|
2019 In Tonga
Events in the year 2019 in Tonga. Incumbents * Monarch: Tupou VI * Prime Minister: ʻAkilisi Pōhiva (until 12 September), Semisi Sika (acting, from 12 September until 8 October), Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa (from 8 October) Events October * Metis Shoal, a volcanic island at the top of a submarine volcano between Kao and Late disappears during an eruption which is first reported on the morning of 14 October. A new and bigger island appears nearby. Deaths *12 September – ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, Prime Minister (b. 1941). Radio New Zealand, 12 September 2019 References {{Oceania topic, 2019 in[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tonga
Tonga (, ; ), officially the Kingdom of Tonga ( to, Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), is a Polynesian country and archipelago. The country has 171 islands – of which 45 are inhabited. Its total surface area is about , scattered over in the southern Pacific Ocean. As of 2021, according to Johnson's Tribune, Tonga has a population of 104,494, 70% of whom reside on the main island, Tongatapu. The country stretches approximately north-south. It is surrounded by Fiji and Wallis and Futuna (France) to the northwest; Samoa to the northeast; New Caledonia (France) and Vanuatu to the west; Niue (the nearest foreign territory) to the east; and Kermadec (New Zealand) to the southwest. Tonga is about from New Zealand's North Island. First inhabited roughly 2,500 years ago by the Lapita civilization, Tonga's Polynesian settlers gradually evolved a distinct and strong ethnic identity, language, and culture as the Tongan people. They were quick to establish a powerful footing acr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monarchs Of Tonga
This is a list of monarchs of Tonga since 1845, after the Constitution of Tonga established the role of the monarch. The first monarch of Tonga was George Tupou I. 2008 cession of powers Three days before his coronation on 1 August 2008, then-King George Tupou V announced that he would relinquish most of his powers and be guided by the Prime Minister of Tonga's recommendations on most matters. Budget allocation to monarchy Annual budget allocation to monarchy is Tongan paʻanga, T$ 4,894,900 ( US$2,116,799). Lists of earlier monarchs of Tonga *Tuʻi Tonga, rulers of Tonga from 950 to 1470. *Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua, rulers of Tonga from 1470 to 1800. *Tuʻi Kanokupolu, rulers of Tonga from 1800 to the present day. George Tupou I, the first king of Tonga, was the 19th Tuʻi Kanokupolu. List of monarchs of Tonga (1845–present) Timeline Royal standards File:Royal Standard of Tonga (1862-1875).svg, Royal standard of Tonga (1862–1875) File:Royal Standard of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupou VI
Tupou VI (; born 12 July 1959) is the King of Tonga. He is the younger brother and successor of the late King George Tupou V. He was officially confirmed by his brother on 27 September 2006 as the heir presumptive to the Throne of Tonga, as his brother (a bachelor) had no legitimate children. He served as Tonga's High Commissioner to Australia, and resided in Canberra until the death of King George Tupou V on 18 March 2012, when ʻAhoʻeitu ʻUnuakiʻotonga Tukuʻaho became King of Tonga, with the regnal name Tupou VI. Life He was born in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga, the third son and youngest child of King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV. He was educated at The Leys School, Cambridge, from 1973 to 1977. He then attended the University of East Anglia, where he read Development Studies, from 1977 to 1980. He started his career in the military, joining the naval arm of the Tonga Defence Services in 1982 and becoming a Lieutenant-Commander in 1987. He graduated from the US Naval War College as par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Tonga
The prime minister of Tonga (historically referred to as the premier) is the country's head of government. Tonga is a monarchy with the king, currently Tupou VI, former prime minister, as head of state. The current prime minister is Siaosi Sovaleni, who was elected on 15 December 2021 and appointed on 27 December 2021. Sovaleni was elected with 16 votes. The office of prime minister was established by the Constitution of 1875, whose article 51 stipulates that the prime minister and other ministers are appointed and dismissed by the king. The prime minister is assisted by the deputy prime minister. 2000s democratization During the 2000s, the country experienced an increase in democratization. In March 2006, King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV appointed Feleti Sevele, a moderate member of the Human Rights and Democracy Movement, as prime minister. Sevele was the first commoner to hold this post since Shirley Waldemar Baker in 1881. All the prime ministers since Baker had been members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ʻAkilisi Pōhiva
Samiuela ʻAkilisi Pōhiva (7 April 1941 – 12 September 2019) was a Tongan pro-democracy activist and politician. Pohiva, the leader of the Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands (DPFI), served as the Prime Minister of Tonga from 2014 to his death in 2019. He was only the fourth commoner to serve as Prime Minister (after Shirley Baker in the 1880s, Siosateki Tonga in the 1890s and Feleti Sevele in the 2000s), and the first commoner to be elected to that position by Parliament rather than appointed by the King. Personal life Pōhiva worked as a teacher and later studied at the University of the South Pacific before joining the Tongan Teacher Training Staff. He became active in Tonga's pro-democracy movement in the 1980s, and in 1981 he co-founded their monthly radio programme, "Matalafo Laukai". In 1984, he was dismissed from the civil service as punishment for his criticism of the government; he subsequently sued them successfully for unfair dismissal. He then founded th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semisi Sika
