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2010 European Union Bank Stress Test
A European Union-wide banking stress test exercise has been conducted by the Committee of European Banking Supervisors every year since 2009. The second instance was performed in July 2010. The Council of the European Union (in its economic and financial – ECOFIN – configuration) mandated that Committee so to do, in the aftermath of the global financial crisis which started in 2007. Summary of 2010 results by bank The 2010 test was the second of its kind, which assesses the financial strength of European banks under different adverse scenarios. This was done in co-operation with the European Central Bank, the European Commission and the national supervisory authorities of the member states. The 2010 results were released on 23 July 2010. Of the 90 banks tested, 7 failed the 6% tier 1 capital ratio threshold: five in Spain (Unnim, Diada, Espiga, Banca Cívica, and Cajasur), one in Germany (Hypo Real Estate), and one in Greece (ATEBank). The BBC, in this reference ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stress Testing
Stress testing (sometimes called torture testing) is a form of deliberately intense or thorough testing used to determine the stability of a given system, critical infrastructure or entity. It involves testing beyond normal operational capacity, often to a breaking point, in order to observe the results. Reasons can include: * to determine breaking points or safe usage limits * to confirm mathematical model is accurate enough in predicting breaking points or safe usage limits * to confirm intended specifications are being met * to determine Failure cause, modes of failure (how exactly a system fails) * to test stable operation of a part or system outside standard usage Reliability engineering, Reliability engineers often test items under expected stress or even under accelerated stress in order to determine the operating life of the item or to determine modes of failure. The term "Stress (mechanics), stress" may have a more specific meaning in certain industries, such as material ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OP-Pohjola Group
OP Financial Group is one of the largest financial companies in Finland. It consists of 180 Cooperative banking, cooperative banks and their central organization. “OP” stands for “osuuspankki” in Finnish, literally meaning “cooperative bank”. The financial group has over 2 million customer-owners, offering retail and commercial banking services all over Finland, as well as insurance services. In 2014 the group acquired the remainder of the shares of Pohjola Bank and consolidated its services under the OP brand, shortening its name to OP from OP-Pohjola, a name it had used since 2007. OP's current headquarters are located in Vallila, Helsinki, and opened in 2015. History The company's predecessor was founded in 1891 when the fire insurance company Palovakuutus-Osakeyhtiö Pohjola commenced its operations. Pohjola Bank was listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange in 1922, being one of the first companies to be listed in Helsinki. The first local cooperative credit soci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WestLB
WestLB AG (derived from ''Westdeutsche Landesbank'', i.e. "Western German state Bank") was a European commercial bank based in Düsseldorf, Germany which was mainly owned by the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. Landesbanks are a group of partly or wholly state owned banks unique to Germany. They are regionally organised and their business is predominantly wholesale banking. As of 30 June 2012, WestLB was downsized and Portigon Financial Services AG became the legal successor of WestLB. History The bank was incorporated on January 1, 1969. Total assets of the group were €288.1 bn as of December 31, 2008 (€292.1bn as of September 30, 2006) with operations spread over eleven countries in Europe, six countries in The Americas, six countries in Asia, Australia and South Africa, including significant investment banking operations in New York City, London, Luxembourg, Tokyo and Hong Kong. WestLB was also the central institution for savings banks in North Rhine Westphalia. O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Postbank
Postbank is the retail banking division of Deutsche Bank, which was formed from the demerger of the postal savings division of Deutsche Bundespost in 1990. Since May 2018, it operates as a brand of Deutsche Bank's retail arm. It serves 13 million customers in around 1,000 branches and 700 advisory centers. History The ''Postscheckdienst'' was introduced in 1909 by the German Reich establishing accounts for payment transactions by mail and linking postal and banking services in German states. In 1990, following the German Postal Services Restructuring Act (''Poststrukturgesetz'') of 1989, the German Postal Service (Deutsche Bundespost) was divided into three companies, Deutsche Post, Deutsche Telekom and Postbank. Later that year, Deutsche Post Postbank of the former East Germany was merged with Postbank. From 1990 to 1997, Günter Schneider was chairman of the board. The first board of Postbank consisted of Günter Schneider, Rudolf Bauer and Bernhard Zurhorst. On 1 January 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norddeutsche Landesbank
The Norddeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale (abbreviated NORD/LB) is a German Landesbank and one of the largest commercial banks in Germany. It is a public corporation majority-owned by the federal states of Lower Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt with its head office in Hanover and branches in Braunschweig and Magdeburg. Regional Sparkassen hold a minority stake of 35 percent. History Beginnings NORD/LB was established in 1765 as ''Braunschweigische Staatsbank''. Under the current name, the bank started its business on 1 July 1970. The main areas of specialization of NORD/LB are investment banking, agricultural and real estate banking, corporate finance, ship and aircraft financing and private banking. NORD/LB maintains branch offices in all major financial and trading centers, including London (since 1985), Singapore (since 2004) and New York City (since 1991). Today, NORD/LB is Germany's largest bank for national and international bond issues. In 1992, a new state treaty between the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DZ Bank
