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51st Mountain Corps
__NOTOC__The LI Mountain Corps was a German military formation in World War II. History The LI. Gebirgs-Armeekorps was formed on 15 August 1943 at Vienna in Wehrkreis XVII. Its staff came from the LI Army Corps, which had been destroyed in the Battle of Stalingrad. The unit fought in Italy and participated in the Fourth Battle of Monte Cassino (May 1944), on the Trasimene Line (June 1944), on the Gothic Line (August 1944 - March 1945) and in Operation Grapeshot (April 1945). It surrendered at Brescia in May 1945. Commanders * General of Mountain troops Valentin Feurstein (25 August 1943 - January 1945) * General of the Artillery Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck __NOTOC__ Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck (10 January 1897 – 15 April 1979) was a German general during World War II who commanded several corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Biography Under his command, the 305th Inf ... (January 1945 - 8 May 1945) Sources LI. Gebirgs-Armeekorps sur lexi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a dictatorship. Under Hitler's rule, Germany quickly became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the government. The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazi claim that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). The Third Reich, which Hitler and the Nazis referred to as the Thousand-Year Reich, ended in May 1945 after just 12 years when the Allies defeated Germany, ending World War II in Europe. On 30 January 1933, Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany, the head of gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LI Army Corps (Wehrmacht)
LI Army Corps (german: LI. Armeekorps) was an infantry corps of the German Army during World War II that participated in the invasion of Yugoslavia. It was also present at the Battle of Stalingrad, where it was commanded by General Walther von Seydlitz-Kurzbach. After von Seydlitz-Kurzbach instructed his officers on 25 January 1943 that the question of surrender was their personal choice to make, he was relieved of command. After most of the Corps was captured or destroyed at Stalingrad, remnants of it were combined with other units to form the LI Mountain Corps in August 1943, under the command of General Valentin Feurstein. The LI Mountain Corps formed part of German forces in Italy for the remainder of the war, participating in the Battle of Monte Cassino and other German defensive actions. Commanding generals *General der Infanterie Hans-Wolfgang Reinhard, creation – 8 May 1942 *General der Artillerie Walther von Seydlitz-Kurzbach Walther Kurt von Seydlitz-Kurzbach (; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Diadem
Operation Diadem, also referred to as the Fourth Battle of Monte Cassino or, in Canada, the Battle of the Liri Valley, was an offensive operation undertaken by the Allies of World War II (U.S. Fifth Army and British Eighth Army) in May 1944, as part of the Italian Campaign of World War II. ''Diadem'' was supported by air attacks called Operation Strangle. The opposing force was the German 10th Army. The object of ''Diadem'' was to break the German defenses on the Gustav Line (the western half of the Winter Line) and open up the Liri Valley, the main route to Rome. General Sir Harold Alexander, Commander-in-Chief of the Allied Armies in Italy, planned ''Diadem'' to coordinate roughly with the invasion of Normandy, so that German forces would be tied down in Italy, and could not be redeployed to France. Four corps were employed in the attack. From right to left these were the Polish II Corps and the British XIII Corps, of the Eighth Army, and the French Corps (including Morocca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trasimene Line
The Trasimene Line (so-named for Lake Trasimeno, Lake Trasimene, the site of a major battle of the Second Punic War in 217 BC) was a Wehrmacht, German defensive line during the Italian Campaign (World War II), Italian Campaign of World War II. It was sometimes known as the Albert Line. The German Commander-in-chief, Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), ''Generalfeldmarschall'' Albert Kesselring, used the line to delay the Allies of World War II, Allied northward advance in Italy in mid June 1944 to buy time to withdraw troops to the Gothic Line and finalise the preparation of its defenses. Background After the Allied capture of the Italian capital of Rome on 4 June 1944 following the successful Battle of Monte Cassino, breakthrough at Monte Cassino and Operation Shingle, Anzio during Operation Diadem in May 1944, the German 14th Army (Wehrmacht), 14th and 10th Army (Wehrmacht), 10th Armies fell back: the 14th along the Tyrrhenian front and the 10th through central Italy and the Adriatic c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gothic Line
The Gothic Line (german: Gotenstellung; it, Linea Gotica) was a German Defense line, defensive line of the Italian Campaign (World War II), Italian Campaign of World War II. It formed Generalfeldmarschall, Field Marshal Albert Kesselring's last major line of defence along the summits of the northern part of the Apennine Mountains during the fighting retreat of the Wehrmacht, German forces in Italian Social Republic, Italy against the Allied Armies in Italy, commanded by General (United Kingdom), General Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, Sir Harold Alexander. Adolf Hitler had concerns about the state of preparation of the Gothic Line: he feared the Allies would use Amphibious warfare, amphibious landings to flanking maneuver, outflank its defences. To downgrade its importance in the eyes of both friend and foe, he ordered the name, with its historic connotations, changed, reasoning that if the Allies managed to break through they would not be able to use the more i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Operation Grapeshot
The spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War. The attack into the Lombard Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of German forces in Italy. Background The Allies had launched their last big offensive on the Gothic Line in August 1944, with the British Eighth Army (Lieutenant-General Oliver Leese) attacking up the coastal plain of the Adriatic and the U.S. Fifth Army (Lieutenant General Mark Clark) attacking through the central Apennine Mountains. Although they managed to breach the formidable Gothic Line defences, the Allies narrowly failed to break into the Po Valley before the winter weather made further progress impossible. The Allied forward formations spent the rest of the winter in highly inhospitable conditions while preparations were made for a spring offensive in 1945. Command changes Wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brescia
Brescia (, locally ; lmo, link=no, label= Lombard, Brèsa ; lat, Brixia; vec, Bressa) is a city and ''comune'' in the region of Lombardy, Northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Alps, a few kilometers from the lakes Garda and Iseo. With a population of more than 200,000, it is the second largest city in the administrative region and the fourth largest in northwest Italy. The urban area of Brescia extends beyond the administrative city limits and has a population of 672,822, while over 1.5 million people live in its metropolitan area. The city is the administrative capital of the Province of Brescia, one of the largest in Italy, with over 1,200,000 inhabitants. Founded over 3,200 years ago, Brescia (in antiquity Brixia) has been an important regional centre since pre-Roman times. Its old town contains the best-preserved Roman public buildings in northern Italy and numerous monuments, among these the medieval castle, the Old and New cathedral, the Renaissance ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentin Feurstein
Valentin Feurstein (1 January 1885 – 8 June 1970) was an Austrian military officer who served in the Austrian and German armies. Feurstein joined the Austro-Hungarian Army in 1907, he served in World War I and in the Austrian Bundesheer in the 1930s. He was commander of 3rd Division (stationed in St. Pölten). After the ''Anschluss'' and the incorporation of the Bundesheer into it, Feurstein served as a general in the Wehrmacht. He commanded the 2nd Mountain Division during Fall Weiss and during the Norwegian Campaign. In 1941, he was promoted to full general of mountain troops (Gen.d.Geb.Tr.). He also served on the Italian front in 1943. Feurstein was city commander of Bregenz in 1945 and tried to declare Bregenz a non-combat zone. Valentin Feurstein died on 8 June 1970. Awards and decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (german: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes), or simply the Knight's Cross (), and its variants, were the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck
__NOTOC__ Friedrich-Wilhelm Hauck (10 January 1897 – 15 April 1979) was a German general during World War II who commanded several corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Biography Under his command, the 305th Infantry Division may have committed war crimes in Italy, but he was never charged. He was taken prisoner of war during the surrender of Army Group C on 2 May 1945 in Italy. Released from US captivity at the beginning of 1948, he worked for the Evangelical Relief Organization, as Eugen Gerstenmaier's office manager. During 6 years, he wrote on behalf of the United States Army and with the collaboration of six other former German generals, ''"The Operations of the German Army Groups on the Eastern Front 1941–1945, Southern Territory"''. With an assessment by Colonel-General Franz Halder, and a letter of thanks from the Commander-in-Chief of the United States Army in Germany, he transferred the work (16 volumes) to the Federal Archives-Mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountain Corps Of Germany In World War II
A mountain is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust, generally with steep sides that show significant exposed bedrock. Although definitions vary, a mountain may differ from a plateau in having a limited summit area, and is usually higher than a hill, typically rising at least 300 metres (1,000 feet) above the surrounding land. A few mountains are isolated summits, but most occur in mountain ranges. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces, erosion, or volcanism, which act on time scales of up to tens of millions of years. Once mountain building ceases, mountains are slowly leveled through the action of weathering, through slumping and other forms of mass wasting, as well as through erosion by rivers and glaciers. High elevations on mountains produce colder climates than at sea level at similar latitude. These colder climates strongly affect the ecosystems of mountains: different elevations have different plants and animals. Because of the less hospitable terrain and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Established In 1943
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
