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2012 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 1 October, 2012. The opposition Georgian Dream coalition of billionaire businessman Bidzina Ivanishvili won a majority of seats. President Mikheil Saakashvili conceded his party's loss. The elections were held according to a reformed electoral system agreed upon by the government and several opposition parties in 2011. 77 of the 150 seats were allocated proportionally to party lists, the remaining 73 to the winners in single-member constituencies. The new parliament was relocated from the capital of Tbilisi to the country's second largest city of Kutaisi later in 2012. A new government was also formed following the scheduled 2013 presidential election as envisaged by the 2010 constitutional amendments. South Ossetia and Abkhazia did not vote. Background Protests In 2009, opposition parties together held protests to demand the resignation of President Mikheil Saakashvili accusing him of concentrating power to himself, using rio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2008 Georgian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on May 21, 2008. President Mikheil Saakashvili proposed a referendum on bringing them forward from October to April after the 2007 Georgian demonstrations. The referendum was held at the same time as the early presidential election on 5 January 2008; according to exit polls, voters were largely in favour of having the elections in spring. The Central Election Commission has registered 3,458,020 voters. The election was observed by 14 international and 31 local organizations. Pre-election process The pre-election process has principally been monitored by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) as well as several local watchdogs. The PACE observers have reported “little or no improvement” in the political climate since the January 5 presidential election which was held in the tense aftermath of the November 2007 political crisis and resulted in the reelection of Mikheil Saakashvili to his second term. The moni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitution Of Georgia (country)
The Constitution of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს კონსტიტუცია, ''sakartvelos k'onstitutsia'') is the supreme law of Georgia. It was approved by the Parliament of Georgia on 24 August 1995 and entered into force on 17 October 1995. The Constitution replaced the Decree on State Power of November 1992 which had functioned as an interim basic law following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Background DRG and the Soviet Rule The history of Georgian constitutionalism begins in the twentieth century, when on May 26, 1918, the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopted the Act of Independence and began drafting the Constitution. The drafting of the constitution lasted for three years. On February 21, 1921, facing the onset of Soviet aggression, the Constituent Assembly of Georgia adopted a constitution of the Democratic Republic of Georgia which was the first modern fundamental law in the nation's history but was adopted on February 21, 1921, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Party (Georgia)
The People's Party ( ka, ხალხის პარტია) is a political alliance in Georgia. It was founded on March 12, 2006 based on an initiative group. Party Direction: Leftist Centers. The members of the initiative group were Asmat Muradashvili, Giorgi Odzeli, Kakhaber Firuashvili, David Kvachadze, Jumber Tavartkiladze, Roin Khizjakadze and Akaki Panchulidze. The initiative group held a party congress on June 9, 2007, and the congress elected the Supreme Council of the Political Council. The political council chose the chairperson and executive secretary of the party. Koba Davitashvili was elected as chairman and Asmat Muradashvili as executive secretary. The members of the political council were Giorgi Odzeli, Akaki Panchulidze, Kakhaber Firuashvili, Roin Khizhakadze, Jumber Tavartkiladze, Teiran Noniashvili, David Bitsadze and Davit Kvachadze. Organizational structure The People's Party actively participated in the elections together with the United Opposition part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgia's Way
The Way of Georgia (, ''Sak’art’velos gza'', also called The Georgian Way) was a political party in Georgia. It was registered on March 11, 2006. The party was led by former Foreign Minister and current President Salome Zourabichvili from its founding until 2010. The Way of Georgia was considered a liberal party. Although Zourabichvili enjoyed high personal popularity, her party has not been able to establish itself in the political field. At the city council elections in Tbilisi on October 5, 2006, only 2.77% of the constituency voted for the party. On June 20, 2019, party was merged into new party, For a Justice. See also *Liberalism *List of political parties in Georgia *Politics of Georgia (country) *Rose Revolution *Mikheil Saakashvili Mikheil Saakashvili ( ka, მიხეილ სააკაშვილი ; uk, Міхеіл Саакашвілі ; born 21 December 1967) is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Party Of Georgia
The Republican Party of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს რესპუბლიკური პარტია, ''sakartvelos resp'ublik'uri part'ia''), commonly known as the Republicans (რესპუბლიკელები, ''resp'ublik'elebi''), is a political party in Georgia active since 1978. Until March 2016, the party was a part of the Georgian Dream coalition that won the 2012 election, defeating the United National Movement. Currently it is in opposition to Georgian Dream as part of the UNM-led Strength is in Unity coalition. The party was not represented in the Parliament of Georgia elected in the Georgian legislative elections of 2008, and only maintained its representation in Tbilisi City Assembly and Adjara's Supreme Council. The current chairperson is Khatuna Samnidze, elected in November 2013. The party's declared platform includes the reforms of local self-governance, economy and a free and independent judiciary system. It supports Georg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservative Party Of Georgia