Semisi Kioa Lafu Sika (born 31 January 1968) is a Tongan politician, businessman, and Member of the Tongan Parliament from 2010 to 2021. He served as acting prime minister in September 2019, following the death of ʻAkilisi Pōhiva. He is currently leader of the Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands. Career and activism Sika is from Haveluloto, and was educated at Brigham Young University–Hawaii, gaining a Bachelor of Science. Before entering politics he worked as a teacher and travel agent, and ran a takeaway shop and catering firm. He is a longstanding supporter of the democratic movement in Tonga. In 2007 he was one of three people, including Human Rights and Democracy Movement leader ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, who were prosecuted for their leadership of a protest march in June 2006. He was found not guilty and discharged. Political career A member of the Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands, Sika was elected to Parliament in the seat of Tongatapu 2 in the 2010 elections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metis Shoal
Metis Shoal, also known as Lateiki Island, is a volcanic island at the top of a submarine volcano in Tonga, located between the islands of Kao and Late. The current island formed in October 2019, when a smaller island disappeared after 24 years. History The shoal was named by the captain of the HMS ''Metis'' in 1875, who found a small volcanic island protruding from the ocean. The island was reported as being 200m long and 37m high by HMS ''Sappho'' in 1878, and as 480m high in 1890, but had eroded away completely by 1898, leaving a shoal covered by 4m of water. Eruptions and short-lived islands have been reported as far back as 1781, according to the Global Volcanism Program. In December 1967 an eruption produced another short-lived island, which disappeared by the end of 1968. An eruption in 1979 discharged large amounts of pumice, and formed an island 16km in diameter. The new island was named "Lateiki" ("lies besides Late") and claimed by Tonga in a flag-raising ceremony, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Submarine Volcano
Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth.Martin R. Speight, Peter A. Henderson, "Marine Ecology: Concepts and Applications", John Wiley & Sons, 2013. . Although most submarine volcanoes are located in the depths of seas and oceans, some also exist in shallow water, and these can discharge material into the atmosphere during an eruption. The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over 1 million (most are now extinct) of which some 75,000 rise more than 1 km above the seabed. Only 119 submarine volcanoes in Earth's oceans and seas are known to have erupted during the last 11,700 years. Hydrothermal vents, sites of abundant biological activity, are commonly found near submarine volcanoes. Effe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kao (island)
Kao is an island and stratovolcano in the Haʻapai island group of Tonga. It lies about north of Tofua island and reaches above sea level, the highest point in Tonga. The date of its last eruption is unknown. Although Kao does not display fresh-looking lava flows, it is likely very recent in origin due to the absence of deep gullies or high sea cliffs. The slopes of the island rise at angles exceeding 35 degrees to the summit, which has a series of small volcanic craters. The last reported eruption was on July 10, 1847. The best access to Kao is by small boat on the south coast of the island, although heavy swell can make this treacherous and a skilled boat coxswain is required. There are no permanent paths to the summit. Small areas on the lower slopes are cultivated by kava growers. The island is densely jungled on its lower flanks, interspersed with thick chest-height ferns that are virtually impassable to all but the most determined trekkers armed with machetes and a good ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late (island)
Late Island is an uninhabited volcanic island southwest of Vavaʻu in the kingdom of Tonga. Geography The small, 6-km-wide circular island of Late, lying along the Tofua volcanic arc about 55 km WSW of the island of Vavau, contains a 400-m-wide, 150-m-deep summit crater with an ephemeral lake. The largely submerged basaltic andesite to andesitic volcano rises 1500 m from the sea floor, with its conical summit reaching 540 m above sea level. Cinder cones are found north of the summit crater, west and north of a semicircular plateau 100–150 m below the summit, and on the NW coast. A graben-like structure on the NE flank contains two large pit craters, the lower of which is partially filled by a saltwater lake. Only two eruptions have occurred in historical time, both from NE-flank craters, which produced explosive activity and possible lava flows in 1790 and 1854. History It was discovered by Spanish naval officer Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa on 27 February 1781, on board ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2019 In Tonga
Events in the year 2019 in Tonga. Incumbents * Monarch: Tupou VI * Prime Minister: ʻAkilisi Pōhiva (until 12 September), Semisi Sika (acting, from 12 September until 8 October), Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa (from 8 October) Events October * Metis Shoal, a volcanic island at the top of a submarine volcano between Kao and Late disappears during an eruption which is first reported on the morning of 14 October. A new and bigger island appears nearby. Deaths *12 September – ʻAkilisi Pōhiva, Prime Minister (b. 1941). Radio New Zealand, 12 September 2019 References {{Oceania topic, 2019 in[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
