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2010–2012 Bosnia And Herzegovina Government Formation
Following the general election on 3 October 2010, a process of formation of Bosnia and Herzegovina's Council of Ministers had begun. The resulting election produced a fragmented political landscape without a coalition of a parliamentary majority more than a year after the election. The centre-left Social Democratic Party, the largest party in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the Bosnian Serb autonomist Alliance of Independent Social Democrats, the largest party in Republika Srpska, each had 8 MPs of the total 42 MPs of the House of Representatives (28 from the Federation and 14 from Republika Srpska). Similarly, a crisis of government was also present at the local levels, as well as the Federal entity. In late 2011, the Council of Ministers (i.e. the national government) had been solved, however the country remained in a situation of perpetual political crisis, especially the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. After months of dysfunction and arguments about legalit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2010 Bosnian General Election
General elections were held in Bosnia and Herzegovina on 3 October 2010. They decided the makeup of Bosnia and Herzegovina's Presidency as well as national, entity, and cantonal governments. The elections for the House of Representatives were divided into two; one for the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and one for Republika Srpska. In the presidential election, voters in the Federation elected Bosniak Bakir Izetbegović and re-elected Croat Željko Komšić, while voters in Republika Srpska re-elected Serb Nebojša Radmanović. The Social Democratic Party and the Alliance of Independent Social Democrats emerged as the largest parties in the House of Representatives, each winning 8 of the 42 seats. Background After the Bosnian War and the Dayton Agreement that ended the war, the constitution set out, in Article V, a tripartite rotational Presidency between the Bosniak, Croat and Serb entities. Each Presidency member serves a four-year term, with the Chairman of the Pres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bosnian War
The Bosnian War ( sh, Rat u Bosni i Hercegovini / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The war is commonly seen as having started on 6 April 1992, following a number of earlier violent incidents. The war ended on 14 December 1995 when the Dayton accords were signed. The main belligerents were the forces of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and those of Herzeg-Bosnia and Republika Srpska, proto-states led and supplied by Croatia and Serbia, respectively. The war was part of the breakup of Yugoslavia. Following the Slovenian and Croatian secessions from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991, the multi-ethnic Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina – which was inhabited by mainly Muslim Bosniaks (44%), Orthodox Serbs (32.5%) and Catholic Croats (17%) – passed a referendum for independence on 29 February 1992. Political representatives of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Democratic Union Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( hr, Hrvatska demokratska zajednica Bosne i Hercegovine or HDZ BiH) is a Christian democratic, nationalist political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing the Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is an observer member of the European People's Party (EPP). Its headquarters is in Mostar. History The party was formed on 18 August 1990, with the first party convention held in Sarajevo. It has participated in all multiparty elections held in Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1991. It regularly won the support of the Croat electorate up to 2000 and took part in forming the government. It returned to power in 2002, where it remained until 2010. Since 2014, the party has once again been in power. In the October 2002 general election, the party was part of the "Croatian Coalition" (''Hrvatska koalicija'') which won 9.5% of the popular vote and five out of 42 seats in the national House of Representatives and 16 out of 98 seat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Party Of Rights Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Croatian Party of Rights of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( hr, Hrvatska stranka prava Bosne i Hercegovine or HSP BiH) is an extra-parliamentary party in Bosnia and Herzegovina that represents the ideology of Ante Starčević. The main goals of the HSP BiH are changes to the Treaty of Dayton, abolition of entities and subdivision of Bosnia and Herzegovina into territorial units. History Austria-Hungary Austrian-Hungarian authorities considered the foundation of the Ante Starčević's Party of Rights (''Stranka prava'') in the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina undesirable. The group of Croat intellectuals thus founded the Croat People's Union (''Hrvatski narodni savez'', HNZ) with the goal of establishing Starčević's party ideology. HNZ was mostly supported by peasantry, tradesmen and Franciscans. The party's leader was Nikola Mandić, while other prominent members of the party were Ivo Pilar, Safvet-beg Bašagić, Hamid Ekrem Sahinović and Jozo Sunarić. Another party whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentin Inzko
Valentin Inzko (born 22 May 1949) is an Austrian diplomat who served as the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2009 to 2021. He also served as the European Union Special Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2009 to 2011. Background Inzko was born into a Carinthian Slovene family in Klagenfurt, Carinthia. His father, Valentin Inzko Sr., was a renowned cultural and political activist of the local Slovene minority. Valentin Jr. attended a Slovene-German bilingual school in Suetschach ( sl, Sveče) in the municipality of Feistritz im Rosental ( sl, Bistrica v Rožu). After finishing the Slovene language high school in Klagenfurt in 1967, he enrolled in the University of Graz, where he studied law and Slavic philology. Between 1972 and 1974, he attended the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna. Besides Slovene and German, Inzko is fluent in English, Serbo-Croatian, Russian and Czech. Among other works, he has translated the essays of Václav Havel's ''Living in Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Representative For Bosnia And Herzegovina
