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2001 South Armagh Attacks
The 2001 South Armagh attacks were attacks on two watchtowers and a police station in South Armagh, Northern Ireland. History On 9 December 2001, a group of 100 Irish republicans attacked two watchtowers and a police station in South Armagh, Northern Ireland. The mob first attacked the Creevekeeran watchtower with petrol bombs, iron bars and bottles. The crowd then attacked nearby Drummackavall watchtower in a similar assault before moving to the Crossmaglen police station, where they breached the entrance and fired missiles and petrol bombs at security forces. Twenty-one Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) officers, three British Army soldiers and three police dogs were injured. The riots followed a protest by members of Sinn Féin's youth wing dissatisfied with the slow process of demilitarisation promised by the British government, a key demand of Sinn Féin in the Northern Ireland peace process. Aftermath The injured forces were airlifted to hospitals, one of whom s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Armagh
County Armagh (, named after its county town, Armagh) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland. Adjoined to the southern shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of and has a population of about 175,000. County Armagh is known as the "Orchard County" because of its many apple orchards. The county is part of the historic province of Ulster. Etymology The name "Armagh" derives from the Irish word ' meaning "height" (or high place) and '. is mentioned in '' The Book of the Taking of Ireland'', and is also said to have been responsible for the construction of the hill site of (now Navan Fort near Armagh City) to serve as the capital of the kings (who give their name to Ulster), also thought to be 's ''height''. Geography and features From its highest point at Slieve Gullion, in the south of the county, Armagh's land falls away from its rugged south with Carrigatuke, Lislea and Camlough mountains, to rollin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Ireland Peace Process
The Northern Ireland peace process includes the events leading up to the 1994 Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) ceasefire, the end of most of the violence of the Troubles, the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, and subsequent political developments. Timeline Towards a ceasefire In 1994, talks between the leaders of the two main Irish nationalist parties in Northern Ireland, John Hume of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), and Gerry Adams of Sinn Féin (SF), continued. These talks led to a series of joint statements on how the violence might be brought to an end. The talks had been going on since the late 1980s and had secured the backing of the Irish Government through an intermediary, Father Alec Reid. In November it was revealed that the British government had also been in talks with the Provisional IRA, although they had long denied it. On Wednesday 15 December 1993, the ''Joint Declaration on Peace'' (more commonly known as the Downing Street Declaration) was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 In Northern Ireland
Events during the year 2001 in Northern Ireland. Incumbents * First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, First Minister - David Trimble **Acting First Minister - Reg Empey (1 July - 6 November) * First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, deputy First Minister - Seamus Mallon (until 6 November), Mark Durkan (from 6 November) * Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Secretary of State - Peter Mandelson Events *29 April – United Kingdom Census 2001, 2001 United Kingdom Census carried out. Northern Ireland's population is 1,685,267. *3 – 10 June – The Men's 2001 World Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Belfast, with almost 400 boxers from 67 countries taking part in the Odyssey Arena event. *12 July – July 2001 Belfast riots. *15 June – Dispute arises between local Ulster loyalism, loyalist and Irish republicanism, republican activists on the Crumlin Road Peace lines, peace line in North Belfast over the flying of loyalist param ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Belfast
Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland, and throughout its modern history has been a major commercial and industrial centre. In the late 20th century manufacturing industries that had existed for several centuries declined, particularly shipbuilding. The city's history has occasionally seen conflict between different political factions who favour different political arrangements between Ireland and Great Britain. Since the Good Friday Agreement, the city has been relatively peaceful and major redevelopment has occurred, especially in the inner city and dock areas. Early History The Belfast area has been occupied since at least the Neolithic period. It is believed that nomadic tribes crossed over the frozen sea from present-day Scotland to eastern Ulster during the Ice age, Ice Age. These early nomads were either supplanted or assimilated by the influx of a new group, the Gaels. The first permanent settlements were built in the Iron Age. The Giant's Ring, a 5,000-year-old he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
December 2001 Events In The United Kingdom
December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and is also the last of seven months to have a length of 31 days. December got its name from the Latin word ''decem'' (meaning ten) because it was originally the tenth month of the year in the calendar of Romulus which began in March. The winter days following December were not included as part of any month. Later, the months of January and February were created out of the monthless period and added to the beginning of the calendar, but December retained its name.Macrobius, ''Saturnalia'', tr. Percival Vaughan Davies (New York: Columbia University Press, 1969), book I, chapters 12–13, pp. 89–95. In Ancient Rome, as one of the four Agonalia, this day in honour of Sol Indiges was held on December 11, as was Septimontium. Dies natalis (birthday) was held at the temple of Tellus on December 13, Consualia was held on December 15, Saturnalia was held December 17–23, Opiconsivia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000s In Northern Ireland
