some synergistic effects on weight. In September 2014, a sustained release formulation of the drug was approved for marketing in the United States under the brand name Contrave. The combination was subsequently approved in the European Union in the spring of 2015, where it is sold under the name Mysimba. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. It was approved in Canada under the Contrave brand na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ephedrine
Ephedrine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is often used to prevent low blood pressure during anesthesia. It has also been used for asthma, narcolepsy, and obesity but is not the preferred treatment. It is of unclear benefit in nasal congestion. It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a muscle, vein, or just under the skin. Onset with intravenous use is fast, while injection into a muscle can take 20 minutes, and by mouth can take an hour for effect. When given by injection it lasts about an hour and when taken by mouth it can last up to four hours. Common side effects include trouble sleeping, anxiety, headache, hallucinations, high blood pressure, fast heart rate, loss of appetite, and inability to urinate. Serious side effects include stroke and heart attack. While likely safe in pregnancy, its use in this population is poorly studied. Use during breastfeeding is not recommended. Ephedrine works by increasing the activity of the α and β adrenergic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phentermine/topiramate
Phentermine/topiramate, sold under the brand name Qsymia, is a combination drug of phentermine and topiramate used to treat obesity. It is used together with dietary changes and exercise. If less than 3% weight loss is seen after 3 months it is recommended the medication be stopped. The weight loss is modest.https://www.qsymia.com/pdf/prescribing-information.pdf Effects on heart related health problems or death is unclear. Common side effects include tingling, dizziness, trouble sleeping, and constipation. Serious side effects may include suicide, abuse. Use is not recommended during pregnancy. Phentermine is a stimulant and appetite suppressant. Topiramate is an anticonvulsant that has weight loss side effects. The exact mechanism of action for both drugs is unknown. Phentermine/topiramate was approved for medical use in the United States in 2012. In October 2012, approval was denied in Europe, due to concerns regarding safety. Medical uses In clinical trials, people treate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Setmelanotide
Setmelanotide, sold under the brand name Imcivree, is a medication used for the treatment of genetic obesity caused by a rare single-gene mutation. The most common side effects include injection site reactions, skin hyperpigmentation (skin patches that are darker than surrounding skin), headache and gastrointestinal side effects (such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain), among others. Spontaneous penile erections in males and adverse sexual reactions in females have occurred with treatment. Depression and suicidal ideation have also occurred with setmelanotide. Setmelanotide was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2020, and in the European Union in July 2021. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. Medical uses Setmelanotide is indicated for chronic weight management (weight loss and weight maintenance for at least one year) in people six years and older with obesity due to three rare genetic condi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sibutramine
Sibutramine, formerly sold under the brand name Meridia among others, is an appetite suppressant which has been discontinued in many countries. It works as a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor similar to a tricyclic antidepressant. Until 2010, it was widely marketed and prescribed as an adjunct in the treatment of obesity along with diet and exercise. It has been associated with increased cardiovascular events and strokes and has been withdrawn from the market in 2010 in several countries and regions including Australia, Canada, China, the European Union, Hong Kong, India, Mexico, New Zealand, the Philippines, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. However, the drug remains available in some countries. Sibutramine was originally developed in 1988 by Boots in Nottingham, UK, and manufactured and marketed by Abbott Laboratories and sold under a variety of brand names including Reductil, Meridia, Siredia, and Sibutrex before its withdrawal 2010 from most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