DZ Bank AG () is the second largest bank in Germany by asset size and the central institution for around 800 cooperative banks and their around 8,500 branch offices. Within the German Cooperative Financial Group, which is one of Germany's largest private sector financial service organizations, DZ Bank functions both as a central institution and as a corporate and investment bank. DZ Bank is an acronym for Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank (literally "German Central Cooperative Bank"). As a holding, the DZ Bank Group defines itself primarily as a service provider for local cooperative banks and their 30 million or so clients. The DZ Bank Group includes: DVB Bank, a transportation finance bank; Bausparkasse Schwäbisch Hall, a building society; DZ HYP (), a provider of commercial real estate finance; DZ Privatbank Gruppe; R+V Versicherung, an insurance company; TeamBank, a provider of consumer finance; Union Investment Group, an asset management company; VR Leasing; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayerische Landesbank
Bayerische Landesbank (BayernLB; Bavarian State Bank) is a publicly regulated bank based in Munich, Germany and one of the six Landesbanken. It is 75% owned by the Free State of Bavaria (indirectly via BayernLB Holding AG) and 25% owned by the ''Sparkassenverband Bayern'', the umbrella organization of Bavarian Sparkassen. With a balance of €220 billion and 7,703 employees (in the group; 3,343 in the bank itself), it is the seventh-largest financial institution in Germany. Main business activities As a commercial bank, BayernLB Group offers private and commercial customers a universal range of services in private, industrial, investment and foreign business. This includes loans, securities trading and asset management, as well as mid-term and long-term bond issuance and securitization. The bank is refinanced through a variety of commercial debenture instruments. As a state and municipal bank, BayernLB is responsible for comprehensive credit and financial counsel for the stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landesbank Baden-Württemberg
Landesbank Baden-Württemberg (LBBW) is a universal bank and the Landesbank for some Federal States of Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen). As of 2018, it is Germany's biggest state-backed landesbank lender. LBBW is a full-service and commercial bank and central bank for savings banks in Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony. The company focuses on industrial technologies, information technology, software, telecommunication, innovative services and life science. It prefers to invest in Southern Germany, but also considers investments in other regions of Germany, Austria and Switzerland. History On 1 January 1999, Landesbank Baden-Württemberg (LBBW) was formed through the merger of SüdwestLB, Landesgirokasse, and the commercial banking business of L-Bank. On 1 August 2005, Baden Württembergische Bank (BW-Bank) was incorporated into LBBW as a legally dependent institution under public law. Also as a legally dependent institution under public law ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypo Real Estate
The Hypo Real Estate Holding AG is a holding company based in Munich, Germany which comprises a number of real estate financing banks. The company's activities span three sectors of the real estate market: commercial property, infrastructure and public finance, and capital markets and asset management. Hypo Real Estate is the second largest commercial property lender in Germany. The bank originated in 2003 from the real estate financing business of HypoVereinsbank. It employs about 2,000 people and was one of the 30 members of the DAX stock market index of the largest German companies between December 2005 and December 2008, before the shares were demoted to the MDAX. Its shares were further demoted to the SDAX in September 2009. In 2007 it acquired public finance company Depfa Bank. The company remains a legal entity as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Hypo Real Estate Group. The firm received a bailout from the Deutsche Bundesbank and other German banks in October 2008 in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commerzbank
Commerzbank AG () is a major German bank operating as a universal bank, headquartered in Frankfurt am Main. In the 2019 financial year, the bank was the second largest in Germany by the total value of its balance sheet. Founded in 1870 in Hamburg, the bank is today present in more than 50 countries around the world and provides almost a third of Germany's trade finance. In 2017, it handled 13 million customers in Germany and 5 million customers in Central and Eastern Europe. Commerzbank is a member of the Cash Group. 15% of the shares are owned by the Federal Republic of Germany and 85% are in free float. History Empire On 26 February 1870, mainly Hanseatic merchants, merchant bankers and private bankers founded the Commerz- and Disconto-Bank in Hamburg. Shipowner C. Woermann was the first chairman of the supervisory board of Commerz- und Disconto-Bank from 1870. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deutsche Bank
Deutsche Bank AG (), sometimes referred to simply as Deutsche, is a German multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. It was founded in 1870 and grew through multiple acquisitions, including Disconto-Gesellschaft in 1929 (as a consequence of which it was known from 1929 to 1937 as Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft or "DeDi-Bank"), Bankers Trust in 1998, and Deutsche Postbank in 2010. As of 2018, the bank's network spanned 58 countries with a large presence in Europe, the Americas, and Asia. As of 2021, Deutsche Bank was the List of largest banks, 21st largest bank in the world by total assets and 93rd in the world by market capitalization. It is a component of the DAX stock market index, and often referred to as the List of banks in Germany, largest German banking institution even though the Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe comes well ahead in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Générale
Société Générale S.A. (), colloquially known in English as SocGen (), is a French-based multinational financial services company founded in 1864, registered in downtown Paris and headquartered nearby in La Défense. Société Générale is France's third largest bank by total assets after BNP Paribas and Crédit Agricole. It is also the sixth largest bank in Europe and the world's eighteenth. It is considered a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. From 1966 to 2003 it was known as one of the ''Trois Vieilles'' ("Old Three") major French commercial banks, along with Banque Nationale de Paris (from 2000 BNP Paribas) and Crédit Lyonnais. History 19th Century The bank was founded by a group of industrialists and financiers during the Second Empire on May 4, 1864. Its full name was ''Société Générale pour favoriser le développement du commerce et de l'industrie en France'' ("General Company to Support the Development of Commerce and Industr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
