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2012 European General Strike
The 2012 European general strike, first known as the 2012 Iberian Strike was a general strike called initially by Spanish and Portuguese unions on 14 November 2012, to whom several unions and collectives from other European countries joined in strike or other form of protests. It was the first time in history that a European Union-wide series of strikes coincided in time. General strike was called in Cyprus, Malta, Portugal, Italy and Spain, while protests and mobilizations of support occurred in France, Greece and in Wallonia, Belgium. See also * Anti-austerity movement * Great Recession in Europe * Impact of the Arab Spring *European sovereign debt crisis *Economic history of Europe *Anti-austerity movement in Spain (15-M Movement) * Anti-austerity movement in Greece * Anti-austerity protests in Ireland * Anti-austerity protests in Portugal * List of protests in the 21st century References {{DEFAULTSORT:European general strike, 2012 General strikes 2012 in Spain 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-austerity Movement
The anti-austerity movement refers to the mobilisation of street protests and grassroots campaigns that has happened across various countries, especially in Europe, since the onset of the worldwide Great Recession. Anti- austerity actions are varied and ongoing, and can be either sporadic and loosely organised or longer-term and tightly organised. They continue as of the present day. The global Occupy movement has arguably been the most noticeable physical enactment of anti-austerity and populist sentiment. Ireland An example of countries implementing severe austerity measures is Ireland. Ireland witnessed its housing market completely (rather than, as elsewhere, partially) collapse, and the government eventually had to apply for a bailout from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), agreeing to an austerity program of economic reform in exchange. The austerity measures and the terms of the IMF bailout became major aspects of the Irish financial crisis, and populist anger over t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been described as a '' sui generis'' political entity (without precedent or comparison) combining the characteristics of both a federation and a confederation. Containing 5.8per cent of the world population in 2020, the EU generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around trillion in 2021, constituting approximately 18per cent of global nominal GDP. Additionally, all EU states but Bulgaria have a very high Human Development Index according to the United Nations Development Programme. Its cornerstone, the Customs Union, paved the way to establishing an internal single market based on standardised legal framework and legislation that applies in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where the states have agreed to act ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In Italy
Events from the year 2012 in Italy: Incumbents * President: Giorgio Napolitano * Prime Minister: Mario Monti Events * 13 January - Costa Concordia disaster - a cruise liner capsized, killing at least 32 people on board. * 13 January - Italy's credit rating is downgraded to BBB+ by Standard & Poor's. * 15 February - Several Indian fishermen are killed in a firefight between riflemen of the Italian Navy and pirates off the coast of the Kerala, India. The soldiers involved are being held by the authorities in New Delhi. * 18 February - Pope Benedict XVI creates 22 new cardinals during his fourth consistory. * 12 May - 85th National Gathering of the Alpini in Bolzano. * 19 May - Brindisi school bombing * 20 May - 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes - The regions of Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy and Veneto are hit by an earthquake of magnitude 6.0 with the epicenter in the provinces of Modena, Mantua, Ferrara, Rovigo, Bologna and Reggio Emilia. * 29 May - Emilia-Romagna and Lombardy are agai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In Portugal
Events in the year 2012 in Portugal. Incumbents *President: Aníbal Cavaco Silva *Prime Minister: Pedro Passos Coelho Events May *1 May – 2012 Rush to Pingo Doce September *15 September – 15 September 2012 Portuguese protests Arts and entertainment In music: Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012. Sports Football (soccer) competitions: Primeira Liga, Liga de Honra, Terceira Divisão, Taça da Liga, Taça de Portugal. Deaths *4 February – Fernando Lanhas, painter (born 1923). *21 February – Manuel Franco da Costa de Oliveira Falcão, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Beja (born 1922). *24 February – Infanta Maria Adelaide, royal (born 1912). *28 February – Jaime Graça, footballer (born 1942). See also *List of Portuguese films of 2012 References {{Years in Portugal 2010s in Portugal Years of the 21st century in Portugal Portugal Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012 In Spain
Events of 2012 in Spain. Incumbents * Monarch - Juan Carlos I * Prime Minister - Mariano Rajoy Notable events * 13 May - Pastor Maldonado wins the Spanish Grand Prix, marking him the first Venezuelan Formula One driver to win a race. * 1 July - Spain's national team wins UEFA Euro Final in Kyiv, Ukraine. *11 September - Some 1.5 million people take part in Catalonia's annual independence rally in Barcelona. Deaths * 2 April – Pilar Fuertes Ferragut, 49, diplomat, road accident. See also * 2012 in Spanish television * List of Spanish films of 2012 A list of Spanish-produced and co-produced feature films released in 2012 in Spain. The domestic theatrical release date is favoured. Films Box office The ten highest-grossing Spanish films in 2012, by domestic box office gross revenue, ... References {{Spain-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Strikes
A general strike refers to a strike action in which participants cease all economic activity, such as working, to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal. They are organised by large coalitions of political, social, and labour organizations and may also include rallies, marches, boycotts, civil disobedience, non-payment of taxes, and other forms of direct or indirect action. Additionally, general strikes might exclude care workers, such as teachers, doctors, and nurses. Historically, the term general strike has referred primarily to solidarity action, which is a multi-sector strike that is organised by trade unions who strike together in order to force pressure on employers to begin negotiations or offer more favourable terms to the strikers; though not all strikers may have a material interest in the negotiations, they all have a material interest in maintaining and strengthening the collective efficacy of strikes as a b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Protests In The 21st Century
