2012 In Paleontology

picture info	2012 In Paleontology Note: In 2012, the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature was amended, with new regulations allowing the publication of new names and nomenclatural acts in zoology after 2011, in works "produced in an edition containing simultaneously obtainable copies by a method that assures (...) widely accessible electronic copies with fixed content and layout", provided that the work is registered in ZooBank before it is published, the work itself states the date of publication with evidence that registration has occurred, and the ZooBank registration states both the name of an electronic archive intended to preserve the work and the ISSN or ISBN associated with the work. New scientific names appearing in electronic works are not required to be registered in ZooBank, only the works themselves are. Works containing descriptions of some of the taxa listed below were not printed on paper in 2012; however, the taxa that were described in works which were registered in ZooBank in 2012 are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	International Code Of Zoological Nomenclature The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a widely accepted convention in zoology that rules the formal scientific naming of organisms treated as animals. It is also informally known as the ICZN Code, for its publisher, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (which shares the acronym "ICZN"). The rules principally regulate: * How names are correctly established in the frame of binominal nomenclature * Which name must be used in case of name conflicts * How scientific literature must cite names Zoological nomenclature is independent of other systems of nomenclature, for example botanical nomenclature. This implies that animals can have the same generic names as plants (e.g. there is a genus ''Abronia'' in both animals and plants). The rules and recommendations have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in the naming of all animals, except where taxonomic judgment dictates otherwise. The code is meant to guid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cheilostomata Cheilostomatida, also called Cheilostomata, is an order of Bryozoa in the class Gymnolaemata. They are exclusively marine, colonial invertebrate animals. Cheilostome colonies are composed of calcium carbonate and grow on a variety of surfaces, including rocks, shells, seagrass and kelps. The colony shapes range from simple encrusting sheets to erect branching and even unattached forms. As in other bryozoan groups, each colony is composed of a few to thousands of individual polypides. Each individual has a U-shaped gut, and no respiratory, circulatory, or nerve system. Unique among bryozoans, cheilostome polypides are housed in a box-shaped zooids, which do not grow larger once the zooid is mature. The opening through which the polypide protrudes is protected by a calcareous or chitinous lidlike structure, an operculum. Cheilostomes possess avicularia, which have modified the operculum into a range of mandibles (possibly for defense) or hair-like setae (possibly for cleaning). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Domodedovo Formation Domodedovo may refer to: Domodedovo International Airport, an airport in Russia Domodedovo (town), a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia Domodedovo District, an administrative raion of Moscow Oblast, Russia Domodedovo Airlines, a defunct Russian airline Domodedovo Moscow FC Domodedovo Moscow (russian: ФК «Домодедово» Москва) was a Russian association football, football team based in Domodedovo (town), Domodedovo and officially registered in Moscow. It was founded in 2013 by twin player brothers ... , an association football club {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Moscovian (Carboniferous) The Moscovian is in the International Commission on Stratigraphy, ICS geologic timescale a stage (stratigraphy), stage or age (geology), age in the Pennsylvanian (geology), Pennsylvanian, the youngest system (stratigraphy), subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Moscovian age lasted from to Megaannum, Ma, is preceded by the Bashkirian and is followed by the Kasimovian. The Moscovian overlaps with the European regional Westphalian (stage), Westphalian stage and the North American Atokan and Desmoinesian stages. Name and definition The Moscovian Stage was introduced by Sergei Nikitin (geologist), Sergei Nikitin (1850 - 1909) in 1890, using brachiopods in the Moscow Basin of European Russia. Nikitin named the stage after Moscow, then a major city and now the capital of Russia. The base of the Moscovian is close to the first appearances of the conodonts ''Declinognathodus donetzianus'' and ''Idiognathoides postsulcatus'' or otherwise the fusulinid ''Aljutovella aljutovica''. Because th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Trepostomata Trepostomatida (the trepostomates) is an extinct order of bryozoans in the class Stenolaemata. Trepostome bryozoans possessed mineralized calcitic skeletons and are frequently fossilized; some of the largest known fossilized bryozoan colonies are branching trepostomes and massive dome-shaped trepostomes. Trepostomes did not have many specialized zooecia beyond ordinary feeding autozooecia. The two main known heteromorphs are exilazooecia and mesozooecia, which had the purpose of maintaining regular spacing between autozooecia. See also * Taxonomy of commonly fossilised invertebrates Although the phylogenetic classification of non-vertebrate animals (both extinct and extant) remains a work-in-progress, the following taxonomy attempts to be useful by combining both traditional (old) ''and'' new (21st-century) paleozoologic ... References External links Prehistoric animal orders Prehistoric bryozoans Extinct bryozoans {{paleo-protostome-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Lunostoma ''Lunostoma'' is an extinct genus of bryozoans which existed during the middle Devonian of what is now Germany, precisely from the Gerolstein syncline. It was described by Andrej Ernst, Paul D. Taylor, Jan Bohatý and Patrick N. Wyse Jackson in 2012, and the type species is ''L. pulchra''. Morphology ''Lunostoma'' was a small animal, branches being about 1.3 mm wide. It is unique among Rhabdomesina bryozoans in featuring "scutes", crescent-shaped structures on the proximal side of apertures. The function of these structures, which resemble the lunaria of cystoporate bryozoans, is unclear, and it is possibly an example of convergent evolution Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last com .... Otherwise it is similar to '' Saffordotaxis''. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Hemitrypa ''Hemitrypa'' is an extinct genus of bryozoa Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of simple, aquatic invertebrate animals, nearly all living in sedentary colonies. Typically about long, they have a special feeding structure called a l ...ns that lived from the Devonian to the Permian period, belonging to the family Fenestellidae. Like some other fenestrate bryozoans, it produced a skeletal superstructure to protect the colony. References Prehistoric bryozoan genera Stenolaemata {{Bryozoan-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]