S, or s, is the nineteenth letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''ess'' (pronounced ), plural ''esses''. History Origin Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative (as in 'ip'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth () and represented the phoneme via the acrophonic principle. Ancient Greek did not have a phoneme, so the derived Greek letter sigma () came to represent the voiceless alveolar sibilant . While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician ''šîn'', its name ''sigma'' is taken from the letter ''samekh'', while the shape and position of ''samekh'' but name of ''šîn'' is continued in the '' xi''. Within Greek, the name of ''sigma'' was influenced by its association with the Greek word (earlier ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been ''san'', but due to the complica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riots And Civil Disorder In Northern Ireland
A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots typically involve destruction of property, public or private. The property targeted varies depending on the riot and the inclinations of those involved. Targets can include shops, cars, restaurants, state-owned institutions, and religious buildings. Riots often occur in reaction to a grievance or out of dissent. Historically, riots have occurred due to poverty, unemployment, poor living conditions, governmental oppression, taxation or conscription, conflicts between ethnic groups ( race riot) or religions (sectarian violence, pogrom), the outcome of a sporting event (sports riot, football hooliganism) or frustration with legal channels through which to air grievances. While individuals may attempt to lead or control a riot, riots typically consist of disorganized groups that are frequently "chaotic and exhibit herd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
November 2001 Belfast Riots
Large civil disorder broke out in north Belfast, Northern Ireland on Sunday 11 November 2001. The trouble started when republicans clashed with loyalists during a Remembrance Day service. Up to 400 Protestants and Catholics were involved in rioting in the afternoon on North Queen Street. A 16-year-old Protestant teenager, Glen Hugh Branagh from Duncairn Gardens, was killed when a pipe bomb in his hand exploded prematurely. The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) believe that the bomb was intended at the riot police. Loyalists claimed it was thrown by republicans and he was merely throwing it away, a claim denied by Sinn Féin's Gerry Adams and the PSNI. A teenager and a man caught in the blast were also wounded. It later turned out that Branagh was a member of the Ulster Young Militants, the youth wing of the loyalist Ulster Defence Association (UDA) paramilitary group. The UDA's ceasefire was considered "over" in October following other violent riots or shootings orchestrate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy Cross Dispute
The Holy Cross dispute occurred in 2001 and 2002 in the Ardoyne area of north Belfast, Northern Ireland. During the 30-year conflict known as the Troubles, Ardoyne had become segregated – Ulster Protestants and Irish Catholics lived in separate areas. This left Holy Cross, a Catholic primary school for girls, in the middle of a Protestant area. In June 2001—during the last week of school before the summer break—Protestant Ulster loyalism, loyalists began Picketing (protest), picketing the school, claiming that Catholics were regularly attacking their homes and denying them access to facilities. The picket resumed on 3 September, when the new school term began. For weeks, hundreds of loyalist protesters tried to stop the schoolchildren and their parents from walking to school through their area. Hundreds of riot police, backed up by British Army, British soldiers, escorted the children and parents through the protest each day. Some protesters shouted sectarianism, sectarian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plastic Bullet
A plastic bullet or plastic baton round (PBR) is a non-lethal projectile fired from a specialised gun. Although designed as a non-lethal weapon, they have caused a number of deaths when used incorrectly. Plastic bullets are generally used for riot control. Some plastic bullets are intended to be skip fired, hitting the ground and ricocheting into the intended target; while others were designed to be fired directly into the target. Plastic bullets were invented in 1973 by British security forces to replace rubber bullets in an attempt to reduce fatalities. They were first deployed against demonstrators in Northern Ireland during The Troubles. An unrelated small-calibre handgun bullet made of plastic is sometimes used for short-range target practice (see recreational use). History The first plastic bullet was the L5 Plastic Baton Round. It was developed by the British security forces for use against demonstrators in Northern Ireland during The Troubles. They were to replace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conor Murphy
Conor Terence Murphy (Irish: Conchúr Ó Murchú; born 10 July 1963) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who is the Member of the Legislative Assembly of Northern Ireland for Newry and Armagh. He served as the Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh from 2005 until 2015. Early life Murphy was born in Camlough, South Armagh and joined the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the 1981 hunger strikes. In 1982 he was sentenced to five years in prison for IRA membership and possession of explosives. Political career Between 1989 and 1997, he was a Sinn Féin councillor on Newry and Mourne District Council for The Fews area, in South Armagh and South Down, and served as his party's group leader at that level. Assembly elections In 1998, Murphy was elected as one of his party's two Northern Ireland Assembly members for Newry and Armagh. He was re-elected, with two party colleagues, to the Assembly in 2003. He lives in Camlough, County Armagh with his wife C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Fee (politician)
John Fitzgerald Fee (7 December 1963 – 10 November 2007) was an Irish nationalist politician who served as a Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Newry and Armagh from 1998 to 2003. Career Born in Newry, County Down, Fee was educated at St Patrick's Primary School in Crossmaglen, South Armagh, and St Colman's College, Newry before attending Queen's University Belfast. He worked as the Editor of the ''Creggan Historical Journal'' from 1986 before in 1988 becoming the Parliamentary Research Assistant to Seamus Mallon, the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) Member of Parliament for Newry and Armagh. Fee was elected to Newry and Mourne District Council for the SDLP in 1989, and in 1998 was chosen as one of Northern Ireland's representatives on the European Committee of the Regions. He served on the Rural Development Council for Northern Ireland from 1990 to 1994. Fee was physically assaulted, apparently by republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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