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2006 Minor League Baseball Umpire Strike
The most recent umpire strike in Minor League Baseball history was the strike of 2006. It involved primarily a monetary dispute between the Association of Minor League Umpires (AMLU), a trade union, and the Professional Baseball Umpire Corporation (PBUC), a management company. The dispute resulted in the hiring of replacement umpires for a number of games, followed by minor concessions by both parties, resulting in a slight wage increase for umpires employed in Minor League Baseball. Parties involved In 1999, the minor league umpires, under the umbrella of the Professional Baseball Umpire Corp (PBUC), unionized themselves and formed the Association of Minor League Umpires (AMLU). The following year, the AMLU signed a salary contract with the PBUC. The union was formed to provide support and protection for the umpires in contract negotiations with PBUC, which is in turn governed by the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues (NAPBL, the formal name of Minor League ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with referee, officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling the disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes addressed as blue at lower levels due to the common color of the uniform worn by umpires. In professional baseball, the term ''blue'' is seldom used by players or managers, who instead call the umpire by name. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew. The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports. Duties and positions In a game officiated by two or more umpires, the umpire in chief (usually the home plate umpire) is the umpire who is in charge of the entire game. This um ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), with 29 in the United States and 1 in Canada. The NL and AL were formed in 1876 and 1901, respectively. Beginning in 1903, the two leagues signed the National Agreement and cooperated but remained legally separate entities until 2000, when they merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball. MLB is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan. It is also included as one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. Baseball's first all-professional team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings, was founded in 1869. Before that, some teams had secretly paid certain players. The first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hunter Wendelstedt
Harry Hunter Wendelstedt III (born June 22, 1971) is an American baseball umpire who has worked in the National League in 1998–1999 and throughout both major leagues since 2000. His father Harry Hunter Wendelstedt, Jr. was an NL umpire from 1966 to 1998. Hunter Wendelstedt goes by his middle name to avoid confusion with his father. Umpiring career Wendelstedt has worked one All-Star Game (2011), two Wild Card Game/Series (2015, 2022), four Division Series (2003, 2010, 2013, 2014), four League Championship Series (2006, 2015, 2017, 2018), and one World Series (2014). He also officiated in the 2009 World Baseball Classic. As his career began just as his father was retiring, Hunter Wendelstedt wears the same number as his father did, 21. The Wendelstedts are the only father-son pair to have umpired a Major League game together, an event that occurred over several series in 1998. Wendelstedt was the home plate umpire when Bartolo Colon hit his first career home run in San Die ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ãngel Hernández (umpire)
Ãngel Hernández (born August 26, 1961) is a Cuban umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB). He worked in the National League from 1991 to 1999, and has worked throughout MLB since 2000. In July 2017, Hernández filed an ultimately unsuccessful federal lawsuit against MLB, alleging that racial discrimination kept him from being promoted to crew chief and from umpiring World Series games. He has not umpired in a World Series since the 2002 and 2005 championships. Hernandez has been involved in several controversial incidents and has been criticized by players, coaches, and fans throughout his career. Early life Hernández was born in Havana, Cuba. He grew up in Hialeah, Florida and began umpiring Khoury League baseball games as a teenager; his father directed the local league. Umpiring career Hernández began umpiring in the Florida State League in 1981, where he earned $900 per month (), moved to the Carolina League in 1984, was promoted to the Southern League in 1986 and earned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Randy Marsh
Randall Gilbert Marsh (born April 8, 1949) is an American former umpire in Major League Baseball who worked in the National League from 1981 to 1999 and throughout both major leagues from 2000 to 2009. Marsh wore the uniform number 30. Major League career Marsh umpired in the World Series in 1990, 1997, 1999, 2003, and 2006, serving as crew chief for the last three Series, and in the All-Star Game in 1985, 1988, 1996, and 2006, calling balls and strikes for the 1996 game. He is the tenth umpire in history to serve as crew chief for three World Series. Marsh also officiated in nine League Championship Series ( 1989, 1992, 1995, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009) and in five Division Series ( 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2006). He had been a crew chief from the 1998 season until his retirement following the 2009 season. Marsh was the crew chief of Crew P for 2009, which included Mike Winters, Alfonso Márquez, and Lance Barksdale. Marsh was known for a comparatively small yet highly c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tim Timmons (umpire)
Timothy Forbes Timmons (born December 30, 1967) is an American retired Major League Baseball umpire. After debuting in the National League as a substitute in late 1999, Timmons was promoted to the MLB umpiring staff in 2002. He worked the World Series in 2018 and retired following the 2022 season. Early life Tim Timmons was born in Columbus, Ohio. He graduated from Our Lady of Peace Grade School in 1982 and went onto graduate from Bishop Watterson High School in 1986. Timmons played baseball at Muskingum College and then transferred to Ohio State University. He worked as a chef at a country club before attending umpire school. Career Timmons umpired in the New York–Penn League, South Atlantic League, Carolina League, Southern League, and International League before becoming a Major League umpire. Prior to his promotion to the major leagues, Timmons served as head of the minor league umpires' union. He served as a major league reserve umpire before he was called up to the majors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern League (1964–2020)