This is a list of protests in the 21st century. Revolutions and uprisings Plants (Colour) revolutions * Rose Revolution (Georgia, 2003) * Tulip Revolution (Kyrgyzstan, 2005) * Cedar Revolution (Lebanon, 2005) * Orange Revolution (Ukraine, 2004–2005) * Saffron Revolution (Myanmar, 2007) Arab Spring Demonstrators in Cairo's Tahrir Square on 8 February 2011 * 2010–2012 Algerian protests * 2011 Bahraini uprising * 2011 Turkish Cypriot protests * 2011 Djiboutian protests * 2011 Egyptian revolution * 2011–2012 Jordanian protests * 2011 Iraqi protests * 2011 Lebanese protests * First Libyan Civil War * 2011–2012 Mauritanian protests * 2011–2012 Moroccan protests * 2011 Western Saharan protests * 2011 Omani protests * 2011–2012 Palestinian protests * 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests * 2011–2013 Sudanese protests * Civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war * Tunisian Revolution * Yemeni Revolution Arab Winter * 2012–2013 Egyptian protests * Post-co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-austerity Protests In Portugal
The 12th March Movement ( pt, Movimento 12 de Março) or the Geração à Rasca (, "struggling generation") protest took place in more than 10 cities of Portugal against the economic crisis and labour rights. They were the biggest events since the 1974 Carnation Revolution and organized without support from political parties or trades union A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits ...s. A Facebook event and a blog, created by a group of friends—Alexandre de Sousa Carvalho, João Labrincha and Paula Gil—were the starting point. Background A number of musical acts in Portugal had been involved in protest actions against the austerity measures at the beginning of the crisis. Music addressing Portugal's political situation became a part of local and national political pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-austerity Protests In Ireland
The anti-austerity movement in Ireland saw major demonstrations from 2008 (the year of the Irish economic downturn) to 2015. The protests began during October 2008 after the Fianna Fáil–Green Party coalition of the 30th Dáil oversaw the implementation of the bank guarantee, and were given further impetus by the late 2010 intervention of the European Union/European Central Bank/International Monetary Fund troika and the collapse of that government early the following year. Protests continued during the Fine Gael– Labour coalition of the 31st Dáil. Background The post-2008 Irish economic downturn coincided with a series of banking scandals, followed the 1990s and 2000s Celtic Tiger period of rapid real economic growth fuelled by foreign direct investment, a subsequent property bubble which rendered the real economy uncompetitive, and an expansion in bank lending in the early 2000s. An initial slowdown in economic growth amid the international financial crisis of 2007– ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-austerity Movement In Greece
The anti-austerity movement in Greece involved a series of demonstrations and general strikes that took place across the country. The events, which began on 5 May 2010, were provoked by plans to cut public spending and raise taxes as austerity measures in exchange for a bail-out, aimed at solving the Greek government-debt crisis. Three people were killed on 5 May in one of the largest demonstrations in Greece since 1973. On , anti-austerity activists organised by the Direct Democracy Now! movement, known as the Indignant Citizens Movement ( el, Κίνημα Αγανακτισμένων Πολιτών, ''Kínima Aganaktisménon-Politón''), started demonstrating in major cities across Greece. This second wave of demonstrations proved different from the years before in that they were not partisan and began through peaceful means. Some of the events later turned violent, particularly in the capital city of Athens. Inspired by the anti-austerity protests in Spain, these demonst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-austerity Movement In Spain
The anti-austerity movement in Spain, also referred to as the 15-M Movement (Spanish: ''Movimiento 15-M''), and the Indignados Movement, was a series of protests, demonstrations, and occupations against austerity policies in Spain that began around the local and regional elections of 2011 and 2012. First starting on 15 May 2011, many of the subsequent demonstrations spread through various social networks such as Real Democracy NOW ( es, link=no, Democracia Real YA) and Youth Without a Future ( es, link=no, Juventud Sin Futuro). Spanish media related the movement to the 2008–14 Spanish financial crisis, the Arab Spring, as well as demonstrations in North Africa, Iran, Greece, Portugal, and Iceland. The movement was also compared to Stéphane Hessel's political manifesto '' Time for Outrage!,'' which was seen to empower Spanish youth who were not in school, training, or employment. Protestors rallied against high unemployment rates, welfare cuts, politicians, and the two-part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic History Of Europe
An economy is an area of the Production (economics), production, Distribution (economics), distribution and trade, as well as Consumption (economics), consumption of Goods (economics), goods and Service (economics), services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the production, use, and management of scarcity, scarce resources'. A given economy is a set of processes that involves its culture, values, education, technological evolution, history, social organization, political structure, legal systems, and natural resources as main factors. These factors give context, content, and set the conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. In other words, the economic domain is a social domain of interrelated human practices and transactions that does not stand alone. Economic agents can be individuals, businesses, organizations, or governments. Economic transactions occur when two grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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