The Conservative Party of Georgia ( ka, საქართველოს კონსერვატიული პარტია, ''Sak’art’velos konservatiuli partia'', SKP) is a political party, active in Georgia since 2001. Under its acting chairman Zviad Dzidziguri, the party was allied with Mikheil Saakashvili’s United National Movement until May 2004 when it switched into opposition, and with the Republican Party of Georgia formed the Democratic Front faction. They joined other opposition parties in the 2007 anti-government demonstrations and supported a joint opposition candidate Levan Gachechiladze in the early 2008 presidential election. The party from 2012 until 2019 was part of Georgian Dream Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia ( ka, ქართული ოცნება – დემოკრატიული საქართველო, ''Kartuli ocneba – Demok’rat’iuli Sakartvelo'') is a social democratic political ... Alliance. Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Our Georgia – Free Democrats
Free Democrats ( ka, თავისუფალი დემოკრატები, ''t’avisup’ali demokratebi''), previously known as Our Georgia – Free Democrats, is a political party in Georgia founded by Irakli Alasania, Georgia's former envoy to the United Nations, on 16 July 2009. The party was in opposition to the government led by Mikheil Saakashvili and his United National Movement. For the 2012 elections, it was part of the Georgian Dream alliance that won the election against the United National Movement. However, the party left the governing coalition on 5 November 2014. The Free Democrats support a presidential republic with a strong parliament, an independent judicial system, and a wide range of authorized local authorities. Its economic objectives are a competitive, free-market economy and the establishment of sustainable economic growth, poverty reduction, job creation and social protection systems. To this end, the parties should consider strengthen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Forum (Georgia)
The National Forum ( ka, ეროვნული ფორუმი, ''erovnuli porumi'') is a political party in Georgia established on December 15, 2006 by the former diplomat Kakha Shartava. He is the son of Zhiuli Shartava, a Georgian politician in Abkhazia, killed by the Abkhaz militias during the secessionist war in the region in 1993. Several veteran politicians such as Revaz Shavishvili, Irakli Melashvili and Gubaz Sanikidze also joined the party. Party political council of the organizational members are: Kakhaber Shartava, Gubaz Sanikidze, Revaz Shavishvili, Irakli Melashvili, Nodar Javakhishvili and Irakli Gobejishvili. A leading Party member was economic expert Niko Orvelashvili who died on 15 January 2010. The party advocates a parliamentary republic as a form of government in Georgia. Unlike most other Georgian political parties, it does not support Georgia’s aspiration to join NATO, and argues Georgia should be a "neutral country." [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proportional Representation
Proportional representation (PR) refers to a type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to geographical (e.g. states, regions) and political divisions (political parties) of the electorate. The essence of such systems is that all votes cast - or almost all votes cast - contribute to the result and are actually used to help elect someone—not just a plurality, or a bare majority—and that the system produces mixed, balanced representation reflecting how votes are cast. "Proportional" electoral systems mean proportional to ''vote share'' and ''not'' proportional to population size. For example, the US House of Representatives has 435 districts which are drawn so roughly equal or "proportional" numbers of people live within each district, yet members of the House are elected in first-past-the-post elections: first-past-the-post is ''not'' proportional by vote share. The m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majoritarian Representation
A majoritarian electoral system is an electoral system where the candidate with the most votes takes the seat using the winner-takes-all principle and in this way provides majoritarian representation. However, there are many electoral systems considered majoritarian based on different definitions, including types of ''at-large'' majoritarian representation such as block voting or party block voting ( general ticket), but district-based majoritarian systems such as first-past-the-post voting (FPTP/SMP). Where two candidates are in the running, the one with the most votes will have a majority, but where there are three or more candidates, it often happens that no candidate takes a majority of the votes (see Plurality (voting)). Majoritarian representation is applied here to mean district contests, not overall representation. It does not mean the party with the most votes will receive a majority of seats, but under First past the post the party with the most votes does usually t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Democrats (Georgia)
The European Democrats ( ka, ევროპელი დემოკრატები, tr) is a political movement in Georgia, formed in 2005 by a group of internally displaced persons from breakaway Abkhazia. Its chairman is Paata Davitaia, former Minister of Justice in the Abkhazian government-in-exile. The party focuses mainly on the Abkhazia problem and targets displaced persons. It was known as We, Ourselves or On Our Own (, ) until September 2011, and it remains the party's slogan. It has been a member of the United Opposition alliance which staged mass anti-government demonstrations in November 2007 and was running on a joint ticket in the parliamentary election A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ... in May 2008. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Democratic Party (Georgia)
The National Democratic Party (, ''erovnul-demokratiuli partia'') is a political party in Georgia. It was established in 1988 by Giorgi Chanturia as a radical splinter group of the Ilia Chavchavadze Society, although an earlier party with the same name also existed among the Georgian intelligentsia and in the Democratic Republic of Georgia The Democratic Republic of Georgia (DRG; ka, საქართველოს დემოკრატიული რესპუბლიკა ') was the first modern establishment of a republic of Georgia, which existed from May 1918 to F ... from 1917 to 1924.Svante Cornell, ''Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus'', Routledge, 2005, p. 147 At the 2012 elections, the party won 3,050 votes, 0.14% of the national total. Recently the party joined the Strength is in Unity–United Opposition coalition before the 2018 presidential election. The current leader of the party is Bachuki K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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