Southern League may refer to: Professional baseball leagues in the United States *Southern League (1964–present), active since 1964 *Southern Association, known as the "Southern League", active from 1901 to 1919 *Southern League (1885–1899), active from 1885 to 1899 Other *Southern League (New Zealand), a semi-professional football league in New Zealand *Southern Football League, a semi-professional football league in England currently known as the PitchingIn Southern League * Southern League (ice hockey), a former top-flight ice hockey league in southern England from 1970 to 1978 *Southern League (1929–31), one of two British speedway leagues from 1929 to 1931 *Southern League (1952–53), a British speedway competition See also *Southern Football League (other) * League of the South, a United States Southern nationalist organization, formerly known as the Southern League *Southern League Ausonia, an Italian political party based in Campania *Southern Leagues, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Texas League
The Texas League is a Minor League Baseball league which has operated in the South Central United States since 1902. It is classified as a Double-A league. Despite the league's name, only its five South Division teams are actually based in the state of Texas; the five North Division teams are located in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma. The league was founded in 1888 and ran through 1892. It was called the Texas Association in 1895, the Texas-Southern League in 1896, and again as the Texas League from 1897 to 1899. It was revived as a Class D league in 1902, moved to Class C in 1904 where it played through 1910 (except for 1906 as Class D again), played at Class B until 1920, and finally moved up to Class A in 1921. The Texas League, like many others, shut down during World War II. From 1959 to 1961, the Texas League and the Mexican League formed the Pan American Association. The two leagues played a limited interlocking schedule and post-season championship. By 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unfair Labor Practice
An unfair labor practice (ULP) in United States labor law refers to certain actions taken by employers or unions that violate the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (49 Stat. 449) (also known as the NLRA and the Wagner Act after NY Senator Robert F. Wagner) and other legislation. Such acts are investigated by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB). Schlesinger Jr., Arthur M. ''The Age of Roosevelt: The Coming of the New Deal: 1933–1935.'' Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1958, p. 400-406. Definition of "unfair labor practice" The NLRB has the authority to investigate and remedy unfair labor practices, which are defined in Section 8 of the Act. In broad terms, the NLRB makes it unlawful for an employer to: *interfere with two or more employees acting in concert to protect rights provided for in the Act, whether or not a union exists *to dominate or interfere with the formation or administration of a labor organization *to discriminate against an employee from engaging in c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Insurance
Health insurance or medical insurance (also known as medical aid in South Africa) is a type of insurance that covers the whole or a part of the risk of a person incurring medical expenses. As with other types of insurance, risk is shared among many individuals. By estimating the overall risk of health risk and health system expenses over the risk pool, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to provide the money to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement. The benefit is administered by a central organization, such as a government agency, private business, or not-for-profit entity. According to the Health Insurance Association of America, health insurance is defined as "coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury. It includes insurance for losses from accident, medical expense, disability, or accidental death and dismemberment". Background A health i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deductible
In an insurance policy, the deductible (in British English, the excess) is the amount paid out of pocket by the policy holder before an insurance provider will pay any expenses. In general usage, the term ''deductible'' may be used to describe one of several types of clauses that are used by insurance companies as a threshold for policy payments. Deductibles are typically used to deter the large number of claims that a consumer can be reasonably expected to bear the cost of. By restricting its coverage to events that are significant enough to incur large costs, the insurance firm expects to pay out slightly smaller amounts much less frequently, incurring much higher savings. As a result, insurance premiums are typically cheaper when they involve higher deductibles. For example, health insurance companies offer plans with high premiums and low deductibles, or plans with low premiums and high deductibles. One plan may have a premium of $1,087 a month with a $6,000 deductible, while ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Per Diem
''Per diem'' (Latin for "per day" or "for each day") or daily allowance is a specific amount of money that an organization gives an individual, typically an employee, per day to cover living expenses when travelling on the employer's business. A ''per diem'' payment can cover part or all of the expenses incurred. For example, it may include an accommodation allowance or it may only cover meals (with actual accommodation costs reimbursed separately or be prepaid). Travel, particularly by motor vehicles, is often reimbursed at a rate determined only by distance travelled, e.g., the US business mileage reimbursement rate. Fixed ''per diem'' (and ''per mile'') rates eliminate the need for employees to prepare, and employers to scrutinise, a detailed expense report with supporting receipts to document amounts spent while travelling on business. Instead, employers pay employees a standard daily rate without regard to actual expenditure. In some countries, the income tax code specifies a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