The High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, together with the Office of the High Representative (OHR) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, were created in 1995 immediately after the signing of the Dayton Agreement which ended the 1992–1995 Bosnian War. The purpose of the High Representative and the OHR is to oversee the civilian implementation of the Dayton agreement. They also serve to represent the countries involved in the implementation of the Dayton Agreement through the Peace Implementation Council (PIC), which chooses the High Representative. So far, all of the High Representatives named have been from European Union countries, while their principal deputies have been from the United States. The Principal Deputy High Representative serves as International Supervisor for Brčko, representing the international community in the Brčko District. Due to the vast powers of the High Representative over Bosnian politics and essential veto powers, the position has been compared ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Formation
Government formation is the process in a parliamentary system of selecting a prime minister and cabinet members. If no party controls a majority of seats, it can also involve deciding which parties will be part of a coalition government. It usually occurs after an election, but can also occur after a vote of no confidence in an existing government. Delays or failures in forming a government A failure to form a government is a type of cabinet crisis where a coalition controlling a majority of seats cannot be agreed upon. The process of government formation can sometimes be lengthy. For example, following the 2013 German federal election, Germany engaged in 85 days of government formation negotiations, the longest in the nation's post-war history. The outcome was the third Merkel cabinet, another grand coalition led by Angela Merkel. Belgium Belgian governments are typically coalition governments due to the split between the Flemish and French parts of the country. On occasion, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of The Federation Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The president of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina represents the Federation and is the head of the federal executive power. Term of the Federal President is 4 years. The post was established in March 1994. The election of the Federal President consists of several activities. In electing the President and two Vice-Presidents of the Federation, at least one-third of the delegates of the respective Bosniak, Croat or Serb caucuses in the House of Peoples may nominate the President, and two Vice-Presidents of the Federation. After that, the House of Representatives needs to approve President and Vice-Presidents, and after that House of Peoples decides to confirm the decision of the House of Representatives by the majority of votes of all three caucuses. The president can be dismissed from office after Federal Constitutional Court approves the request from the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Before the request was sent, two-thirds of Parliament need to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Peoples Of The Federation Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The House of Peoples of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is an upper house of the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the lower being the House of Representatives. Federal laws need to be passed by both houses. The House of Peoples is composed out of 23 delegates from each of the constitutive nations of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs as well as eleven delegates of the minorities referred to as others. The House of Peoples has one chairman and two vice-chairmen. In July 2017, the BiH Constitutional Court struck down provisions of the election law regulating the indirect election of delegates to the House of Peoples of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The court had previously, in 2016, declared these provisions unconstitutional, and decided that the rules should be changed to ensure legitimate representation in the election of Bosniak, Croat and Serb members to the Federation House of Peoples. On 2 October 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of The Federation Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croat-Bosnian: ''Parlament Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine''/Парламент Федерације Босне и Херцеговине) is the bicameral legislature of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH). The lower house is the House of Representatives, while the upper house is the House of Peoples. The House of Representatives is composed of 98 members, while House of Peoples is composed of 80 members. In total, Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is composed of 178 members. Members of the House of Representatives are chosen by secret ballot, while members of the House of Peoples are chosen by each Cantonal legislature. The Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed after the signing of the Washington agreement in March 1994. The Agreement was implemented during the spring of 1994, when the Constitutional Assembly of the FBiH was convoked. On June 24, it adopt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croats Of Bosnia And Herzegovina
The Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina (), often referred to as Bosnian Croats () or Herzegovinian Croats () are the third most populous ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina, ethnic group in the country after Bosniaks and Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbs, and are one of the Constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina, constitutive nations of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina have made significant contributions to the culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Most Croats declare themselves Catholic Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Catholics and speakers of Croatian language. From the 15th to the 19th century, Christianity in the Ottoman Empire, Catholics in Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina were often persecuted by the Ottoman Empire, causing many of them to flee the area. In the 20th century, political turmoil and poor economic conditions caused more to Emigration, emigrate. Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War, Ethnic cleansing within Bosnia and Herzegovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
